心悸者，筑筑然动，怔忡不能自安者是也。其证有二，一者气虚，一者停饮。
其气虚者，阳气内弱，心中空虚而为悸。又有汗下之后正气内虚，亦令人悸，与气虚而悸者，则又
甚也，法当定其气悸也。其停饮者，由饮水过多，停留心下，心火畏水，不能自安而为悸也。治法
必先分水、气，虽有余邪，亦先治悸，免使水气散走而成他证也。
伤寒二三日，心中悸而烦，小建中汤。经云∶先烦而悸者，此为热；先悸而烦者，此为虚。故宜
建中汤。
太阳病，小便利者，以饮水多，故心下悸，茯苓桂枝白术甘草汤；小便少者，必里急，猪苓汤。
阳明病，壮热来往，心下悸，小便不利，心烦喜呕，小柴胡汤。
太阳病，发汗过多，其人叉手自冒，心下悸欲得按者，桂枝甘草汤。
发汗后其人脐下悸，欲作奔豚，茯苓桂枝白术甘草汤。
太阳病，发汗不解，仍发热，心下悸，头眩，肌体 动，振振欲擗地，真武汤。
少阳病，耳聋目赤，胸满而烦，妄加汗下，则悸而惊，与小建中汤；有热者，小柴胡汤。
少阴病，四逆，其人或悸，四逆散加桂枝；心下有水气，厥而悸，当先治水，茯苓甘草汤。不
然，水入胃中，必不利也。
伤寒，脉结代，心动悸，炙甘草汤。
《内经》曰∶湿热相交，民多病瘅。瘅者，单阳而无阴也。太阴脾土为湿热所蒸，则虽见于外，
必发身黄。湿气胜，则如熏黄而晦。热气胜，则如橘黄而明。伤寒至于发黄，热势已极，且与蓄血
大抵相类。小便不利，为发黄。小便自利，为蓄血也。设或寸口无脉，鼻出冷气，与夫形如烟熏，
摇头直视，环口黧黑，举体发黄，是皆真脏气绝也。
伤寒，瘀血在里，身必发黄，麻黄连翘赤小豆汤。
太阳中湿，发黄身热，头痛目黄，汗出，湿在里，五苓散、栀子柏皮汤。
湿家之为病，一分尽痛，发热，身虽如似熏黄，小便不利，五苓散；小便自利，术附汤；身烦
痛，麻黄汤加苍术；脉浮身重，汗出恶风，防己黄 汤。
阳明病，脉迟，食难用饱，饱则微烦头眩，必小便难，此欲作谷疸。虽下之，腹满如鼓，谷疸
汤、五苓散加茵陈。
阳明伤寒，发黄易饥，短气腹满，鼻干咽燥，心胁痛，小便难，潮热咳嗽，头眩嗜卧，脉弦浮
大，小柴胡汤加茯苓。
血证发黄，如狂，小便多，大便黑，犀角地黄汤、桃仁承气汤、抵当汤选用之。
黄胆，脉浮滑紧数，头面汗出，渴饮水浆，小便不利，茵陈蒿汤调五苓散。
初发黄，以瓜蒂末口噙水搐鼻中，黄水出，愈。
心悸，是指心中跳动不安，如物筑击，怔忡而不能自我安宁的症状。其证候主要有两种：一是气虚，二是水饮停聚。
所谓气虚所致的心悸，是因为阳气内部虚弱，心中空虚而引发悸动。又有在发汗或攻下之后，正气内部亏虚，也会使人出现心悸，这比单纯气虚引起的心悸更为严重，治疗法则应当安定其因气虚引起的心悸。所谓水饮停聚所致的心悸，是因为饮水过多，水液停留于心下（胃脘部），心火畏惧水邪，不能自我安宁而引发悸动。治疗方法必须先分辨是水邪还是气虚，即使有余留的病邪，也应先治疗心悸，以免水气散乱走窜而形成其他病证。
伤寒发病二三日，心中悸动且烦躁，用小建中汤。经书说：先烦躁而后心悸的，这是热证；先心悸而后烦躁的，这是虚证。所以适宜使用建中汤。
太阳病，小便通利的，因为饮水过多，导致心下悸动，用茯苓桂枝白术甘草汤；小便不利的，必然伴有腹部急迫感，用猪苓汤。
阳明病，壮热往来，心下悸动，小便不利，心烦喜欢呕吐，用小柴胡汤。
太阳病，发汗过多，患者双手交叉按护心胸部，心下悸动且喜欢按压的，用桂枝甘草汤。
发汗后，患者脐下悸动，想要发作奔豚病，用茯苓桂枝白术甘草汤。
太阳病，发汗后病未解，仍然发热，心下悸动，头晕目眩，肌肉瞤动，身体震颤欲倒在地上，用真武汤。
少阳病，耳聋目赤，胸满而烦躁，如果误用汗法或下法，则会导致心悸且惊恐，用小建中汤；如果有热的，用小柴胡汤。
少阴病，四肢厥冷，其人如果出现心悸，用四逆散加桂枝；心下有停水，四肢厥冷且心悸，应当先治疗水饮，用茯苓甘草汤。否则，水进入胃中，必然导致小便不利。
《内经》说：湿热相互交蒸，百姓多患黄疸病。黄疸，是只有阳热而没有阴寒的表现。太阴脾土被湿热熏蒸，虽然表现在外部，必定会发出身黄。湿气胜的，颜色像烟熏一样晦暗；热气胜的，颜色像橘子皮一样鲜明。伤寒发展到发黄阶段，热势已经极盛，并且大体上与蓄血证相似。小便不利，是发黄；小便自利，是蓄血。假如寸口脉搏摸不到，鼻孔出冷气，或者形体如烟熏，摇头直视，口周发黑，全身发黄，这些都是真脏之气断绝的死证。
太阳中湿，发黄身热，头痛目黄，汗出，湿邪在里，用五苓散、栀子柏皮汤。
湿病患者，周身尽痛，发热，身体虽像烟熏黄，小便不利，用五苓散；小便自利，用术附汤；身体烦痛，用麻黄汤加苍术；脉浮身重，汗出恶风，用防己黄芪汤。
阳明病，脉迟，饮食难以吃饱，饱食后轻微烦躁头晕，必定小便困难，这是将要发作谷疸。即使使用下法，腹部依然胀满如鼓，用谷疸汤、五苓散加茵陈。
阳明伤寒，发黄且容易饥饿，短气腹满，鼻干咽燥，心胁疼痛，小便困难，潮热咳嗽，头晕嗜睡，脉弦浮大，用小柴胡汤加茯苓。
血证发黄，表现为如狂状，小便多，大便黑色，选用犀角地黄汤、桃仁承气汤、抵当汤。
Palpitation refers to the sensation of the heart beating restlessly, as if struck by an object, accompanied by tremors and an inability to feel at ease. There are two main types of this syndrome: one is due to Qi deficiency, and the other is due to fluid retention.
