本。不知慎微何许人。而晁公武所云三十二卷者。殆合目录计之。亦未见政和所刻也。然考赵与时宾退录则称唐
慎微蜀州晋原人。所序履贯小异。岂虚中儿时见之。但知其寄籍欤。大德中所刻大观本作三十一卷。与艾晟所言
合泰和中所刻政和本。则以第三十一卷移于三十卷之前。合为一卷。已非大观之旧。又有大定己酉麻革及刘祁跋。
并称平阳张存惠增入冠宗 本草衍义。则益非慎微之旧。然考大德所刻大观本。亦增宗 衍义。与泰和本同。盖
元代重刻。又从金本录入也。今以二本互校。大德本于朱书墨盖。（案原本每条称墨盖。以下为慎微所续。其式
如今刻工所称之鱼尾。）较为分明。则泰和本为胜。今以泰和本着录大德本则附见其名于此。不别存目焉。
殷玉裁曰。果人之字。自宋元以前。本草方书。诗歌纪载。无不作人字。自明成化本草。乃尽改为仁字。于
理不通。金泰和间所刊本草。皆作人。藏袁廷 所。（说文解字注）
按余家藏元大德壬寅宗文书院刊大观本草。纸刻精良。不逊宋椠。中避孝宗嫌名。知是传刻南宋本者。而至
衍义则实不录入。明代俗刻。取大德之题识。以冠魏卿之本。其妄亦甚。四库提要所云元代重刻。又从金本录入
者。盖以不见大德原刊之故耳。
〔王氏（继先）绍兴校定经史证类备急本草〕书录解题二十二卷（玉海作三十二卷）阙
序曰。臣闻本草者。神农之书也。后世宗而行之。以为大典。盖悯有生之札瘥。思药石以拯济。而功莫大焉。
上下数千百年。罔敢失坠。及嬴秦焚先代之典籍。而此经混于医十之书。得不发奈何。汉晋之季。文籍散失。神
农传经所存者。仅三卷。药止三百六十五种。致使后世不见圣人之全经。惜哉。梁陶氏隐居。高尚本神农旧经。
附名医别录。朱墨分别。别举科条。又加注文。然而独智目思。偏方寡见。得失相半。逮唐之兴。苏恭表请修定。
增益虽多。附会或紊。损益不分。寒热莫辨。洪惟皇宋隆兴。真人出宁。泽及四海。其仁如天。开宝中命卢多逊
等重定嘉 中诏掌禹锡等补注。陈承着立别说大观中唐慎微集为证类。谨详古今注说。诸家论议。纷纭绪乱。异
同颇多。虽唐注摭陶氏乖违。而反有阙失。今注举唐注谬误。而间有未书彼是此非。互相矛盾。考禹锡补注慎微
证类。又不过备录诸家异同。亦不能断其是非。其中性寒之物。而或云治寒。性热之物。而或云治热。或补药云
泻。或泻药云补。其辨冬热补泻之性。理实倒置。及物之有毒者。或云无毒。物之无毒者。而或云有毒。其辨有
毒无毒之性。义亦相反。以至某药在诸方常用之验。而经注前后之未载。某药合外用与服饵之宜。而辨用的当之
未当。传之既久。朱墨杂糅。不可概举。执而用之。所误至大。天下后世。何所折衷。举而正之。在于今日。恭
惟圣主中兴。好生之德。寝兵措刑。固足以跻民于寿域。而俾无横夭之患矣。然且宸心轸虑。以谓本草之书。经
注异同。治说讹谬。于是举祖宗开宝嘉 之故事。诏臣等俾校定。仰以见圣人仁德之至也。今敢不研精覃思。博
采方术。参校诸家。别其同异。若夫物性寒热补泻。有毒无毒。或理之倒置。
义之相反者。辨其指归。务从主当。形像则本旧绘。画以大纲。取识则下敢臆说。执以有据。考名方三百余首。
证舛错八千余字。而使用之者不惑。施之者必验。可以跻上寿。可以致十全。上裨圣政之万一。下以传之于将来。
岂曰小补之哉。臣等诚惶诚恐。顿首谨言。绍兴二十九年二月上进。
张仲文曰。绍兴间医官王继先。以显仁太后初御慈宁宫。春秋高。每违豫。服其药随愈。赖是优游东朝。享
康宁之福。几二十稔。克副高宗事亲之孝。继先之功也。故恩礼特异。官至正任承宣。已而继先恃宠席势。福自
己所为有不可于众。而举朝阿附之不暇。至有称门生者。后太后上仙。继先自是眷遇日衰。竟黜福州以卒。（白
獭髓）
陈振孙曰。绍兴校定本草二十二卷。医官王继先等奉诏撰。绍兴二十九年上之。刻板修内司。每药为数语辨
说。浅俚无高论。
王应麟曰。绍兴二十七年八月十五日王继先上校定大观证类本草三十二卷。释音一卷。诏秘省修润付胄监镂
板行之。
