两边齐中，左右俱不仁者最重，不能运动，不知痛痒者，名为不仁，此即仲师所谓卒病
（卒病者，陡然猝发，昏不知人也）。或左或右，但中一边者稍轻，此即仲师所谓偏枯也（详《金
匮》）。此二者，皆病之大经者也，若中风入脏，则不可救矣。或但口眼 斜，或但臂不举
，或但足不用，或但舌喑不能言，或但麻木有定处（麻木即不仁），此五者，皆病之在孙络者
，若久而不治，亦能渐入大经矣（左右二十八脉名为大经，三百六十五穴名为孙络）。故在脏
者极重，其生死只在二三日间，在大经者稍轻，往往连年累月始可渐愈，在孙络最轻，有不
药而亦能自愈者。
以上从病之所在论轻重也。
人身卫气，应于五神则为知觉，温于四体则为运动，原是左右齐应，两边合用，故能使
耳目聪明，心思精详，手足便利。若风邪伤卫，有一处不相应，即有一边不为用，则知觉运
动皆为之迟钝矣。所谓一马不行，百马休也。所以中风之后，往往多滞钝之病，虽平生极性
急爽利之人，亦变而为迂柔宽缓。盖心欲前，而身不与之俱前，以志不能率气（卫气），气不
能率形也，是以知觉多错乱迷忘，运动多艰难迟钝。此皆论病后邪风已衰，卫气未撤消也。当
夫初
亦昏不知人。其风中一边者，昏不知人，即风中小络者，亦昏不知人。以卫气猝为邪风所袭
，不能自主也。一二日后，或七八日后，邪风少衰，卫气之已伤于左者，虽未能骤复，其未
伤于右者，则必运动，而人事始渐清醒矣。再数日后，或一二月后，未伤之卫气必渐溉及已
伤之卫气，于是偏枯者亦渐渐灵活矣。若治之得法，则未伤之卫气既可渐溉相助，而已伤之
卫气又可逐日生发，如是则两边均平，而知觉运动依然复旧矣。其辨轻重之法，初起昏不知
人，痰鸣气促，一日之后即能平静清醒，此受邪极微，病之最轻者也。或一二日后，始能平
静清醒，此受邪略甚，病之稍重者也。或七八日后，或十余日后，始能平静清醒，此受邪较
甚，病之重大者也。或仍不能平静清醒，而反息高鸣喘者，此受邪最重，直入于脏，正气尽
去，病之不可救者也。
以上从邪风之微甚，诊轻重也。
如果身体两侧同时受邪，导致左右肢体都感觉麻木、失去知觉，这是最严重的情况。所谓“不仁”，就是不能运动、不知道痛痒的感觉，这就是张仲景所说的“卒病”（卒病是指突然发作，神志昏迷，不知人事的病证）。如果是只有一侧（左边或右边）受邪，病情就相对较轻，这就是张仲景所说的“偏枯”（详见《金匮要略》）。这两种情况，都是中风病的主要类型。如果风邪侵入内脏，那就无法救治了。
如果只是口眼歪斜，或者只是手臂抬不起来，或者只是脚不能行走，或者只是舌强语塞不能说话，或者只是身体某固定部位麻木（麻木即不仁），这五种情况，都属于病在孙络（细小的络脉）的范畴。如果长期不治疗，病邪也能逐渐深入到大经（主要经脉）。所以，病在脏的极重，生死往往在两三天内决定；病在大经的稍轻，往往需要连年累月才能逐渐痊愈；病在孙络的最轻，甚至不吃药也能自愈。
以上是依据病变所在的部位来论述病情的轻重。
人体的卫气，作用于五神则产生知觉，温煦四肢则产生运动，原本就是左右同步响应，两边协同作用，所以能使耳目聪明，心思精细，手足便利。如果风邪损伤了卫气，只要有一处不能相应，就会有一侧肢体无法使用，那么知觉和运动都会变得迟钝。正所谓“一马不行，百马休也”（比喻局部受损影响整体功能）。因此，中风之后，往往会出现许多滞涩迟钝的症状，即使是平生性格急躁爽利的人，也会变得迂缓柔弱。这是因为心想要前进，但身体却不随之一起前进，因为意志不能统率卫气，卫气不能统率形体，所以知觉多错乱遗忘，运动多艰难迟钝。这些都是论述病后邪风已经衰退，但卫气尚未恢复的情况。
当疾病初起时，患者也会神志昏迷，不知人事。无论是风邪中于身体一侧，还是风邪中于小络，都会出现神志昏迷，不知人事的情况。这是因为卫气突然被邪风袭击，不能自主控制。经过一两天后，或者七八天后，邪风稍微衰退，卫气中已经受伤的一侧虽然不能立即恢复，但未受伤的另一侧则必然能够运动，人的神志才开始逐渐清醒。再过几天，或者一两个月后，未受伤的卫气必然会逐渐滋养已受伤的卫气，于是偏枯的患者也会逐渐变得灵活。如果治疗方法得当，那么未受伤的卫气既可以逐渐滋养相助，而已受伤的卫气又可以逐日生发，这样两侧平衡，知觉和运动就能恢复如初。
辨别病情轻重的方法：初起时神志昏迷，痰鸣气促，一天之后就能平静清醒，这是受邪极微，属于最轻的病证。或者一两天后，才能平静清醒，这是受邪略甚，属于稍重的病证。或者七八天后，或者十多天后，才能平静清醒，这是受邪较甚，属于重大的病证。或者仍然不能平静清醒，反而出现气息上逆、喘息有声的，这是受邪最重，直入于脏，正气完全耗散，属于不可救治的病证。
以上是依据邪风的微弱与严重，来诊断病情的轻重。
If both sides of the body are simultaneously affected, resulting in numbness and loss of sensation in both the left and right limbs, this is the most severe condition. The term "Bu Ren" (Numbness/Loss of Sensation) refers to the inability to move and the lack of awareness of pain or itch. This corresponds to what Master Zhongjing (Zhang Zhongjing) termed "Cu Bing" (Sudden Onset Disease), which refers to a disease that strikes suddenly with coma and loss of consciousness. If only one side (left or right) is affected, the condition is slightly milder; this corresponds to what Master Zhongjing termed "Pian Ku" (Hemiplegia/Paralysis on one side) (detailed in *Jin Gui Yao Lue*). These two categories represent the major pathways of stroke pathology. If the wind pathogen invades the Zang organs, it becomes incurable.
If there is merely facial paralysis (deviation of mouth and eyes), or only the inability to raise an arm, or only the inability to use a leg, or only aphasia (tongue stiffness and inability to speak), or only numbness in a fixed location (numbness is synonymous with Bu Ren), these five conditions indicate that the pathology resides in the Sun Luo (collateral vessels). If left untreated for a long time, the pathogen may gradually penetrate into the Da Jing (major meridians). Therefore, pathology in the Zang organs is extremely severe, with life or death determined within two to three days; pathology in the Da Jing is slightly milder, often requiring years or months to gradually recover; pathology in the Sun Luo is the lightest, and may even resolve spontaneously without medication.
