《难经》曰∶重阴者癫，重阳者狂。伤寒热毒在胃，并入于心，遂使神不宁而志不定也，故发
狂。始则少卧不饥，妄语妄笑，甚则登高而歌，弃衣而走，逾垣上屋，皆独阳亢极，热之所致，非
大下之，不能止也。亦有当汗不汗，瘀热在里，下焦蓄血如狂者，小便不利，时如狂未至于狂耳。
若夫狂言直视，便溺自遗，其与汗后大热，脉燥，狂言不食，又为可虑也。
重阳即阳毒，脉数实，狂走错语，烦躁干呕，面赤咽痛，潮热发狂，或下利黄赤，阳毒升麻黄
芩汤。
时行热病，发狂，黑奴丸。
经曰∶太阳病不解，热结膀胱，其人如狂而血自下者，愈；若外不解，与桂枝汤；外已解，但
小腹急结，桃仁承气汤。
血证如狂，脉微，身黄，唇燥漱水，无寒热，小腹满，小便不利，大便黑，犀角地黄汤；甚者，
桃仁承气汤、抵当丸，取下黑物为效。
《内经》曰∶阳气者，精则养神，柔则养筋。发汗过多，津液枯少，阳气偏虚，筋肉失所养，
故惕然而跳， 然而动，非温经助阳，不可也。张氏故特设真武汤以救之。或因发汗、吐、下后表
里俱虚而有此状者，此又逆之甚矣。
太阳病，发汗不解，发热，心悸头眩，身 欲擗地，真武汤。
发汗过多，或虚弱人微发汗，或伤风自汗，妄用大青龙汤，便有厥逆，筋惕肉
之证，并属真武汤；羸者，去芍药；有热者，去附子。应发而腹中左右有动气者，并不可汗。汗
之，则筋惕肉 ，或头眩，汗出不止，其候最逆，先宜防风白术牡蛎汤，次服小建中汤，十救一二。
吐下之后心下逆满，气上冲胸，起则头眩，脉沉紧，身振摇者，茯苓桂枝白术甘草汤；久而成
痿者，通用。心下痞满者，枳桔汤加茯苓、甘草。
《难经》说：阴气过盛则发癫病，阳气过盛则发狂病。伤寒热毒蕴结在胃，并侵入心脏，导致神志不宁、意志不定，所以出现发狂的症状。起初表现为睡眠少、不思饮食、胡言乱语、无故嬉笑；严重时则登高唱歌、脱衣奔跑、翻墙越屋，这些都是阳气亢极、热邪所致，必须用峻下法攻逐里实，才能制止。也有应当发汗而未发汗，导致瘀热内结于里的，如下焦蓄血证出现的“如狂”状态，伴有小便不利，只是像发狂而尚未完全发狂罢了。如果是狂言、两眼直视、大小便失禁，或者发汗后大热、脉象躁动、狂言不止且不能进食，这些情况就更为危险了。
所谓“重阳”，即阳毒证，脉象数而有力，症状包括狂奔乱走、言语错乱、烦躁干呕、面红咽痛、潮热发狂，或者下利黄赤色粪便，治疗用阳毒升麻黄芩汤。
经典记载：太阳病不解，热邪结于膀胱，患者出现“如狂”症状，如果瘀血自行下行，病就会痊愈；如果表证仍未解除，给予桂枝汤解表；如果表证已解，仅见小腹部急迫拘结，则用桃仁承气汤攻下瘀热。
血分病变出现如狂症状，脉象微弱，身体发黄，口唇干燥但只想含水漱口而不欲吞咽，无恶寒发热，小腹胀满，小便不利，大便色黑，用犀角地黄汤治疗；病情严重的，用桃仁承气汤或抵当丸，以下出黑色瘀血为有效。
《内经》说：阳气精纯则滋养神志，柔和则滋养筋脉。发汗过多，导致津液枯竭减少，阳气偏虚，筋肉失去濡养，所以出现惊惕跳动、肌肉瞤动的症状，如果不温通经脉、助益阳气，是无法治愈的。张仲景因此特别设立真武汤来救治此证。如果是因发汗、催吐、泻下之后，表里俱虚而出现这种状况的，这是误治导致的逆证，非常严重。
太阳病，发汗后病未解，出现发热、心悸、头晕目眩、身体震颤想要扑倒在地，用真武汤治疗。
发汗过多，或者体质虚弱之人轻微发汗，或者伤风自汗者，误用大青龙汤，就会出现四肢厥冷、筋惕肉瞤的症状，这些都归属于真武汤的主治范围；形体瘦弱者，去掉芍药；有热象者，去掉附子。本应发汗但腹中左右有动气现象的，均不可发汗。如果强行发汗，会导致筋惕肉瞤，或者头晕目眩、汗出不止，这种情况最为凶险，应先服用防风白术牡蛎汤，再服用小建中汤，十人中可救一二。
呕吐、泻下之后，心下部逆满，气上冲胸部，起身则头晕目眩，脉象沉紧，身体振摇，用茯苓桂枝白术甘草汤治疗；日久形成痿证的，通用此方。心下部痞塞胀满的，用枳桔汤加茯苓、甘草。
The *Nan Jing* (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: Excess Yin leads to Dian disorder (epilepsy-like condition), while excess Yang leads to Kuang disorder (mania). In Shanghan (Cold Damage), heat-toxin accumulates in the Stomach and merges into the Heart, causing the Spirit (Shen) to be unsettled and will to be unstable, thus resulting in Kuang disorder. Initially, there is little sleep, lack of appetite, delirious speech, and inappropriate laughter; severely, the patient climbs high and sings, discards clothes and runs, jumps over walls and roofs. These are all caused by extreme hyperactivity of solitary Yang and heat, which cannot be stopped without vigorous purgation. There are also cases where sweating should have been induced but was not, leading to blood stasis and heat binding internally; for example, lower Jiao blood accumulation presenting as "Ru Kuang" (like mania), with difficult urination, appearing like mania but not yet fully manic. If there is delirious speech, staring eyes, involuntary urination and defecation, or post-sweating high fever, dry/agitated pulse, continuous delirium, and inability to eat, these conditions are even more concerning.
