动气者，脏气不调，筑筑然跳动，随所主而形见于脐之左右上下也。其人先有痞气，而后感于
伤寒。医人不知患有痞积在内，妄施汗、下、吐法，致动其气，故曰动气。凡汗、吐、下，岂可轻
举之乎！可见伤寒所以看外证为当者，盖不在脉之可见，必待问证之可得。又有真气内虚，水结不
散，气与之搏，即发奔豚，以其走动冲突如奔豚，皆不宜汗下，通用理中去白术，加桂。缘白术燥
肾闭气，故去之；桂能泄奔豚，故加之。然而独不言当脐有动气者。脾为中州，以行津液，妄施汗
下，必先动脾气，是以不言而喻也。左右上下，尚不宜汗下，何况中州之气，岂敢轻动之乎！
霍乱者，上吐下利，挥霍扰乱也，乃邪气饮食所伤。邪在中焦，既吐且利。邪
在上焦，吐而不利。邪在下焦，利而不吐。俱用正气散加半夏、生姜汁治之。如吐利不止者，理中
汤。如其上下不通，腹痛甚而头疼发热者，桂枝大黄汤。此为干霍乱，死者多因其所伤之邪不得出，
拥塞正气，阴阳隔绝，先用吐法也。
不仁者，谓不柔和，痛痒不知，针火不知是也。诸虚乘寒，为郁冒不仁。血气虚弱，不能周流
于一身，于是正气为邪气所伏，故肢体顽麻不仁，厥如死尸，用桂麻各半汤；不愈者，补中益气汤
入姜汁。设或身体如油汗不休，喘而直视，水浆不入者，此为命绝也。
动气，是指脏腑之气运行不调，出现筑筑然跳动的感觉，随着脏腑所主的部位不同，这种跳动会在脐部的左、右、上、下显现出来。患者原本就有痞气（指腹内结块或气滞不通的病证），而后又感受了伤寒邪气。医生不知道体内有痞积存在，错误地使用了发汗、攻下、催吐等治法，导致脏气被扰动，所以称为“动气”。凡是发汗、催吐、攻下之法，怎么可以轻易使用呢！由此可见，治疗伤寒之所以应当重视外在证候，是因为不能仅凭脉象判断，必须通过询问症状才能明确诊断。
另外，如果人体真气内部虚弱，水湿凝结不散，气与水湿相互搏结，就会引发奔豚（一种自觉气从少腹上冲胸咽的病症）。因为这种气走动冲突的感觉像奔跑的小猪一样，所以都禁止使用发汗和攻下法，通用理中汤去掉白术，加入桂枝。因为白术性燥，容易闭塞肾气，所以去掉；桂枝能平抑奔豚，所以加入。然而文中唯独没有提到当脐部有动气的情况。脾属中州，负责运化津液，如果错误地使用发汗和攻下法，必然会先扰动脾气，这是不言而喻的道理。脐部左右上下尚且不宜发汗和攻下，何况中州的脾气，怎么敢轻易扰动它呢！
霍乱，表现为上吐下泻，挥霍之间即发生扰乱，是由于邪气和饮食损伤所致。邪气在中焦，则既吐又泻；邪气在上焦，则只吐不泻；邪气在下焦，则只泻不吐。这些情况都使用正气散加入半夏、生姜汁来治疗。如果呕吐腹泻不止，使用理中汤。如果出现上下不通畅，腹痛剧烈且伴有头痛发热，这是干霍乱，使用桂枝大黄汤。干霍乱患者大多死亡是因为所受的邪气无法排出，壅塞正气，导致阴阳隔绝，此时应先用催吐法。
不仁，是指肢体不柔和，痛痒不知，针刺或火灸都没有感觉。各种虚证兼受寒邪，导致郁冒而不仁。血气虚弱，不能周流全身，于是正气被邪气伏遏，导致肢体顽麻不仁，四肢厥冷如同死尸，使用桂枝麻黄各半汤；如果无效，使用补中益气汤加入姜汁。假如身体像出油汗一样不停出汗，喘息且两眼直视，连水浆都无法入口，这属于命绝之证。
Dongqi (Moving Qi) refers to the disharmony of visceral qi, characterized by a throbbing sensation. Depending on the organ involved, this throbbing manifests around the umbilicus in the left, right, upper, or lower regions. The patient initially suffers from Pi Qi (a condition characterized by abdominal masses or stagnant qi), and subsequently contracts Shanghan (Cold Damage). If physicians are unaware of the internal accumulation and erroneously apply sweating, purging, or vomiting methods, they disturb the visceral qi, hence the term "Dongqi." How can sweating, vomiting, and purging be employed lightly! This illustrates why, in treating Shanghan, observing external symptoms is crucial; diagnosis relies not merely on visible pulses but must await the acquisition of symptom history through inquiry.
Furthermore, if the True Qi is internally deficient and water-dampness coagulates without dispersing, qi contends with the fluid, triggering Ben Tun (Panic Disease, characterized by a sensation of qi rushing upward from the lower abdomen). Because this rushing sensation resembles a galloping pig, both sweating and purging are contraindicated. The general prescription is Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) with Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) removed and Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) added. Baizhu is drying and may obstruct Kidney qi, so it is removed; Guizhi can subdue Ben Tun, so it is added. However, the text does not explicitly mention Dongqi occurring directly at the umbilicus. The Spleen governs the Central State (Zhongzhou) and distributes fluids. Erroneous application of sweating and purging would inevitably disturb Spleen qi first, which is self-evident. If the regions left, right, upper, and lower of the umbilicus are unsuitable for sweating and purging, how much more so should the qi of the Central State not be disturbed lightly!
Huoluan (Colic with Vomiting and Diarrhea) presents with simultaneous vomiting and diarrhea, causing sudden turmoil, resulting from pathogenic factors and dietary injury. If the pathogen is in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), there is both vomiting and diarrhea. If in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), there is vomiting without diarrhea. If in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner), there is diarrhea without vomiting. All these cases are treated with Zhengqi San (Righteous Qi Powder) added with Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) and Shengjiang Zhi (Ginger Juice). If vomiting and diarrhea persist, Lizhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction) is used. If there is obstruction in both upper and lower pathways, severe abdominal pain, headache, and fever, this is Gan Huoluan (Dry Huoluan), treated with Guizhi Dahuang Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Rhubarb Decoction). In Dry Huoluan, death often occurs because the pathogenic factor cannot exit, blocking the Righteous Qi and severing the connection between Yin and Yang. In such cases, vomiting therapy should be applied first.
Buren (Loss of Sensation) refers to limbs that are not supple, where pain and itch are unknown, and neither acupuncture nor moxibustion elicits sensation. Various deficiency conditions combined with cold invasion lead to depression, dizziness, and loss of sensation. When Blood and Qi are weak and cannot circulate throughout the body, the Righteous Qi is suppressed by Pathogenic Factors, resulting in numbness and loss of sensation in the limbs, with cold extremities resembling a corpse. Guizhi Mahuang Gemi Tang (Half-and-Half Decoction of Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra) is used; if ineffective, Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) with Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice) is administered. If the body sweats profusely like oil, accompanied by panting, fixed gaze, and inability to ingest fluids, this indicates the extinction of Life (Ming Jue).