读从永乐大典中。采掇裒订。仍为一卷。其麦饭石膏。及神异膏二方。诸方中最神妙者。而永乐大典。乃偶佚之。
令据苏沈良方。及危亦林得效方补入。又赤水元珠。亦载有神异膏方。与得效方。稍有不同。今并列之。以备参
考焉。
〔按查文献通考。亦作李迅。其误作李逸者。见于国史经籍志。提要说失考。）
〔伍氏（起予）外科新书〕（旧作起子讹）宋志一卷 佚
邹应龙序曰。大抵痈疽。发于背者。至危殆之疾也。多至不救者。夫岂皆命也哉。然有法可活。非膏涂末敷
之能愈。初觉便从头上作艾炷。宜泄蕴毒。使毒瓦斯亟夺。而无内蚀之患。惟头及颈则否。此更生法也。灼艾之外。
则又有奇方存。起予平昔屡用屡效。实不敢私。以广其传。开禧丁卯十月旦日。江南西路提刑邹应龙为之序跋。
刊于章首。（外科精要）
〔亡名氏外科积要方〕佚
按上见于朱氏集验方。
〔张氏（允蹈）外科保安要用方〕宋志五卷（书录解题作三卷）佚
陈振孙曰。外科保安方三卷。知兴化军毫社张允蹈家藏方。龚参政茂良刘太史夙为之序跋。
〔亡名氏五发方论〕书录解题一卷 佚
陈振孙曰。五发方论一卷。不知名氏。亦吴晦父所录。
〔李氏（世英）痈疽辨疑论〕二卷 存
史弥忠序曰。余尝观隋大业中巢元方等。着诸病源候论。其论痈疽诸证。固多本于古书。但能定人以必死之
期。而未尝示人以救死之方。然则此书流传于世。见之者毛骨竦立而已。果何益乎。近时陈无择三因方盛行。所
谓病有三因者。实原于金匮要略。非臆说也。其为痈疽叙论。谓阴滞于阳则发痈。阳滞于阴则发疽。而此二毒。发无定
处。常以脉别之。浮洪滑数则为阳。微沉缓涩则为阴。阴则热治。阳则冷治。可谓明白简易矣。然考其所用之方。则
不能无疑。如乳香连翘。与漏芦二汤。及洪丞相所序内补散。固已明言不可守此一法。而普攻之矣。但谓内因则
用远志。外因则用大黄。不内外因则用甘草。所谓阴则热治者。初未尝有方及之。后虽有内塞散一方。亦用附子。
但施之于热退脓血不止之时。非是用于其疾兴作之际。则夫热治之说。竟成泯默而无传可乎。余弟定叔得此疾于
积年患渴之后。不数日间。肿大如杯。势极可虑。不敢轻用外科。父子兄弟。相与为谋。惟有李君太医。老成更
练。可付兹事。丞致礼招之。至则诊其脉。察其证。遽举手相贺曰。此阴病也。见得甚明。无唐过忧。但用多备
雄附等料耳。暨服其药数日。病者大觉烦躁。且索冰水。沃手盥湔。至呼诸子来前。而诰李君曰。汝以附子杀我。
我死。儿辈忍不从汝取偿吾命乎。李君但笑而唯唯。不得已而应之曰。今夜乃住此药。退而语诸子曰。今正是服
附子时。舍则无药可进。况病患饮食精神。皆不失常。疮溃而脓如涌泉。皆善证也。非服附子之功而何。但用附
子。稍杂以他剂而进之。使不能别其气味。斯可矣。诸子如其言。遂收全功。病涉数月。用附子逾三百之数。皆
余所目击。向使李君初无定见。终无定力。顾不殆哉。余于此尤惜陈无择三因方证治。未及处热治之方也，李君
世攻外科。壮岁从古绾陆从老学。指下明彻。如洞见肺腑。用药亲切。如射必中的。晚岁遂为吾乡独步。一日与
余言。今老矣。且惮于出入。然医书之备。莫盛于今日。学人傥能按图而索焉。十岂不能得其五六。但痈疽一证。
实为至危之疾。乃绝无所谓热治之方。后学何所考据。况近世有不幸而罹此疾者。多发于阴。如忧虑郁结。色欲
过度。阳气衰弱。荣卫不调。非阴类乎。某辄犯不韪。着辨疑论。仍以常用既效之方。具述于后。因欲命工刻梓。
以广其传。幸不靳一语。与之即可。则其为不费之惠。夫岂浅浅。弥忠当不文辞。而此论不必以文而行远。于是
乎书。淳 壬寅季秋既望。端明殿学士金紫光禄大夫致仕史弥忠序。
李世英跋曰。仆年过从心。历医五十余载。耳闻目见。受此病者。十中仅有三二可保其生。缘此病有阴阳缓
急之异。盖医者不决。使病者惶怖。世英仅将家传积世秘效之方书。参考古今诸家之论。并亲承前辈诸老先生指
证之教。编成一帙。命曰痈疽辨疑论。其实只欲辨明阴阳之疑惑。次用药剂之轻重。非敢为赘言也。更望四方高
明之士。洞烛此书。或恐语未能尽善。悉为考证。庶得旨要谛当。欲广流传。深愿家家尽晓。人人自会。或城邑
市井。犹可命医。或道途阻。深山大泽。忽感此疾。仓卒之间。命医未及。但将此书详览。先别阴阳。随证施治。
庶不致阴阳错缪。举获康宁。为利益小补哉。时大岁壬寅淳 二年仲冬晦日。雪岩李世英少颖书。
〔陈氏（自明）外科精要〕医藏目录三卷 存
陈自明序曰。凡痈疽之疾。比他病最酷。圣人推为杂病之先。自古虽有疡医一科。及鬼遗等论。后人不能深
究。于是此方沦没。转乖迷涂。今乡井多是下甲人。专攻此科。然沾此疾。又多富贵者。内经云。大凡痈疮。多
生于膏粱之人。仆家世大方脉。每见沾此疾者。十存一二。盖医者少有精妙
能究方论者。问读其书。又不能探颐索隐。及至临病之际。仓卒之间。无非对病阅方。遍试诸药。况能疗痈疽。
持补割。理折伤。攻牙疗痔。多是庸俗。不通文理之人。一见文繁。即便厌弃。病家又执方论。以诘难之。遂使
医者鼯鼠技穷。中心惶惑。当下不下。悠悠弗决。迁延日久。遂令轻者重。重者死。又多见生疽之人。隐讳者众。
不喜人言。是痈疽发疾。但喜云只是小小疖毒而已。及至孔洪。遂致不救。又有病家猜鄙。吝其所费浩瀚。不肯
请明了之医。而甘心委命于庸俗之手。或有医者。用心不臧。贪人财利。不肯便投的当伐病之剂。惟恐效速。而
无所得。是祸不极。则功不大矣。又有确执一二药方。而全无变通者。又有当先用而后下者。当后下而先用者。
（多见一得疾之初。便令多服排脓内补十宣散。而及增其疾。此药是破后排脓内补之药。而洪内翰未解用药之意。
而妄为序跋。以误天下后世者众矣。陈无择云。当在第四节用之。是也。）又有得一二方子。以为秘传。惟恐人知
之。穹贵之人。不见药味。而不肯信服者多矣。又有自知众人尝用已效之方。而改易其名。而为秘方。或妄增药
味。以惑众听。而返无效者。亦多矣。此等之徒。皆含灵之巨贼。何足相向。又有道听涂说之人。远来问病。自
逞了了。诈作明能。谈说异端。或云是虚。或云是实。出示一方。力言奇效。奏于某处。此等之人。皆是贡谀。
其实皆未曾经历一病。初无寸长。病家无主。易于摇惑。欲于速效。又喜不费资财。更不待医者商议。可服不可
服。即欲投之。倏然至祸。各自走散。古人云。贫无达士将金赠。病有闲人说药方。此世之通患。历代不能革。
凡痈疽之疾。真如草寇。不守律法。出意凶暴。待之稍宽。杀人纵火。无可疑者。凡疗斯疾。不可以礼法待之。
仍要便服一二紧要经效之药。把定脏腑。外施针灸。以泄毒瓦斯。其势稍定。却乃详观方论。或命医者。详察定名。