本条论述《本草》相关版本的源流与校勘。不知慎微是何处人，但晁公武所说的三十二卷本，大概是合并目录计算的结果，也没有见到政和年间所刻的版本。然而考证赵与时在《宾退录》中的记载，称唐慎微是蜀州晋原人，其生平履历略有不同。难道是虚中儿时见过此书，只知道他是寄居在此吗？大德年间所刻的《大观本草》为三十一卷，与艾晟所言相符。泰和年间所刻的《政和本草》，则将第三十一卷移至第三十卷之前，合并为一卷，已不是《大观本草》的旧貌。又有大定己酉年麻革及刘祁的跋文，并称平阳张存惠增入了寇宗奭的《本草衍义》，这就更加不是唐慎微的原貌了。然而考证大德年间所刻的《大观本草》，也增入了寇宗奭的《衍义》，与泰和本相同。大概是元代重刻时，又从金代版本录入的缘故。现在以这两个版本互相对校，大德本对于朱书墨盖（案：原本每条称为墨盖，以下是唐慎微所续的内容，其格式如同如今刻工所称的鱼尾）较为分明，则泰和本更为优胜。现在以泰和本著录，大德本则附见其名于此，不另立条目。
殷玉裁说：“果”字的人字旁，自宋元以前，本草方书、诗歌记载，无不写作“人”字。自明代成化年间的《本草》，才全部改为“仁”字，于理不通。金泰和年间所刊印的本草，都写作“人”字，收藏于袁廷梼处。（出自《说文解字注》）
按：我家收藏有元代大德壬寅年宗文书院刊印的《大观本草》，纸张雕刻精良，不逊于宋版。书中避讳宋孝宗的名讳，可知这是传刻南宋版本的。而其中并未录入《衍义》。明代俗刻，取用大德本的题识，冠于魏之瑞（字卿）之本上，其妄谬也很严重。《四库全书提要》所说“元代重刻，又从金本录入”，大概是因为没有见到过大德原刊本的原因罢了。
〔王氏（继先）绍兴校定经史证类备急本草〕《书录解题》二十二卷（《玉海》作三十二卷），缺。
序言说：臣听说《本草》是神农氏的著作。后世尊崇并施行它，将其视为大典。大概是怜悯众生的疫病灾荒，想用药石来拯救救济，功效没有比这更大的了。上下数千年，没有人敢使其失传。等到秦始皇焚烧前代的典籍，而这部经典混杂在医家的书籍中，得以保存下来，难道不是幸事吗？汉晋末年，文献散失，神农传授的经典所存的，仅有三卷，药物只有三百六十五种，致使后世看不见圣人的完整经典，可惜啊。梁朝的陶弘景隐居，高尚地遵循神农旧经，附上《名医别录》，用红黑两色分别标注，另举科条，又加注文。然而凭借一己之智思考，见识偏狭，得失各半。到了唐朝兴起，苏恭上表请求修定，增益虽然多，但附会之处有时混乱，损益不分，寒热难辨。伟大的皇宋隆兴年间，真人出世安宁，恩泽遍及四海，其仁爱如天。开宝年间命令卢多逊等人重新审定；嘉祐年间诏令掌禹锡等人补注；陈承建立新的说法；大观年间唐慎微集成为《证类本草》，详细考察古今注说，诸家议论纷纭杂乱，异同很多。虽然唐代注释指责陶弘景的违误，反而有所缺失。现在的注释指出唐代注释的错误，但间或有未说明彼是此非，互相矛盾。考证掌禹锡的补注和唐慎微的《证类》，也不过是备录诸家的异同，也不能判断其是非。其中性寒的药物，有的却说治疗寒症；性热的药物，有的却说治疗热症；有的补药却说泻，有的泻药却说补，辨别冬夏补泻的性质，道理实在颠倒。至于有毒之物，有的说无毒；无毒之物，有的却说有毒，辨别有毒无毒的性质，意义也相反。以至于某药在许多方剂中常用的疗效，而经文注释前后未记载；某药适合外用还是内服，而辨别是否得当不明确。流传既久，朱墨混杂，不可一一列举。固执地使用它，造成的错误极大，天下后世，何处去折中评判？纠正这些，就在今天。恭敬地仰仗圣主中兴，好生之德，停止战争，搁置刑罚，本来足以使百姓进入长寿之境，免除横死夭折的祸患。然而皇上内心深切忧虑，认为《本草》一书，经文注释的异同，治疗说法的讹误，于是举祖宗开宝、嘉祐的先例，诏令臣等校对审定，以此彰显圣人仁德的极致。臣等怎敢不精心研究，深入思考，广泛采集方术，参考各家，区别同异。至于药物的性质寒热补泻，有毒无毒，或是道理颠倒、意义相反的，辨别其旨归，务必从主恰当。形象则依据旧绘，画出大纲；获取知识则不敢臆测，执持有据。考证名方三百余首，校正错漏八千余字，从而使使用者不迷惑，施治者必有效，可以使人达到高寿，可以达到十全十美，对上有助于圣政的万一，对下可以传给将来，难道只是小小的补充吗？臣等诚惶诚恐，叩头谨言。绍兴二十九年二月进献。
张仲文说：绍兴年间，医官王继先，因为显仁太后刚入住慈宁宫，年纪大了，经常身体不适，服用他的药随即痊愈。依靠这个，太后在东朝悠闲度日，享受康宁的福气，将近二十年，能够符合宋高宗侍奉双亲的孝心，这是王继先的功劳。所以恩礼特别优异，官职升至正任承宣。不久后，王继先依仗宠信和权势，福分源于他自己所做的不被大众认可的事，而满朝文武阿谀依附还来不及，甚至有自称门生的。后来太后去世，王继从此受到眷顾待遇日益衰落，最终被贬至福州而死。（出自《白獭髓》）
