一、是编写内外二种,首列其要,次及其余。合之则诸法毕备,分之仍各有妙用
,弃俗从雅,庶览者得有流别,知所先后,则近道矣。
一、医分必分症类次,兹则从法集方。有一病而诸门俱入者,以其各有治法,故不以类
聚,不欲紊其成法也。
一、柏云手抄有《市语宗派神用运技》一卷,言多不经,启后人渔利之私,急为芟削,
间采一、二入《绪论》中,以广见闻。
一、顶、串、截为走医三大法,以譬三才也。未流辄妄定成数,有九顶、十三串、七十
二截等目,每自夸于人,辄曰∶某某得几顶、几串、几截,其法甚秘,云罕有全知者。不知
以类统计,宁止区区者。余因尽发其秘,非欲矜己之长,良由济世一端,多多益善也。外有
九种、十三根等法,能拔骨髓诸毒,然不肖疡科,每窃以取利,种毒留根,变小成大,实则
为利浅而受害深,宁弃而不录。
一、禁法之大莫如水法,次则祝由,兹录其小者,绝扰屏嚣,均无妨于大雅。其有近于
巫、觋所为者,概在所摈。
一、方用单行奏功最捷,药有制品取效更神,针灸辅药力所不及也。故列药外百物,又
推恩所宜及也。故列医外奇病所以毕其法,药戏所以备其趣,皆以神妙用而奏厥功也,因并
存之。
一、药品尚真,奚录伪焉?曰∶所以着奸也!知其术,始不受其愚,而作伪者更无以巧
取浓利,殆犹删诗不去郑、卫之意。矧其中有可用者,若假象皮膏之收口,假乳香之定痛,
着效更捷子真,亦方术所不废也。至若蒙汗、麻沸等方,予皆有之,而不备录者,恐易以启
奸,且
一、取虫为走医第一要法,而选元尤有起死回生之术。无此二门,则无由见神,故兼存
不废。
一、是书初着,尚有灵穴经、奇脉经、灵草经、识症论、变症论及阳取、阴取、隔二、
隔三诸法,当另为一编以问世。
一、是书采录得于柏云手抄者十之三,《百草镜》、《救生海》者十之三,《养素园》及《
江闽方本》者十之三,其一则传于世医者,悉汇而成帙。盖筌蹄由始例得并志焉。
一、丸散云刀圭者,分方寸匕之一准,如梧桐子大也。方寸匕者,作匕正方一寸,抄散
取不落为度。五匕者,即今五铢钱边五字者,抄之不落为度。一撮者,四刀圭也(匕即匙也)。
按恕轩先生原订有内、外二编,凡例所论,总内、外而言之。兹所刊者,惟内编四卷。如水
法、祝由、药外、医外、药戏、取虫、选元诸条皆内编所不载。今年正月,从越中藏书家觅
得外编,如获拱宝。匆次不暇细校,录付仍嘱吴君平格补注,行将以次开雕,以公同好。
光绪庚寅五月望迈孙识。
一、本书编写分为内、外两编,首先列出核心要点,其次涵盖其余内容。合起来看则各种疗法完备,分开看则各有妙用。摒弃世俗庸俗之法,崇尚高雅医术,这样读者就能分清流派源别,知晓学习的先后次序,这就接近医道了。
二、医学分类通常按病症归类排序,本书则依据治疗方法来收集方剂。有一种病可能涉及多个门类,因为每种病都有各自的治疗法则,所以不按病症聚集,以免打乱既定的成法。
三、柏云的手抄本中有《市语宗派神用运技》一卷,其中言论多不切实际,容易开启后人谋取私利的念头,因此急忙将其删减剔除,偶尔采纳一两处收入《绪论》中,以拓宽见闻。
四、“顶”、“串”、“截”是走方医(江湖游医)的三大主要技法,以此比喻天、地、人“三才”。末流之辈往往妄自设定固定数量,如“九顶”、“十三串”、“七十二截”等名目,常常向人自我夸耀,常说:“某某掌握了多少顶、多少串、多少截”,声称这些方法非常神秘,据说很少有人能完全知晓。却不知道如果按类别统计,绝不止这么一点点。我因此将这些秘密全部揭露,并非想炫耀自己的长处,实在是因为救世济人这一方面,多多益善罢了。此外还有“九种”、“十三根”等技法,号称能拔出骨髓中的毒素,但我不肖于外科医生,他们常借此谋取私利,故意种植毒邪留下病根,将小病变成大病,实际上是利益微薄而危害深重,所以我宁愿舍弃而不收录。
五、禁咒法术中,水法最为宏大,其次是祝由术。这里只记录其中较小的部分,旨在杜绝干扰、屏除喧嚣,都不妨碍高雅的宗旨。那些接近巫觋(巫师)所作所为的内容,一概予以摒弃。
六、单方使用往往见效最快,经过炮制的药物取效更神奇,针灸可以辅助药物力量所不及之处。因此列出药物以外的百物,也是推广恩惠应当及到的范围。所以列出治疗医家常规之外的奇病的办法以穷尽各种技法,列出药戏以准备其趣味性,都是为了展现神妙的效用并达成其功效,因此一并保存。