是痈是疽。是虚是实。是冷是热。或重或轻。对证用药。无失先后次序。病者不必忧惶。医者确执己见。不可妄
立名色。怆惶惑乱。收效必矣。如近代名医李嗣立伍起予曾孚先辈。编集上古得效方论要诀。愚因暇日。采摭群
言。自立要领。或先或后。不失次序。其中重复繁文者削之。取其言简意尽。纲领节目。整然不紊。庶几览者。
如指诸掌。虽不能尽圣人之万一。使临病之际。便有所主。毋致渴而穿井。斗而铸兵者乎。时景定癸亥孟秋。宝
唐习医陈自明良甫序。
〔朱氏（震亨）外科精要发挥〕佚
接上见于宋濂丹溪朱公石表。
〔熊氏（宗立）外科精要附遗〕三卷 存
〔薛氏（己）校注外科精要〕三卷 存
薛已序曰。外科。盖指疮疡门言也。上古无外科专名。实 于季世。后人遂因而分内外为二科。兹外科乃宋
陈良甫先生所着。虽以疡科名其书。而其治法。固多合外内之道。如作渴泄泻灸法等论。诚有以发内经之微旨。
殆亘古今所未尝道及者。可传之万世。而无弊也，第其他所设方药，亦不无宜于昔。而不宜于今者。非先生之术。
有未精要也。良由今人所禀。远不逮昔。虽使先生至今存。亦不得不因时而损益之矣。余于时自忘浅鄙。漫仿元
本之所既备而未悉者。断以愚意而折衷之。仍其旧名。厘为四卷。其补录一卷。则出余管见。同志幸勿咎其僭。
而进其所未至焉。嘉靖丁未春月吉日。奉政大夫太医院使致仕昊郡薛已谨序。
〔外科精要补〕一卷 存
〔窦氏（杰）疮疡经验全书〕医藏目录十二卷 存
申时行序曰。宋有窦汉卿者。以疡医行于庆历祥符之间。诏治太子疾。召入仁智殿下讯之。未几太子病愈。
辄嘉劳之。封为太师。以国老称。遂命制诸方。以弘济寰海外内。一时神其术者。咸知有窦氏疡医矣。然其书之
传于世者。分析种种。绘图定方。具有法度。信利人之妙术。济世之弘轨也。我朝以来。家有传焉。其方多验。
裔孙楠续授太医院医士。其子梦麟术业益工。声称藉甚。乃缉遗书。重增经验诸方。梓以行世。盖溯汉卿为合肥
人。尝游江湖。遇一至人。而其术益神。则医业之精。信非偶然者矣。梦麟号仲泉。今家常之无锡。与华太学复
阳游。复阳为秋官补庵公之子。比来京师。备能道之。
四库全书提要曰。疳疡经验全书十三卷。旧本题宋窦汉卿撰。卷首暑燕山窦汉卿。而申时行序。考宋艺文志。
不载此书。仅有窦太师子午流注一卷。亦不详窦为何名。疑其说出于附会。且其中治验。皆梦麟所自述。或即梦
麟私撰。托之乃祖也。国朝康熙丁酉。歙人洪瞻岩重刊。乃云。得宋刻秘本校之。殆亦虚词。
按窦杰金末人。事履详着于明堂经脉类。申氏说妄甚。
〔胡氏（元庆）痈疽神秘灸经〕医藏目录一卷 存
杨子成序曰。人具五脏之形。而气血之运。必有以疏载之。其流则曰历。曰循。曰经。曰至。曰抵。其交际。
则曰会。曰过。曰行。曰达者。概又所谓十二经焉。十二经左右手足。各备阴阳者三。阴右而阳左也。阳顺施而
阴逆施。以三阳言之，则太阳少阳阳明。则阳有太少也矣。而有阳明者。取阴阳合明之意也。以三阴言之。则太
阴少阴厥阴。阴既有太少矣。又有厥阴者。取两阴交会之义也。非徒经之有十二。又有系络者。为系络之数。三
百六十五。所以附经而行。周流不息。若阴阳维跷冲带六脉。皆有所系。惟任督二经。则包乎腹背。而有专穴。
诸经满而溢者受之。初不可常而忽焉。宜与诸经并论。通考其穴，三百五十又七。此人身之常遍也。概经血所滞。
发而为痈疽。为疔疖。此皆气血不能通之谓也。历观诸经。传变不一。是经之滞。当审何经所发。何穴所滞。辨
视其穴。则用火以攻之。疏其源流。而无滞也。犹如沟渠塞其庭水泛滥。今胡元庆先生深穷妙理。周遍玄微。遂
缉十二经所滞之穴。毫端妙理。用以广生民之福。同跻仁寿之域也。至正甲子。永昌杨子成序。
〔薛氏（己）痈疽神秘灸经校补〕一卷 存
〔齐氏（德之）外科精义〕国史经籍志二卷 存
齐德之曰。夫医者。人之司命也。脉者。医之大业也。盖医家苟不明脉。则如冥行索途。动致颠覆矣。夫大
方脉。妇人小儿风科。必先诊脉。后对证处药。独疮科之流。多有不诊其脉候。专攻治外。或有证候疑难。别招
方脉诊察。于疮科之辈。甘当浅陋之名。噫。其小哉如是。原夫疮肿之生。皆由阴阳不和。血气凝滞。若不诊候。
何以知阴阳勇怯。血气聚散耶。由是观之。则须信疗疮肿。于诊候之道。不可阙也。历观古今治疗疮肿方书甚多。
其间诊候之法。略而未详。比夫诸科。甚有灭裂。愚虽不才。辄取黄帝素问难经灵枢甲乙。及叔和仲景扁鹊华佗
千金外台圣惠总录。古今名医诸家方论之中。诊候疮肿之说。简编类次。贯成篇帙。首载诊候入式之法。次论血
气色脉参应之源。后明脉之名状。所主证候。及疮肿逆从之方。庶使为疮肿科者。览此则
判然可晓。了无凝滞于胸次。一朝临疾。诊候至此。则察逆从。决成败。若黑白之易分耳。
四库全书提要曰。外科精义二卷。元齐德之撰。德之始末未详。惟其结衔。称医学博士充御药院外科太医。
是编先论后方。于疮肿诊候。浅深虚实。最为详尽。考周礼天官。疡医掌肿疡溃疡金疡折疡之祝药。 杀之剂。
注曰。 。谓刮去脓血。杀。谓以药食其恶肉。又曰。凡疗疡以五毒攻之。注曰。今医方有五毒之药。合黄 。
置石胆。丹砂。雄黄。矾石。磁石其中。烧之三日三夜。其烟上着。以鸡羽埽取之。以注恶肉破骨则尽出。又曰。
以五气养之。以五药疗之。以五味节之。注曰。既 杀而攻尽其宿肉。乃养之也。五气。当作五谷。字之误也。
从《永乐大典》中搜集、整理，编订为一卷。其中的麦饭石膏和神异膏两方，是诸方中最神妙的，但《永乐大典》中偶然遗失了。
现在依据《苏沈良方》及危亦林的《得效方》补入。另外，《赤水元珠》中也记载有神异膏方，与《得效方》稍有不同，现在并列列出，以备参考。
〔按：查考《文献通考》，也写作李迅。其误写为李逸的，见于《国史经籍志》，提要说明失考。）
〔伍氏（起予）外科新书〕（旧作“起子”讹误）宋志一卷 已佚
邹应龙序言说：大抵痈疽，发于背部的，是极其危险的疾病。大多导致无法救治的，这难道都是命运吗？然而有方法可以救活，不仅仅是靠涂抹药膏、末药敷贴就能治愈的。刚发觉时就要在患处头部施灸艾炷，适宜宣泄蕴积的毒邪，使毒气迅速排出，从而避免内部蚀烂的祸患。只有头颈部则不适用此法。这是再生的方法。除了艾灸之外，还有奇方存在。起予平时屡次使用，屡次见效，实在不敢私藏，以广泛传播。开禧丁卯年十月初一，江南西路提刑邹应龙为之作序跋，刊刻于书首。（《外科精要》）
〔无名氏外科积要方〕已佚
按：上述见于朱氏《集验方》。
〔张氏（允蹈）外科保安要用方〕宋志五卷（《书录解题》作三卷）已佚
陈振孙说：外科保安方三卷，是兴化军亳社张允蹈家藏的方书，龚参政茂良、刘太史夙为之作序跋。