陈振孙说：《绍兴校定本草》二十二卷，由医官王继先等人奉诏撰写，绍兴二十九年进献。刻板在修内司。每味药仅有几句话的辨析解说，浅陋俚俗，没有高论。
王应麟说：绍兴二十七年八月十五日，王继先上呈校定的《大观证类本草》三十二卷，《释音》一卷，诏令秘书省润色后交付胄监镂板发行。
Ben (Root/Origin). It is unknown where Shen Wei was from. The thirty-two volumes mentioned by Chao Gongwu were likely calculated including the catalog, and the Zhenghe edition has not been seen. However, according to Zhao Yu-shi's *Bin Tui Lu* (*Records of Retiring in Leisure*), Tang Shenwei was a native of Jinyuan, Shuzhou. His biographical details differ slightly. Did Xuzhong see it in his childhood and only knew he was residing there? The Dagde edition of *Daguan Bencao* (*Great View Materia Medica*) printed during the Dade era consists of thirty-one volumes, consistent with Ai Sheng's statement. The Zhenghe edition printed during the Taihe era moved the thirty-first volume before the thirtieth, merging them into one volume, which no longer reflects the original form of *Daguan*. There are also postscripts by Ma Ge and Liu Qi dated to the Jiyou year of the Dading era, stating that Zhang Cunhui of Pingyang added Kou Zongshi's *Bencao Yan Yi* (*Elucidations on Materia Medica*). Thus, it is even less the original work of Shenwei. However, examining the Dagde edition of *Daguan*, it also includes *Yan Yi*, same as the Taihe edition. This is likely because the Yuan dynasty reprint incorporated content from Jin editions. Comparing these two editions, the Dagde edition clearly distinguishes the Zhu Shu Mo Gai (Red Ink and Black Ink Covers, a printing mark used by Tang Shenwei for supplementary notes, formatted like the fish-tail marks used by later printers), making the Taihe edition superior. Therefore, the Taihe edition is recorded here, with the Dagde edition listed as an appendix under its name, without a separate entry.