"Chong Yang" refers to Yang Du (Yang Toxin), characterized by a rapid and forceful pulse, running wildly, confused speech, irritability, dry retching, red face, sore throat, tidal fever, mania, or passage of yellow-red stool. The treatment formula is Yang Du Shengma Huang Qin Tang (Yang Toxin Corydalis Rhizome and Scutellaria Decoction).
For mania caused by epidemic heat diseases, use Hei Nu Wan (Black Slave Pill).
The Classics state: When Taiyang disease is unresolved and heat binds to the Bladder, the person appears like they are manic; if blood passes spontaneously, the disease resolves. If the exterior syndrome is still unresolved, administer Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction); if the exterior is resolved but only the lower abdomen feels urgent and knotted, use Taoren Chengqi Tang (Peach Kernel Modifying Major Order the Qi Decoction).
Blood disorders presenting as Ru Kuang, with a faint pulse, yellowish body, dry lips with desire to rinse mouth but no swallowing, absence of aversion to cold or fever, fullness in the lower abdomen, and difficult urination with black stool, are treated with Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction); in severe cases, Taoren Chengqi Tang or Didang Wan (Dare to Defecate Pill) are used, with efficacy indicated by the passage of black material.
The *Nei Jing* (Inner Canon) states: Yang qi, when refined, nourishes the Shen (Spirit); when soft, it nourishes the Jinmai (Sinews and Vessels). Excessive sweating depletes body fluids, causing Yang qi to become relatively deficient. The sinews and muscles lose their nourishment, resulting in sudden fright/trembling (Ti Ran) and muscle twitching (Yu Dong). Without warming the meridians and assisting Yang, recovery is impossible. Zhang Zhongjing therefore specifically established Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) to rescue this condition. If this presentation occurs after sweating, vomiting, or purging due to deficiency of both interior and exterior, it is a severe adverse reaction.
In Taiyang disease, if sweating fails to resolve the condition, leading to fever, palpitations, dizziness, and body tremors as if wanting to fall to the ground, treat with Zhenwu Tang.
Excessive sweating, or slight sweating in weak individuals, or spontaneous sweating from Wind Strike, followed by the misuse of Da Qinglong Tang (Major Green Dragon Decoction), can lead to Jue Ni (cold extremities) and signs of Jin Ti Rou Yu (sinew trembling and muscle twitching). All such cases belong to the indication of Zhenwu Tang; for emaciated patients, remove Shaoyao (White Peony Root); for those with heat, remove Fuzi (Aconite Lateral Root). If sweating is indicated but there is moving Qi in the left or right abdomen, sweating is contraindicated. Sweating in such cases leads to Jin Ti Rou Yu, dizziness, and unceasing sweating, which is the most adverse prognosis. Initially, use Fangfeng Baizhu Muli Tang (Saposhnikovia, Atractylodes Macrocephala, and Oyster Shell Decoction), followed by Xiaojianzhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction); one or two out of ten may be saved.
After vomiting and purging, if there is rebellious fullness below the heart, Qi rushing to the chest, dizziness upon rising, deep-tight pulse, and body tremors, treat with Fuling Guizhi Baizhu Gancao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractylodes Macrocephala, and Licorice Decoction); this is generally applicable if it progresses to Wei syndrome (atrophy/flaccidity). For fullness and stuffiness below the heart, use Zhijie Tang (Bitter Orange and Magnolia Flower Decoction) added with Fuling and Gancao.