〔无名氏五发方论〕《书录解题》一卷 已佚
陈振孙说：五发方论一卷，不知作者姓名，也是吴晦父所收录。
〔李氏（世英）痈疽辨疑论〕二卷 存世
史弥忠序言说：我曾观看隋朝大业年间巢元方等人撰写的《诸病源候论》，其中关于痈疽各种证候的论述，固然多基于古书，但只能断定病人必死的期限，却未曾向人展示救死的方法。那么这本书流传于世，见到的人只会毛骨悚然罢了，究竟有什么益处呢？近来陈无择的《三因方》盛行，所谓病有三因的说法，实际上源于《金匮要略》，并非臆测之说。书中对于痈疽的叙论，认为阴气阻滞于阳分则发痈，阳气阻滞于阴分则发疽，而这两种毒邪，发作没有固定部位，常通过脉象来辨别。浮、洪、滑、数则为阳证，微、沉、缓、涩则为阴证。阴证用热治法，阳证用冷治法，可以说明白简易了。然而考察其所用的方剂，却不能不有疑问。如乳香连翘汤、漏芦二汤，以及洪丞相所序的内补散，已经明确说明不可只守这一种方法，而普遍攻伐。只是说内因则用远志，外因则用大黄，不内外因则用甘草。所谓阴证用热治法，起初并没有方剂涉及。后来虽有内塞散一方，也用附子，但只施用于热退脓血不止的时候，并不是用于疾病发作之际。那么热治法的说法，竟然成为沉默而无传承了吗？我的弟弟定叔在多年患消渴病之后得了此病，不出几天，肿大如杯，形势极其可虑。不敢轻易使用外科治疗，父子兄弟共同谋划，只有李君太医，老成练达，可以把这事托付给他。于是致礼招请他。他到了之后，诊察脉象，观察证候，立刻举手相贺说：“这是阴病啊。”看得很清楚，不要唐突地担忧。只要多准备雄黄、附子等材料即可。等到服用药物几天后，病人感到大烦躁，并且索要冰水，洗手洗脸，甚至叫来儿子们面前，告诫李君说：“你用附子杀我，我死了，你们忍心不向我讨命吗？”李君只是笑着答应。不得已才回答说：“今晚停止用这个药。”回去对儿子们说：“现在正是服用附子的时候，停药就没有药可进了。况且病人的饮食精神，都没有失常。疮溃破而脓液如涌泉，都是顺证啊。这不是服用附子的功劳是什么？只用附子，稍微混杂其他药剂一起服用，使他们分辨不出气味，就可以了。”儿子们按照他的话做，于是取得完全成功。病情延续数月，使用附子超过三百枚的数量，都是我亲眼目睹。假如李君起初没有坚定的见解，最终没有坚定的定力，岂不是危险吗？我对此特别惋惜陈无择《三因方》的证治，没有涉及到热治的方剂。李君世代攻习外科，壮年时跟随古绾陆从老学习，手下明彻，如同洞见肺腑。用药亲切，如同射箭必中靶心。晚年遂成为我们乡里的独步高手。有一天与我交谈，说：“现在老了，而且害怕出入。然而医书的完备，没有比今天更盛的。学者如果能按图索骥，难道不能得到五六成吗？只是痈疽这一证候，实在是极其危险的疾病，竟然完全没有所谓的‘热治’方剂，后学有什么可考证依据的呢？况且近代有不幸罹患此病的人，多发生于阴证，如忧虑郁结、色欲过度、阳气衰弱、营卫不调，不是阴类吗？我冒犯非议，撰写《辨疑论》，仍将常用且有效的方剂，详细叙述在后面。于是想请工匠刻印，以广泛传播。希望不吝惜一言，给予即可，那这就是不费财物的恩惠，难道是很浅薄的吗？弥忠当不避文辞之拙，而此论不必凭借文采而远传，于是写下这些文字。淳祐壬寅年秋季十六日，端明殿学士金紫光禄大夫致仕史弥忠序。”
李世英跋语说：我年纪已过七十，行医五十多年，耳闻目见，受此病的人，十人中仅有二三可以保全生命。因为此病有阴阳、缓急的不同。大概医者如果不决断，会使病人惶恐恐惧。世英仅将家传积世秘效的方书，参考古今诸家的论述，并亲自承袭前辈各位老先生的指点印证，编纂成一册，命名为《痈疽辨疑论》。其实只想辨明阴阳的疑惑，其次确定用药剂的轻重，不敢说是赘言。更希望四方高明之士，洞察此书，或许言语未能尽善，全部加以考证，庶几能得到旨意要领恰当。想要广泛流传，深深希望家家都知晓，人人都会处理。或者城邑市井，还可以找医生；或者道路阻隔，深山沼泽，忽然感染此病，仓促之间，来不及找医生。只要将此书详细阅览，先辨别阴阳，随证施治，庶几不至于阴阳错谬，一举获得康宁，作为利益的小补充吧。当时大岁壬寅淳祐二年仲冬最后一天，雪岩李世英少颖书写。
〔陈氏（自明）外科精要〕《医藏目录》三卷 存世
陈自明序言说：凡是痈疽的疾病，比其他疾病最残酷。圣人将其推为杂病之首。自古以来虽然有疡医这一科，以及《鬼遗方》等论述，后人不能深入探究，于是这些方术沦没，转而迷失方向。如今乡间多是下等人，专门攻习这一科。然而沾染此病的，又多是有钱有势的人。《内经》说：大凡痈疮，多生于吃精细食物的人。我家世代从事大方脉（内科），每见沾染此病的人，十人中仅存一二。大概医者很少有精妙能深入研究方论的。问读他们的书，又不能探求深奥隐秘的道理。等到临病之际，仓促之间，无非是对着病症翻阅方书，遍试各种药物，何况能治疗痈疽，持刀割补，调理折伤，攻治牙病痔疮，大多是庸俗不通文理的人。一见文章繁杂，立刻厌恶抛弃。病家又拿着方论来诘难他们，致使医者像鼯鼠一样技穷，心中惶惑。当下该做的不做，犹豫不决，拖延日久，致使轻者变重，重者死亡。又常见生疽的病人，隐瞒忌讳的多，不喜欢别人谈论。所以痈疽发病，只喜欢说只是小小的疖毒而已。等到病情严重，就导致无法救治。又有病家猜忌鄙陋，吝惜花费巨大，不肯请明白通达的医生，而甘心把性命交给庸俗之手。或者有医者，用心不良，贪图钱财利益，不肯立即投用确实能攻治病邪的药剂，唯恐见效快而没有所得，是祸害不极至，功劳就不大了。又有固执于一两个药方，而完全没有变通的。又有应当先用而后下的，应当后下而先用的。（多见一种病初起，就令多服排脓内补十宣散，反而加重病情。此药是破后排脓内补的药，而洪内翰未理解用药的意思，而妄为序跋，误导天下后世的人很多了。陈无择说：应当在第四节用，是对的。）又有得到一两个方子，以为秘传，唯恐别人知道。高贵之人，不见药味，而不肯信服的人很多了。又有自知众人曾使用已有效的方子，而改易其名，称为秘方。或妄增药味，以迷惑大众听闻，反而无效的，也很多了。这类人，都是含灵众生中的巨贼，哪里值得与之相对。又有道听途说的人，远来问病，自我逞能，假装明理，谈说异端。有的说是虚证，有的说是实证。出示一个方子，极力言说奇效，奏报在某处有效。这类人，都是阿谀奉承，其实都未曾经历过一个病，起初毫无长处。病家没有主见，容易动摇困惑，想要速效，又喜欢不费资财，更不等待医者商议，可服不可服，就想投药，突然招致祸患，各自走散。古人说：贫无达士将金赠，病有闲人说药方。这是世间的通病，历代不能革除。凡是痈疽的疾病，真如草寇，不守法度，出人意料的凶暴。对待它稍宽纵，就会杀人纵火，无可怀疑。凡是治疗这种病，不可以礼法对待，仍然要便服一两个紧要经效的药物，把定脏腑，外用针灸，以泄毒气。其势稍定，然后详细观察方论，或者命令医者，详细察定名称。是痈是疽，是虚是实，是冷是热，或重或轻，对证用药，不失先后次序。病人不必忧惶，医者确执己见，不可妄立名色，惊慌惑乱，收效必然。如近代名医李嗣立、伍起予、曾孚先辈，编集上古得效方论要诀。我趁闲暇日子，采摭群言，自立要领，或先或后，不失次序。其中重复繁文者删去，取其言简意尽，纲领节目，整齐不紊。庶几览者，如指诸掌。虽然不能完全达到圣人的万一，使临病之际，便有所主张，不至于渴了才挖井，斗了才铸兵的吧。时景定癸亥年孟秋，宝唐习医陈自明良甫序。