Yin Yuzai stated: "The radical 'person' (ren) in the character 'guo' was written as 'person' in all materia medica, prescriptions, poetry, and records before the Song and Yuan dynasties. Since the Chenghua era of the Ming dynasty, it was entirely changed to 'benevolence' (ren), which is illogical. All Bencao printed during the Taihe period of the Jin dynasty used 'person'. These are collected by Yuan Tingtao." (From *Shuowen Jiezi Zhu*)
Note: My family possesses the Daguan Bencao (*Great View Materia Medica*) printed by the Zongshu Academy in Renyin year of the Dade era (Yuan dynasty). The paper and carving are exquisite, comparable to Song editions. It avoids the taboo name of Emperor Xiaozong of Song, indicating it is a reprint of a Southern Song edition. However, it does not include *Yan Yi*. Vulgar Ming editions took the colophon from the Dagde edition and prefixed it to the work of Wei Zhiqing (Zi Qing), which is highly erroneous. The statement in the *Siku Quanshu Tiyao* (*Synopsis of the Complete Library of Four Treasuries*) that "the Yuan dynasty reprinted it and incorporated content from Jin editions" is likely due to the compilers not having seen the original Dagde edition.
[Shaoxing Revised Jing Shi Zheng Lei Bei Ji Bencao (*Comprehensive Illustrated Emergency Materia Medica Based on Classics and History, Revised in the Shaoxing Era*) by Wang (Jixian)] *Shu Lu Jie Ti* (*Bibliographic Notes*) records 22 volumes (Yu Hai states 32 volumes). Missing.
Preface states: I have heard that Bencao (*Materia Medica*) is the work of Shennong. Later generations revered and practiced it as a grand canon. This was out of compassion for the epidemics and disasters afflicting living beings, seeking to save them with medicinal herbs and stones, achieving great merit. For thousands of years, no one dared to let it be lost. When Qin Shi Huang burned the classics of previous dynasties, this classic survived mixed among medical texts, which was fortunate. In the late Han and Jin dynasties, literature was scattered; only three volumes of Shennong's transmitted classics remained, containing only 365 types of drugs. Thus, later generations could not see the complete classic of the Sage, what a pity! Tao Hongjing of the Liang Dynasty, living in seclusion with noble integrity, followed the old Shennong classic, appended the *Bielu of Famous Doctors*, distinguished them with red and black ink, established new categories, and added annotations. However, relying on solitary wisdom and limited vision, gains and losses were equal. When the Tang Dynasty rose, Su Gong petitioned for revision. Although many additions were made, some interpolations caused confusion, failing to distinguish between additions and deletions, and blurring cold and hot properties. Greatly, in the Longxing era of our august Song Dynasty, the True Person emerged bringing peace, his grace reaching the four seas, his benevolence like heaven. During the Kaibao era, Lu Duoxun and others were ordered to revise; during the Jiayou era, Zhang Yuxi was ordered to supplement and annotate; Chen Cheng established new theories; during the Daguan era, Tang Shenwei compiled the *Zheng Lei* (*Verified Categories*). Carefully examining ancient and modern annotations and various discussions, opinions were chaotic with many similarities and differences. Although Tang annotations criticized Tao Hongjing's errors, they themselves had omissions. Current annotations point out Tang errors but sometimes fail to clarify right and wrong, leading to contradictions. Examining Zhang Yuxi's supplements and Tang Shenwei's *Zheng Lei*, they merely record various differences without judging right or