七、药品崇尚真品,为何还要收录伪品呢?回答说:这是为了揭露奸诈!知道了其中的手段,才开始不会受其愚弄,而作伪者也就无法再巧取厚利,这大概就像删除《诗经》却不除去郑声、卫风的意思一样。况且其中有可用的部分,比如假象皮膏用于收敛伤口,假乳香用于止痛,其疗效甚至比真的还快捷,这也是方术所不废弃的。至于像蒙汗药、麻沸散等方子,我都有收藏,但不详细收录的原因,是担心容易开启奸人之端,而且……
八、采集虫类是走方医的第一重要技法,而选择药材(此处指特定草药或部位,原文“选元”疑为特定术语或笔误,结合语境指代某种关键药材或技法)更有起死回生之术。没有这两个门类,就无法见到神妙之处,所以一并保存不废。
九、本书初稿时,还有《灵穴经》、《奇脉经》、《灵草经》、《识症论》、《变症论》以及阳取、阴取、隔二、隔三等技法,应当另外编成一册问世。
十、本书采录的内容,来源于柏云手抄本的占十分之三,《百草镜》、《救生海》的占十分之三,《养素园》及《江闽方本》的占十分之三,其余一则流传于世间的医者口传,全部汇集成册。大概如同捕鱼的筌和捕兔的蹄一样,因起始例得而一并记录。
十一、丸药和散药中提到的“刀圭”,是方寸匕的十分之一,大小相当于梧桐子。方寸匕,是指制作成正方形一寸大小的匕,舀取散药以不掉落为标准。五匕,即现在五铢钱边缘刻有“五”字的钱币,舀取以不掉落为标准。一撮,等于四个刀圭(匕就是匙)。
按:恕轩先生原订有内、外两编,凡例中所论述的,总括内、外而言。此次刊印的,只有内编四卷。如水法、祝由、药外、医外、药戏、取虫、选元等各条均不在内编记载之中。今年正月,我从越地的藏书家中寻得外编,如同获得拱璧珍宝。匆忙整理来不及仔细校对,抄录付梓仍嘱咐吴平格君补加注释,即将依次开雕印刷,以公之于同好。光绪庚寅年五月十五日,迈孙识。
1. This work is compiled into two parts: the Inner and Outer sections. It first lists the essentials, followed by the remaining content. When combined, all methods are complete; when separated, each retains its unique efficacy. By discarding the vulgar and adhering to the elegant (Ya), readers can distinguish between different schools, understand the proper sequence of study, and thus approach the Dao of medicine.
2. Medical classification usually sorts cases by disease type; this book, however, collects prescriptions according to therapeutic methods. A single disease may be addressed across multiple categories because each has its own treatment principles. Therefore, they are not grouped by disease to avoid disrupting established methods.
3. Bai Yun’s handwritten manuscript contains a volume titled *Shiyu Zongpai Shenyun Yunchi* (Secret Jargon of Sects: Divine Use and Skillful Techniques). Its contents are largely unsubstantiated and could encourage later generations to seek profit through deception. These have been urgently excised. Occasionally, one or two items were adopted into the *Introduction* to broaden knowledge.