〔朱氏（震亨）外科精要发挥〕已佚
接上见于宋濂《丹溪朱公石表》。
〔熊氏（宗立）外科精要附遗〕三卷 存世
〔薛氏（己）校注外科精要〕三卷 存世
薛己序言说：外科，大概是指疮疡门而言。上古没有外科专名，实际产生于末世。后人便因此分为内外两科。兹外科乃是宋代陈良甫先生所著。虽然以疡科命名其书，但其治法，固多符合内外之道。如作渴、泄泻、灸法等论述，诚有阐发《内经》微旨的地方，几乎贯穿古今所未曾谈及的。可以传给万世，而没有弊端。只是其他所设方药，也不无适宜于昔而不适宜于今的。不是先生的医术不够精要。良由今人所禀赋，远远不及古人。即使先生至今还在，也不得不因时而损益了。我当时自忘浅薄鄙陋，随意模仿原本所具备而未详尽的部分，断以愚意而折衷之。仍其旧名，厘定为四卷。其补录一卷，则出于我的管见。同志希望不要责怪其僭越，而进献其所未达到的地方。嘉靖丁未年春月吉日，奉政大夫太医院使致仕昊郡薛己谨序。
〔外科精要补〕一卷 存世
〔窦氏（杰）疮疡经验全书〕《医藏目录》十二卷 存世
申时行序言说：宋朝有窦汉卿者，以疡医身份在庆历祥符年间行医。诏令治疗太子疾病，召入仁智殿下讯问。不久太子病愈，随即嘉奖慰劳他。封为太师，以国老称呼。于是命令制定诸方，以弘扬救济寰宇内外。一时神乎其术的人，都知道有窦氏疡医了。然而他的书流传于世的，分析种种，绘图定方，具有法度，确实是利人的妙术，济世的宏规。我朝以来，家有传本。其方多有效验。裔孙楠续授太医院医士。其子梦麟术业更加精巧，声名显赫。于是辑录遗书，重新增补经验诸方，刻印发行于世。大概追溯汉卿为合肥人，曾经游历江湖，遇到一位高人，而其技艺更加神奇。则医业的精进，确实不是偶然的了。梦麟号仲泉，现今家在无锡，与华太学复阳交游。复阳是秋官补庵公的儿子。近来来到京师，能够详细讲述。
四库全书提要说：《疳疡经验全书》十三卷，旧本题宋窦汉卿撰。卷首署燕山窦汉卿。而申时行序，考《宋艺文志》，不载此书，仅有《窦太师子午流注》一卷，也不详窦为何名。怀疑其说出于附会。且其中治验，都是梦麟自己所陈述。或许就是梦麟私撰，托名乃祖。清朝康熙丁酉年，歙县人洪瞻岩重刊，却说：得到宋刻秘本校勘。这大概是虚词。
按：窦杰是金末人，事迹详细记载于《明堂经脉类》。申氏的说法荒谬得很。
〔胡氏（元庆）痈疽神秘灸经〕《医藏目录》一卷 存世
杨子成序言说：人具备五脏的形体，而气血的运行，必须有东西来疏载它。它的流布则称为历、循、经、至、抵。它的交际点，则称为会、过、行、达。概而言之就是十二经。十二经左右手足，各备阴阳者三。阴右而阳左。阳顺施而阴逆施。以三阳言之，则太阳、少阳、阳明，则阳有太少之分了。而有阳明者，取阴阳合明之意。以三阴言之，则太阴、少阴、厥阴，阴既有太少之分了。又有厥阴者，取两阴交会之义。不仅经有十二条，还有系络，系络的数量为三百六十五，用来依附经络而行，周流不息。若阴阳维跷冲带六脉，都有所系属。唯有任督二经，则包乎腹背，而有专穴。诸经满而溢者受之，起初不可常而忽焉。宜与诸经并论。通考其穴，三百五十七个。这是人身正常的遍数。概因经血所滞，发而为痈疽，为疔疖。这都是气血不能通畅的缘故。纵观诸经，传变不一。是经之滞，应当审察何经所发，何穴所滞。辨视其穴，则用火攻之，疏其源流，而无停滞。犹如沟渠堵塞庭院之水泛滥。现在胡元庆先生深究妙理，周遍玄微。于是辑录十二经所滞之穴，毫端妙理，用以广生民之福，同跻仁寿之域。至正甲子年，永昌杨子成序。
〔薛氏（己）痈疽神秘灸经校补〕一卷 存世
〔齐氏（德之）外科精义〕《国史经籍志》二卷 存世
齐德之说：医者，是人的司命。脉，是医的大业。大概医家如果不明脉，就如同在黑暗中摸索路途，动不动就颠覆。大方脉、妇人小儿风科，必先诊脉，后对证处方。唯独疮科的流派，多有不诊其脉候，专门攻治外表的。或者有证候疑难，另招方脉诊察，于疮科之辈，甘愿承担浅陋之名。唉，其见识如此渺小。推究疮肿的产生，皆由阴阳不和，血气凝滞。若不诊候，怎么知道阴阳勇怯，血气聚散呢？由此看来，则须相信治疗疮肿，在诊候之道上，不可缺失。纵观古今治疗疮肿方书甚多，其间诊候之法，简略而未详尽，比起诸科，很有灭裂之处。我虽不才，辄取《黄帝素问》、《难经》、《灵枢》、《甲乙》，以及叔和、仲景、扁鹊、华佗、《千金》、《外台》、《圣惠》、《总录》，古今名医诸家方论之中，诊候疮肿之说，简编类次，贯成篇帙。首载诊候入式之法，次论血气色脉参应之源，后明脉之名状，所主证候，及疮肿逆从之方。庶使为疮肿科者，览此则判然可晓，胸中毫无凝滞。一朝临疾，诊候至此，则察逆从，决成败，若黑白之易分耳。
四库全书提要说：《外科精义》二卷，元代齐德之撰。德之始末不详。惟其结衔，称医学博士充御药院外科太医。此编先论后方，于疮肿诊候，浅深虚实，最为详尽。考《周礼·天官》，疡医掌肿疡、溃疡、金疡、折疡之祝药、杀之剂。注曰：刳，谓刮去脓血。杀，谓以药食其恶肉。又曰：凡疗疡以五毒攻之。注曰：今医方有五毒之药，合黄雌鸡、石胆、丹砂、雄黄、矾石、磁石其中，烧之三日三夜。其烟上着，以鸡羽扫取之，以注恶肉破骨则尽出。又曰：以五气养之，以五药疗之，以五味节之。注曰：既刳杀而攻尽其宿肉，乃养之也。五气，当作五谷。字之误也。
Collected and compiled from the *Yongle Dadian* (Encyclopedia of the Yongle Era), it was edited into one volume. Among them, the formulas for *Maifan Shigao* (Wheat Meal Stone Paste) and *Shenyi Gao* (Miraculous Ointment) are the most miraculous among all formulas, but they were accidentally lost in the *Yongle Dadian*.