wrong. Some cold-natured drugs are said to treat cold conditions; some hot-natured drugs are said to treat heat conditions; some tonifying drugs are described as purgative, some purgative drugs as tonifying. The distinction of winter/summer tonification/purgation properties is logically inverted. Regarding toxic substances, some are called non-toxic; non-toxic substances are called toxic. The distinction of toxicity is semantically opposite. Furthermore, efficacy commonly verified in many formulas is unrecorded in previous annotations; suitability for external use versus internal administration is not properly judged. After long transmission, red and black ink became mixed, impossible to list all. Adhering to them causes great error. Where can future generations find a standard? Correcting this is urgent today. Reverently relying on the Holy Sovereign's restoration, his virtue of cherishing life, cessation of war, and suspension of punishment, which suffices to bring people to an age of longevity and prevent premature death. Yet, the Imperial Mind deeply worries about the discrepancies in Bencao annotations and erroneous treatment theories. Thus, following the precedents of Kaibao and Jiayou, He commanded us to revise. This demonstrates the utmost benevolence of the Sage. How dare we not study meticulously, think deeply, collect methods widely, compare various schools, and distinguish differences? Regarding drug properties (cold/hot, tonifying/purgative, toxic/non-toxic) that are logically inverted or semantically opposite, we must clarify their intent and ensure appropriateness. Images follow old drawings with general outlines; knowledge claims are based on evidence, not speculation. We examined over 300 famous prescriptions and corrected over 8,000 characters of errors, so users will not be confused and treatments will be effective, promoting longevity and perfect healing. This contributes slightly to the Holy Government's policies and transmits to posterity. Is this not a small benefit? We, your subjects, tremble with fear and respect, bowing our heads to speak. Presented in the second month of the 29th year of Shaoxing.
Zhang Zhongwen said: During the Shaoxing era, Medical Officer Wang Jixian, because Empress Dowager Xianren had just moved to Cining Palace and was advanced in age, often suffering from illness, recovered immediately after taking his medicine. Relying on this, she enjoyed leisure and health in the Eastern Court for nearly twenty years, fulfilling Emperor Gaozong's filial piety in serving her. This was Wang Jixian's merit. Thus, he received special favors and promotions, reaching the rank of Zhengren Chengxuan. Later, relying on favor and power, Wang engaged in acts displeasing to the public, yet the court flattered him excessively, with some calling themselves his disciples. After the Empress Dowager passed away, Wang's favor declined daily, and he was eventually dismissed to Fuzhou, where he died. (From *Bai Ta Sui*)
Chen Zhensun said: *Shaoxing Revised Bencao* (*Materia Medica Revised in Shaoxing*), 22 volumes, written by Medical Officer Wang Jixian and others by imperial decree, presented in the 29th year of Shaoxing. Printed at Xiuneisi. Each drug has only a few sentences of explanation, shallow and vulgar, lacking profound theory.
Wang Yinglin said: On August 15, the 27th year of Shaoxing, Wang Jixian submitted the revised *Daguan Zheng Lei Bencao* (*Great View Verified Categories Materia Medica*), 32 volumes, and *Shi Yin* (*Pronunciation Explanation*), 1 volume. An edict ordered the Secretariat to polish it and deliver it to the Guozijian (*Imperial Academy*) for woodblock printing and distribution.