4. "Ding" (Topical application/cauterization), "Chuan" (String therapy/needle threading), and "Jie" (Interception/blocking) are the three major techniques of wandering physicians (Zouyi), metaphorically representing Heaven, Earth, and Humanity (Sancai). Practitioners of declining standards often arbitrarily fix numbers, such as "Nine Dings," "Thirteen Chuans," and "Seventy-Two Jies," boasting to others about how many of each they know, claiming these methods are highly secret and rarely fully known. They fail to realize that if classified and counted, the number would far exceed these trivial figures. I have therefore exposed these secrets, not to boast of my own strengths, but because in saving lives and aiding the world, more is better. Additionally, there are methods like "Nine Types" and "Thirteen Roots," claimed to extract toxins from bone marrow. However, as I disdain unscrupulous surgeons who use these for profit—intentionally planting toxins to prolong illness and turn minor ailments into major ones, resulting in shallow gains but deep harm—I choose to omit them.
5. Among magical incantations, Water Magic (Shuifa) is the most significant, followed by Zhuyou (Incantation Therapy). Here, only the lesser aspects are recorded to eliminate disturbance and noise, which does not detract from elegance. Anything resembling the practices of shamans (Wu) or diviners (Xi) is generally excluded.
6. Single-herb prescriptions often yield the fastest results; processed medicines act even more miraculously; acupuncture supplements where herbal power falls short. Thus, listing hundred substances outside of herbs extends benevolence to appropriate areas. Prescriptions for diseases beyond ordinary medical practice exhaust all methods; medicinal plays prepare for amusement. All are preserved to demonstrate miraculous utility and achieve their effects.
7. Medicinal materials should be authentic; why record fake ones? The answer is: to expose fraud! Knowing the tricks prevents being deceived, and counterfeiters lose their ability to gain illicit profits. This is akin to editing the *Classic of Poetry* while retaining the songs of Zheng and Wei to warn against licentiousness. Moreover, some fakes have utility; for instance, fake Elephant Skin Plaster (Xiangpi Gao) for wound closure or fake Frankincense (Ruxiang) for pain relief may act faster than genuine ones, so they are not entirely discarded by medical arts. As for formulas like Menghan San (Knockout Powder) or Mafei San (Numbing Powder), although I possess them, I do not record them in detail to prevent enabling malicious acts, and...
8. Collecting insects is the primary technique of wandering physicians, and selecting specific ingredients (Xuan Yuan) possesses life-restoring powers. Without these two categories, the miraculous nature cannot be seen; hence, they are preserved.
9. At the time of initial composition, works such as *Lingxue Jing* (Spiritual Acupoint Classic), *Qimai Jing* (Extraordinary Vessel Classic), *Lingcao Jing* (Spiritual Herb Classic), *Shizheng Lun* (Discussion on Recognizing Symptoms), *Bianzheng Lun* (Discussion on Changing Symptoms), and methods like Yang Qu, Yin Qu, Ge Er, and Ge San were intended to be published as a separate volume.
10. Thirty percent of the content was sourced from Bai Yun’s handwritten manuscripts, thirty percent from *Baicao Jing* (Mirror of Hundred Herbs) and *Jiusheng Hai* (Sea of Life Saving), thirty percent from *Yangsu Yuan* and *Jiangmin Fangben*, and the remainder from orally transmitted prescriptions among practicing physicians, all compiled into this volume. Like fishing baskets and rabbit snares, they are recorded here as foundational tools.
11. In pills and powders, "Dao Gui" refers to one-tenth of a "Fang Cun Bi" (Square-Inch Spoon), roughly the size of a Chinese parasol tree seed. A Fang Cun Bi is a spoon square at the base with sides of one inch, filled until the powder does not fall out. "Five Bi" refers to using the edge of a contemporary Five Zhu coin inscribed with the character "Wu" (Five), scooping until it does not fall out. One "Cuo" (pinch) equals four Dao Gui (Bi is synonymous with spoon).
Note: Mr. Shuxuan originally planned both Inner and Outer sections. The General Rules discussed above apply to both. The current publication includes only the four volumes of the Inner Section. Topics such as Water Magic, Zhuyou, External Substances, Extra-Medical Diseases, Medicinal Plays, Insect Collection, and Ingredient Selection are not contained in the Inner Section. In January of this year, I obtained the Outer Section from a collector in Yuezhong, regarding it as a precious treasure. Due to haste, detailed proofreading was not possible. I transcribed it and requested Mr. Wu Pingge to add annotations. It will be carved and printed sequentially to share with enthusiasts. Recorded by Misun on the 15th day of the fifth month in the Gengyin year of the Guangxu reign.