Now, based on *Su Shen Liang Fang* (Good Prescriptions by Su and Shen) and Wei Yilin's *De Xiao Fang* (Effective Prescriptions), they have been supplemented. Additionally, *Chishui Yuanzhu* (Pearl of Chishui) also records the formula for *Shenyi Gao*, which differs slightly from that in *De Xiao Fang*. They are now listed side by side for reference.
[Note: According to *Wenxian Tongkao* (Comprehensive Examination of Literature), it is also written as Li Xun. The error of writing it as Li Yi appears in *Guoshi Jingjizhi* (Bibliography of National History), and the preface states that the verification is lost.)
[*Wu Shi Waike Xinshu* (New Book of External Medicine by Wu)] (Previously erroneously written as "Qi Zi") Recorded in Song Dynasty Bibliographies, one volume. Lost.
Preface by Zou Yinglong says: Generally speaking, carbuncles and sores (Yongju, a category of suppurative diseases) occurring on the back are extremely critical illnesses. Most lead to untreatable conditions; is this merely fate? However, there are methods to save lives, which cannot be cured solely by applying ointments or powders. Upon initial detection, moxa cones should be applied at the head of the lesion to vent the accumulated toxic heat (Yun Du), allowing the pathogenic factors (Du Wa) to be expelled quickly, thereby preventing internal erosion. This method does not apply to the head and neck. This is the method of regeneration. Besides moxibustion, there are miraculous formulas. Qi Yu has used them repeatedly with success. He dares not keep them secret, but wishes to spread them widely. On the first day of the tenth month of the Dingmao year of Kaixi, Zou Yinglong, Judicial Intendant of Jiangxi West Circuit, wrote the preface and postscript, which were printed at the beginning of the book. (*Waike Jingyao*)
[*Wuming Shi Waike Jiyao Fang* (Accumulated Essential Formulas for External Medicine by an Anonymous Author)] Lost.
Note: The above is cited in Zhu's *Jiyan Fang* (Verified Prescriptions).
[*Zhang Shi (Yundao) Waike Bao'an Yaoyong Fang* (Essential Useful Formulas for Securing Health in External Medicine by Zhang Yundao)] Recorded in Song Dynasty Bibliographies, five volumes (Recorded as three volumes in *Shulu Tiejing*). Lost.
Chen Zhensun said: *Waike Bao'an Fang* (External Medicine Security Formula), three volumes. It is a family collection of formulas by Zhang Yundao of Boshe, Xinghua Army. Gong Maoliang, Vice Minister of Revenue, and Liu Su, Historiographer, wrote prefaces and postscripts for it.