The palpitation caused by Qi deficiency arises because internal Yang Qi is weak, leaving the Heart empty and triggering palpitations. Furthermore, after excessive sweating or purging, when the Righteous Qi (Zheng Qi) is internally deficient, it also causes palpitations; this condition is more severe than palpitation caused solely by Qi deficiency. The treatment principle should be to stabilize the palpitation caused by Qi deficiency. The palpitation caused by fluid retention occurs because excessive water intake leads to fluid stagnation in the epigastrium (Xin Xia). The Fire of the Heart fears the Water pathogen and cannot remain at ease, thus causing palpitations. The treatment method must first differentiate between Water pathogens and Qi deficiency. Even if there are residual pathogens, the palpitation should be treated first to prevent the dispersion and migration of Water and Qi, which could lead to other syndromes.
In Shaoyang disease occurring two to three days after contraction of Cold Damage, with palpitations and irritability, Xiao Jian Zhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction) is indicated. The Classics state: "Irritability preceding palpitation indicates Heat; palpitation preceding irritability indicates Deficiency." Therefore, Jian Zhong Tang is appropriate.
In Taiyang disease, if urination is free, it is due to excessive water intake causing palpitations in the epigastrium; Fu Ling Gui Zhi Bai Zhu Gan Cao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractodes Macrocephala, and Licorice Decoction) is used. If urination is scanty, there will necessarily be abdominal urgency; Zhu Ling Tang (Polyporus Decoction) is used.
In Yangming disease, with high fever alternating, palpitations in the epigastrium, difficult urination, irritability, and a desire to vomit, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is used.
In Taiyang disease, if sweating was excessive, and the patient crosses their hands over the chest, experiencing palpitations in the epigastrium that they wish to press upon, Gui Zhi Gan Cao Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Licorice Decoction) is used.