The above section discusses the severity of the disease based on its anatomical location.
The Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) of the human body governs perception when associated with the Five Spirits, and governs movement when warming the four limbs. Originally, it responds synchronously on both sides and functions cooperatively, enabling clear hearing and vision, precise thought, and free movement of hands and feet. If wind pathogens damage the Wei Qi, any failure in correspondence at one site will render one side useless, causing both perception and movement to become sluggish. As the saying goes, "If one horse does not run, all horses cease." Consequently, after a stroke, patients often exhibit symptoms of stagnation and dullness; even individuals who were naturally quick-tempered and agile may become slow and lethargic. This occurs because the mind desires to move forward, but the body does not follow, as the Yi (Will) cannot command the Wei Qi, and the Wei Qi cannot command the Xing (Form). Thus, perception becomes confused and forgetful, and movement becomes difficult and sluggish. This describes the state where the pathogenic wind has subsided after the onset of illness, but the Wei Qi has not yet recovered.
At the initial stage of the disease, patients also experience coma and loss of consciousness. Whether the wind strikes one side of the body or the small collaterals, coma and loss of consciousness occur because the Wei Qi is suddenly attacked by the wind pathogen and loses autonomous control. After one or two days, or seven to eight days, as the wind pathogen slightly subsides, although the injured Wei Qi on one side cannot immediately recover, the uninjured Wei Qi on the other side can still function, allowing the patient's mental status to gradually clarify. Several days later, or after one or two months, the uninjured Wei Qi gradually nourishes the injured Wei Qi, allowing patients with hemiplegia to gradually regain flexibility. If treated correctly, the uninjured Wei Qi can gradually assist through nourishment, while the injured Wei Qi regenerates daily. In this way, balance is restored between both sides, and perception and movement return to normal.
The method for distinguishing severity is as follows: If the patient is initially comatose with phlegm-rattling and rapid breathing, but becomes calm and clear-headed after one day, this indicates minimal pathogenic invasion and is the mildest form of disease. If calmness and clarity are achieved after one or two days, this indicates slightly more severe invasion and a moderately serious condition. If calmness and clarity are achieved after seven to eight days, or ten-plus days, this indicates relatively severe invasion and a major condition. If the patient remains unable to achieve calmness and clarity, and instead exhibits upward rushing of breath and wheezing, this indicates the most severe invasion, where the pathogen has directly entered the Zang organs, the righteous Qi is completely exhausted, and the condition is incurable.
The above section discusses the diagnosis of severity based on the intensity of the wind pathogen.