[*Wuming Shi Wufang Lun* (Discussion on Five Eruptions by an Anonymous Author)] One volume in *Shulu Tiejing*. Lost.
Chen Zhensun said: *Wufang Lun*, one volume. The author is unknown. It was also recorded by Wu Huifu.
[*Li Shi (Shiying) Yongju Biyi Lun* (Discussion on Doubts and Confusions regarding Carbuncles and Sores by Li Shiying)] Two volumes. Extant.
Preface by Shi Mizhong says: I once read *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Symptoms of All Diseases), written by Chao Yuanfang and others during the Daye era of the Sui Dynasty. Its discussions on various manifestations of carbuncles and sores are indeed based on ancient books, but it only determines the inevitable time of death for patients without showing them methods to save their lives. Then, what is the benefit of this book circulating in the world, causing those who see it to shudder with fear? Recently, Chen Wuyue's *Sanyin Fang* (Three Causes Prescriptions) has become popular. The concept that diseases have three causes actually originates from *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet) and is not a speculative theory. In its discussion of carbuncles and sores, it states that if Yin stagnates in Yang, a carbuncle (Yong, characterized by superficial, red, hot swelling) develops; if Yang stagnates in Yin, a sore (Ju, characterized by deep, dark, cold induration) develops. These two types of toxins can appear anywhere and are distinguished by pulse diagnosis. Floating, surging, slippery, and rapid pulses indicate Yang patterns; fine, deep, slow, and choppy pulses indicate Yin patterns. Yin patterns are treated with heat, and Yang patterns are treated with cold. This is clear and simple. However, examining the formulas used, doubts arise. For example, the formulas of *Ruxiang Lianqiao Tang* (Frankincense and Forsythia Decoction) and *Luluo Er Tang* (Two Decoctions of Rhizoma Euphorbiae Humilis), as well as the *Neibu San* (Internal Tonifying Powder) prefaced by Chancellor Hong, explicitly state that one cannot adhere strictly to this single method for universal application. It is said that for internal causes, *Yuanzhi* (Radix Polygalae) is used; for external causes, *Dahuang* (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) is used; for neither internal nor external causes, *Gancao* (Radix Glycyrrhizae) is used. The so-called "treating Yin with heat" initially had no specific formula mentioned. Later, although the *Naisai San* (Internal Obstruction Powder) formula uses *Fuzi* (Prepared Radix Aconiti Lateralis), it is only applied when the fever subsides and pus and blood continue to flow, not during the initial onset of the disease. Thus, the theory of treating with heat seems to have fallen into silence and left no trace. My younger brother, Dingshu, contracted this illness after suffering from polydipsia (Xiao Ke, wasting-thirst syndrome) for years. Within a few days, he swelled up like a cup, a very alarming situation. We dared not lightly use external treatments. Father, son, and brothers consulted together. Only Dr. Li, a senior imperial physician experienced and mature, could be entrusted with this matter. We invited him with respect. Upon arrival, he diagnosed the pulse and observed the symptoms, then raised his hand in congratulation, saying, "This is a Yin pattern." He saw it clearly and advised against undue worry. He simply recommended preparing large amounts of *Xionghuang* (Realgar) and *Fuzi*. After taking the medicine for a few days, the patient felt extreme irritability and demanded ice water, washing his hands and face, and even called his sons forward to admonish Dr. Li, saying, "You are killing me with Fuzi. If I die, will you not let my children seek revenge?" Dr. Li just smiled and agreed. Reluctantly, he replied, "I will stop this medicine tonight." Afterwards, he told the sons, "Now is precisely the time to administer Fuzi. If we stop, there is no other medicine to give. Moreover, the patient's diet and spirit remain normal. The ulcer has burst, and the pus flows like a spring; these are favorable signs. Is this not the merit of administering Fuzi? Use Fuzi alone, mixed slightly with other agents so that the taste is unrecognizable, and this will suffice." The sons followed his advice, and complete recovery was achieved. The illness lasted several months, and over three hundred units of Fuzi were used, all witnessed by me. Had Dr. Li lacked firm conviction and resolve initially, would it not have been dangerous? I particularly regret that Chen Wuyue's *Sanyin Fang* did not include formulas for heat treatment. Dr. Li has practiced external medicine for generations, learned from Master Lu Conglao in his youth, possesses clear insight as if seeing through lungs and bowels, and prescribes medicines accurately as if hitting the bullseye. In his later years, he became unparalleled in our region. One day, he told me, "I am old and reluctant to go out. However, medical literature is more abundant today than ever. If scholars search according to diagrams, can they not obtain fifty to sixty percent? But carbuncles and sores are extremely critical illnesses, yet there is absolutely no mention of 'heat treatment' formulas. How can later learners find references? Moreover, recently, unfortunate patients often present with Yin patterns, such as those caused by worry and depression, excessive sexual activity, weak Yang qi, and disharmony of Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive qi). Are these not Yin categories? I dare to challenge conventional views and wrote *Bi Yi Lun*. I have listed commonly used and effective formulas afterwards. I wish to have them carved and printed to spread them widely. I hope you do not spare a word of advice, which would be a great favor. Mizhong does not shy away from literary expression, but this discussion need not rely on rhetoric to travel far. Thus, I write this. On the sixteenth day of the third lunar month of the Renyin year of Chunyou, Shi Mizhong, Retired Academician of Duanming Hall and Gold Light Purple Envoys, Preface."
Postscript by Li Shiying says: I am past seventy years old and have practiced medicine for over fifty years. From what I have heard and seen, among those suffering from this disease, only two or three out of ten can be saved. This is because the disease varies in Yin/Yang and urgency/slowness. If physicians are indecisive, it causes patients to panic. Shiying has only compiled family-secret effective formulas passed down through generations, referencing theories of ancient and modern masters, and incorporating teachings from senior predecessors, editing them into one volume titled *Yongju Biyi Lun*. Its purpose is merely to clarify doubts about Yin and Yang and determine the weight of medicinal agents, not to add superfluous words. I hope scholars everywhere will examine this book carefully. Perhaps my words are not perfect; please verify and correct them, so that the essential points may be accurate. I wish to spread it widely, hoping every household understands and everyone knows how to handle it. In cities and markets, doctors can be summoned; but on remote roads, in deep mountains and marshes, if one suddenly contracts this disease and cannot find a doctor in haste, one can consult this book, first distinguishing Yin and Yang, then treating according to symptoms. This way, Yin and Yang will not be confused, and health can be restored, providing a small benefit. On the last day of the second lunar month of the Renyin year, second year of Chunyou, Xu Yan Li Shiying Shaoying wrote.
[*Chen Shi (Ziming) Waike Jingyao* (Essentials of External Medicine by Chen Ziming)] Three volumes in *Yicang Mulü*. Extant.