After sweating, if the patient experiences palpitations below the umbilicus and feels impending Ben Tun (Running Piglet) syndrome, Fu Ling Gui Zhi Bai Zhu Gan Cao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractodes Macrocephala, and Licorice Decoction) is used.
In Taiyang disease, if sweating fails to resolve the condition, and fever persists, accompanied by palpitations in the epigastrium, dizziness, muscle twitching, and trembling as if about to fall to the ground, Zhen Wu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) is used.
In Shaoyang disease, with deafness, red eyes, chest fullness, and irritability, if erroneous sweating or purging is applied, it results in palpitations and fright; Xiao Jian Zhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction) is given. If there is Heat, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is used.
In Shaoyin disease, with cold extremities, if palpitations occur, Si Ni San (Frigid Extremities Powder) with added Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) is used. If there is Water Qi in the epigastrium, leading to cold extremities and palpitations, Water should be treated first using Fu Ling Gan Cao Tang (Poria and Licorice Decoction). Otherwise, water entering the Stomach will inevitably cause urinary difficulty.
In Cold Damage, with knotted and intermittent pulse and palpitations, Zhi Gan Cao Tang (Honey-Fried Licorice Decoction) is used.
The *Nei Jing* states: "When Damp-Heat interacts, the people often suffer from Dan Jaundice." Dan Jaundice is characterized by pure Yang heat without Yin cold. When the Spleen Earth of Taiyin is steamed by Damp-Heat, although manifested externally, it must result in yellowing of the body. When Dampness prevails, the color is dull like smoke-stained yellow; when Heat prevails, the color is bright like orange peel. In Cold Damage progressing to jaundice, the Heat pathogen is extremely intense, and it is largely similar to Blood Stasis accumulation. Difficult urination indicates Jaundice; free urination indicates Blood Stasis. If the Cun Kou pulse is imperceptible, cold air issues from the nose, or the body appears smoked, the head shakes, eyes stare fixedly, the area around the mouth is dark, and the whole body is yellow, these are all signs of the extinction of the True Zang Qi (Organ Qi), indicating death.
In Cold Damage, if Blood Stasis remains inside, the body will surely turn yellow; Ma Huang Lian Qiao Chi Xiao Dou Tang (Ephedra, Forsythia, and Red Bean Decoction) is used.
In Taiyang Dampness, with jaundice, fever, headache, yellow eyes, and sweating, where Dampness is internal, Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) and Zhi Zi Bai Pi Tang (Gardenia and Phellodendron Bark Decoction) are used.
For patients suffering from Dampness diseases, with generalized pain, fever, and a body color resembling smoke-stained yellow but with difficult urination, Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) is used. If urination is free, Shu Fu Tang (Atractodes and Aconite Decoction) is used. For body烦痛 (distressing pain), Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) with added Cang Zhu (Atractodes Rhizome) is used. For floating pulse, heavy body, sweating, and aversion to wind, Fang Ji Huang Qi Tang (Stephania and Astragalus Decoction) is used.
In Yangming disease, with a slow pulse, difficulty in eating to fullness, slight irritability and dizziness after eating, and necessarily difficult urination, this is approaching Gu Dan (Grain Jaundice). Even if purgatives are used, abdominal fullness will remain drum-like; Gu Dan Tang (Grain Jaundice Decoction) or Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) with added Yin Chen (Artemisia Capillaris) is used.
In Yangming Cold Damage, with jaundice, easy hunger, shortness of breath, abdominal fullness, dry nose, dry throat, pain in the heart and hypochondrium, difficult urination, tidal fever, cough, dizziness, lethargy, and a string-taut, floating, and large pulse, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) with added Fu Ling (Poria) is used.
For jaundice caused by Blood disorders, presenting with manic behavior, frequent urination, and black stool, Xi Jiao Di Huang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction), Tao Ren Cheng Qi Tang (Peach Kernel and Magnolia Bark Decoction), or Di Dang Tang (Dwelling Elimination Decoction) are selected.
For Jaundice, with a floating, slippery, tight, and rapid pulse, sweating on the head and face, thirst for drinking, and difficult urination, Yin Chen Hao Tang (Artemisia Capillaris Decoction) is used to regulate Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria).
For initial onset of jaundice, Gua Di Mo (Melon Spicule Powder) is held in the mouth, and water is sprayed into the nose to induce sneezing; when yellow fluid exits, the patient recovers.