Preface by Chen Ziming says: Among all diseases, carbuncles and sores are the most cruel. Sages regard them as the foremost of miscellaneous diseases. Although there has been a department of Surgeons (Yang Yi) since ancient times, along with treatises like *Gui Yi Fang*, later generations failed to explore them deeply, causing these methods to be lost and leading people astray. Nowadays, many in the countryside are low-class individuals specializing in this field. However, those afflicted are mostly wealthy and noble. The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) states: "Generally, carbuncles and sores often occur in people who consume rich and greasy foods." My family has practiced Internal Medicine (Da Fang Mai) for generations. I often see that among those afflicted, only one or two out of ten survive. This is because few physicians are skilled enough to thoroughly study formulas and theories. Those who read books fail to probe profound mysteries. When facing illness, in haste, they merely match symptoms with formulas and try various drugs indiscriminately. Can they truly treat carbuncles and sores, perform incisions and drainage, treat fractures, or cure dental and hemorrhoidal diseases? Most are vulgar people lacking literary cultivation. Seeing complex texts, they immediately reject them. Patients, holding formulas, question and harass them, leaving physicians helpless and confused. Indecision leads to delays, turning mild cases severe and severe cases fatal. Many patients hide their condition and dislike discussion. Thus, when carbuncles and sores appear, patients claim they are merely minor boils. By the time they become serious, it is too late to save them. Some families, suspicious and stingy about high costs, refuse to hire competent doctors and entrust their lives to quacks. Some physicians act maliciously, seeking profit, refusing to prescribe effective attacking agents immediately, fearing quick cures yield no gain; thus, disaster must be extreme before credit is claimed. Others rigidly stick to one or two formulas without flexibility. Some use descending purgatives before ascending dispersants, or vice versa. (It is common to see patients given large doses of *Paiong Neibu Shixuan San* (Ten-Secrets Internal Tonifying and Pus-Expelling Powder) at the onset, worsening the condition. This formula is for later stages to expel pus and tonify internally. Chancellor Hong misunderstood the usage and wrote a misleading preface, deceiving future generations. Chen Wuyue said it should be used in the fourth stage, which is correct.) Some keep one or two formulas as secrets, afraid others will know. Noble people, unaware of ingredients, often refuse to believe. Some change names of effective public formulas to call them secret recipes, or add herbs to confuse listeners, resulting in inefficacy. Such people are major thieves of living beings, unworthy of respect. There are also rumor-mongers who come from afar to diagnose, pretending to be knowledgeable, discussing heterodox theories, claiming deficiency or excess, presenting a formula with exaggerated claims of efficacy. These people flatter, having never experienced a disease themselves, possessing no skill. Patients, lacking judgment, are easily swayed, seeking quick results without cost, refusing to consult doctors, and impulsively taking medicine, leading to disaster and scattering. As the ancients said: "The poor have no generous friends to gift gold; the sick have idle talkers prescribing remedies." This is a universal ailment of the world, unchangeable through dynasties. Carbuncles and sores are like bandits, lawless and violent. If treated leniently, they kill and destroy. Treating them requires not ritual propriety, but immediate administration of one or two crucial effective drugs to stabilize the Zang-Fu organs, combined with external acupuncture to vent toxic qi. Once stabilized, carefully observe formulas, or instruct physicians to accurately diagnose whether it is a carbuncle or sore, deficiency or excess, cold or heat, severe or mild. Prescribe accordingly, maintaining correct sequence. Patients need not panic; physicians must hold firm to their judgments, avoid creating confusing labels, and prevent chaos. Success is assured. Modern famous physicians like Li Sili, Wu Qiyu, and Zeng Fu compiled essential keys from ancient effective formulas. Taking advantage of leisure, I collected various statements, established main principles, arranged them in order, removed redundancies, and retained concise meanings. The outline and details are orderly. Readers will understand them easily, as if pointing at their palms. Although I cannot fully emulate the sages, this ensures that upon illness, one has a basis, avoiding digging wells only when thirsty or forging weapons only when fighting. In the early autumn of the Guihai year of Jingding, Chen Ziming, Liangfu, a physician from Baotang, Preface.
[*Zhu Shi (Zhenheng) Waike Jingyao Fahui* (Elucidation of Essentials of External Medicine by Zhu Zhenheng)] Lost.
Referenced in Song Lian's *Tablet Inscription for Mr. Danxi Zhu*.
[*Xiong Shi (Zongli) Waike Jingyao Fuyi* (Supplement to Essentials of External Medicine by Xiong Zongli)] Three volumes. Extant.
[*Xue Shi (Ji) Jiaozhu Waike Jingyao* (Annotated Edition of Essentials of External Medicine by Xue Ji)] Three volumes. Extant.
Preface by Xue Ji says: "External Medicine" generally refers to the category of sores and ulcers. In ancient times, there was no specific name for External Medicine; it actually emerged in later eras. Later generations divided it into Internal and External departments. This work on External Medicine was authored by Mr. Chen Liangfu of the Song Dynasty. Although named after the Surgeon Department, its treatment methods largely conform to the unity of internal and external principles. Discussions on thirst, diarrhea, and moxibustion truly elucidate the subtle meanings of the *Neijing*, unprecedented throughout history. It can be transmitted for ten thousand ages without flaw. However, some prescribed drugs may be suitable for the past but not for the present. This is not because Mr. Chen's skills were imprecise, but because people today inherit constitutionally inferior to ancients. Even if Mr. Chen were alive today, he would inevitably adjust treatments according to the times. I, forgetting my shallowness, arbitrarily imitated the original text where it was prepared but incomplete, reconciling it with my humble opinions. Keeping the original title, I organized it into four volumes. The supplementary volume comes from my limited insights. Colleagues, please do not blame my presumption but offer corrections for my shortcomings. On an auspicious day in the spring of the Dingwei year of Jiajing, Xue Ji, Retired Grand Master of the Imperial Hospital, Preface.
[*Waike Jingyao Bu* (Supplement to Essentials of External Medicine)] One volume. Extant.
[*Dou Shi (Jie) Chuangyang Jingquan Quanshu* (Complete Book of Experienced Knowledge on Sores and Ulcers by Dou Jie)] Twelve volumes in *Yicang Mulü*. Extant.
Preface by Shen Shixing says: In the Song Dynasty, there was Dou Hanqing, who practiced as a surgeon between the Qingli and Xiangfu eras. He was summoned by edict to treat the Crown Prince. After being questioned in the Renzhi Hall, the Prince recovered soon after. He was rewarded and titled Grand Preceptor, referred to as a State Elder. He was ordered to formulate prescriptions to benefit the world. At that time, those who revered his skills knew of the Dou Family Surgeon. His books, however, were analyzed in various ways, with diagrams and formulas, possessing strict rules. Indeed, it is a wonderful art benefiting people and a grand track saving the world. Since our dynasty, families have inherited copies. The formulas are mostly effective. His descendant Nan continued as a physician in the Imperial Hospital. His son Menglin's skills became even more refined, gaining great fame. He collected遗 works, added experienced formulas, and published them. Tracing back, Hanqing was from Hefei, traveled rivers and lakes, met a transcendent master, and his skills became more miraculous. Thus, his medical expertise was certainly not accidental. Menglin, courtesy name Zhongquan, currently resides in Wuxi, associating with Hua Taiyue Fuyang. Fuyang is the son of Qiuguan Gong Bu'an. Having recently come to the capital, he could recount these stories in detail.
Summary of the *Siku Quanshu* (Complete Library of Four Treasuries) states: *Chuangyang Jingyan Quanshu* (Complete Book of Experienced Knowledge on Sores and Ulcers), thirteen volumes, traditionally attributed to Dou Hanqing of the Song Dynasty. The title page lists Dou Hanqing of Yanshan. Shen Shixing's preface notes that *Song Yiwenzhi* (Song Bibliography) does not record this book, only *Dou Taishi Ziwu Liuzhu* (Dou the Grand Preceptor's Ziwu Flowing Needle), and does not specify Dou's full name. Suspecting fabrication, and noting that the clinical cases are described by Menglin himself, it is possible that Menglin privately authored it, attributing it to his ancestor. In the Dingyou year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty, Hong Zhanyan of Shexian republished it, claiming to have collated it with a secret Song edition, which is likely false.
Note: Dou Jie was a person of the late Jin Dynasty. His deeds are detailed in *Mingtang Jingmai Lei* (Category of Mingtang Meridians and Collaterals). Shen's statement is highly erroneous.
[*Hu Shi (Yuanqing) Yongju Shenmi Jiu Jing* (Classic of Mysterious Moxibustion for Carbuncles and Sores by Hu Yuanqing)] One volume in *Yicang Mulü*. Extant.
Preface by Yang Zicheng says: Humans possess the form of five Zang organs, and the movement of Qi and Blood must be guided by something. Its flow is called Li, Xun, Jing, Zhi, Di. Its intersections are called Hui, Guo, Xing, Da. Collectively, these are the Twelve Meridians. The Twelve Meridians, left and right, hands and feet, each contain three Yin and Yang aspects. Yin is on the right, Yang on the left. Yang moves clockwise, Yin counter-clockwise. Regarding the Three Yang meridians: Taiyang, Shaoyang, Yangming. Yang has Tai and Shao distinctions. Yangming exists, taking the meaning of Yin-Yang combined brightness. Regarding the Three Yin meridians: Taiyin, Shaoyin, Jueyin. Yin has Tai and Shao distinctions. Jueyin exists, taking the meaning of intersection of two Yins. Not only are there twelve meridians, but also collateral vessels (Xiluo), numbering 365, attaching to meridians and circulating endlessly. The Six Pulse Vessels (Yin, Yang, Wei, Qiao, Chong, Dai) are all connected. Only the Ren and Du meridians envelop the abdomen and back, having specific acupoints. They receive overflow from full meridians. Initially, they should not be neglected. They should be discussed alongside other meridians. Counting all acupoints, there are 357. This is the normal distribution in the human body. Stagnation of meridian blood and Qi manifests as carbuncles, sores, ding sores, and boils. This is due to the inability of Qi and Blood to flow freely. Observing various meridians, transmission varies. Stagnation in a meridian requires determining which meridian is affected and which acupoint is blocked. Examining the acupoint, fire (moxibustion) should be used to attack it, clearing the source and flow, removing stagnation. It is like a blocked canal causing floodwaters to overflow. Now, Mr. Hu Yuanqing deeply explores profound principles and subtle mysteries. He has compiled the stagnant acupoints of the Twelve Meridians, utilizing subtle principles to bless the people, raising them to the realm of benevolence and longevity. In the Jiazi year of Zhizheng, Yang Zicheng of Yongchang, Preface.
[*Xue Shi (Ji) Yongju Shenmi Jiu Jing Jiaobu* (Collated Supplement to Classic of Mysterious Moxibustion for Carbuncles and Sores by Xue Ji)] One volume. Extant.
[*Qi Shi (Dezhi) Waike Jingyi* (Essential Meaning of External Medicine by Qi Dezhi)] Two volumes in *Guoshi Jingjizhi*. Extant.
Qi Dezhi says: Physicians are the governors of life. Pulse diagnosis is the great enterprise of medicine. If physicians do not understand pulses, it is like walking in darkness, prone to disaster. Departments of Internal Medicine, Gynecology, Pediatrics, and Wind diseases must diagnose the pulse before prescribing based on symptoms. Only the流派 of Surgery often neglect pulse diagnosis, focusing solely on external treatment. When symptoms are difficult, they invite Internal Medicine physicians for consultation, accepting the reputation of superficiality. Alas, how narrow-minded! The origin of swellings lies in disharmony of Yin and Yang, and stagnation of Qi and Blood. Without pulse diagnosis, how can one know the strength of Yin/Yang and the gathering/scattering of Qi/Blood? Thus, it must be believed that in treating swellings, pulse diagnosis cannot be omitted. Throughout history, many books on treating swellings exist, but their pulse diagnosis methods are brief and incomplete compared to other departments. Though incompetent, I have selected pulse diagnosis theories for swellings from *Huangdi Suwen*, *Nanjing*, *Lingshu*, *Jiayi*, and works by Hehu, Zhang Zhongjing, Bian Que, Hua Tuo, *Qianjin*, *Waitai*, *Shenghui*, *Zonglu*, and other ancient and modern masters. I have compiled and organized them into chapters. First, the standard methods of pulse diagnosis; second, the sources of correspondence between Qi, Blood, complexion, and pulse; third, the names and characteristics of pulses, associated symptoms, and prognostic indicators for swellings. May practitioners of surgery, upon reading this, understand clearly, with no confusion in their minds. When facing illness, using this pulse diagnosis, distinguishing favorable/unfavorable outcomes and predicting success/failure will be as easy as distinguishing black from white.
Summary of the *Siku Quanshu* states: *Waike Jingyi*, two volumes, authored by Qi Dezhi of the Yuan Dynasty. Details of Dezhi's life are unknown. His title indicates he was a Doctor of Medicine serving as External Imperial Physician in the Imperial Medicament Bureau. This work discusses theory before formulas, providing the most detailed analysis of pulse diagnosis for swellings, including depth, emptiness, and deficiency/excess. Consulting *Rites of Zhou - Heavenly Office*, Surgeons managed swellings, ulcers, traumatic wounds, and fractures, using medicaments to scrape pus/blood (*Ku*) and cauterize bad flesh (*Sha*). Note: *Ku* means scraping away pus and blood; *Sha* means using medicine to eat away necrotic tissue. Also: "To treat sores, attack with five poisons." Note: Current medical formulas use five poisonous drugs, combining yellow hen, stibnite, cinnabar, realgar, alum, and magnetite, firing them for three days and nights. The smoke deposits on chicken feathers, which are swept off and applied to necrotic tissue to expel bone decay. Also: "Nourish with five Qi, treat with five drugs, regulate with five flavors." Note: After scraping and attacking to remove old tissue, nourishment begins. "Five Qi" should be "Five Grains," a textual error.