[Pathology involving the Zang and Channels] When Shaoyin disease first occurs, if there is fever and a deep pulse (Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang syndrome); when Shaoyin disease has lasted for two or three days, Ma Huang Fu Zi Gan Cao Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Aconite, and Licorice Decoction) is used to induce slight sweating because there are no interior syndromes at this stage (Ma Huang Fu Zi Gan Cao Tang syndrome).

[Zang Disease] The characteristic of Shaoyin disease is a faint and thin pulse with a desire to sleep. If the pulse is fine, deep, and rapid, the disease is in the interior, and sweating should not be induced (Contraindication of sweating for Zang disease). If the pulse is deep, urgent warming is required (Sini Tang syndrome). If the body aches, hands and feet are cold, joints ache, and the pulse is deep (Fuzi Tang syndrome). If the disease has lasted one or two days, the mouth feels normal without bitterness or dryness, but the back feels cold, moxibustion should be applied, and Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction) should be administered (Fuzi syndrome). If coughing and diarrhea occur along with delirium, it is due to coercion by fire therapy; urination will certainly be difficult because sweat was forcibly extracted from the Shaoyin (Cough, Diarrhea, and Delirium syndrome). If the pulse is faint, sweating must not be induced as it leads to Yang collapse; if Yang is already deficient and the Chi (cun-guan-chi) pulse is weak, purgation must not be used (Syndrome of Yang Collapse from Sweating). If the pulses at all positions are tight but there is sweating, it indicates Yang collapse; this belongs to Shaoyin disease, and sore throat accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea is expected (Sore Throat, Vomiting, and Diarrhea syndrome). If sore throat occurs on the second or third day, Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction) may be given; if ineffective, Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction) is used (Gancao and Jiegeng Tang syndromes). For sore throat, Banxia San Ji Tang (Pinellia Powder and Decoction) is indicated (Banxia San syndrome). For sore throat with sores, inability to speak, and loss of voice, Kujiu Tang (Vinegar Decoction) is used (Kujiu Tang syndrome). For diarrhea, sore throat, chest fullness, and irritability, Zhufu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction) is used (Zhufu Tang syndrome). If food is vomited immediately upon entering the mouth, there is a sensation of nausea without ability to vomit, and initially the hands and feet are cold with a string-tight and slow pulse, this indicates excess in the chest; purgation is contraindicated, and emesis should be used. If dry heaving is caused by cold fluid in the diaphragm, emesis is contraindicated, and urgent warming with Sini Tang (Four Reversal Decoction) is appropriate (Sini Tang syndrome). If there is a desire to vomit but cannot, irritability, and a desire to sleep, followed by spontaneous diarrhea and thirst after five or six days, this is Shaoyin disease due to deficiency leading to water intake for self-rescue; if urine is white, the Shaoyin syndrome is complete, indicating lower jiao deficiency-cold failing to control water (Diarrhea, Irritability, and Thirst syndrome). For vomiting, diarrhea, cold extremities, and severe irritability (Wuzhuyu Tang syndrome). If abdominal pain, difficulty urinating, heavy painful limbs, and spontaneous diarrhea occur between two to four days, this is water retention; symptoms may include cough, normal urination, difficulty urinating, or vomiting, treated with Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) (Zhenwu Tang syndrome). For diarrhea with a faint and choppy pulse, vomiting, sweating, frequent bowel movements but small volume, warming the upper part via moxibustion is indicated (Vomiting, Diarrhea, and Sweating syndrome). After six or seven days of diarrhea, if cough, vomiting, thirst, irritability, and insomnia occur (Zhuling Tang syndrome). For cold extremities, possibly with cough, palpitations, difficulty urinating, abdominal pain, or heavy diarrhea (Sini San syndrome). For diarrhea with undigested food, interior cold with exterior heat, cold extremities, faint-to-absent pulse, aversion to cold absent, flushed face, possibly abdominal pain, dry heaving, sore throat, or cessation of diarrhea with absent pulse, Tongmai Sini Tang (Pulse-Returning Four Reversal Decoction) is used; recovery is indicated if the pulse returns (Tongmai Sini Tang syndrome). For diarrhea (Baitong Tang syndrome). For diarrhea with a faint pulse, Baitong Tang is given; if diarrhea persists, extremities become cold, pulse is absent, with dry heaving and irritability, Baitong Jia Zhuyedanhuang Tang (Baitong Decoction plus Pig Bile and Human Urine) is used; survival is indicated if the pulse slowly returns (Baitong Jia Zhuyedanhuang Tang syndrome). For abdominal pain, difficulty urinating, persistent diarrhea with pus and blood between two to four days (Taohua Tang syndrome). For diarrhea with pus and blood, acupuncture may be used (Diarrhea with Pus and Blood syndrome). After eight or nine days, if the whole body and limbs are hot, the heat is in the Bladder, and hematuria is likely (Body Heat and Hematuria syndrome). If vomiting and diarrhea occur without cold extremities but with fever, death is unlikely; if the pulse is absent, moxibustion on Shaoyin points seven times is performed (Yang Return and Non-Death syndrome). For diarrhea with pus and blood (Taohua Tang syndrome). If aversion to cold, curling up, and occasional irritability with a desire to remove covers occur, treatment is possible (Yang Return syndrome). If diarrhea stops, aversion to cold and curling up persist, but hands and feet are warm, treatment is possible (Yang Return syndrome). If the pulse is tight, and after seven to eight days spontaneous diarrhea occurs with a suddenly weak pulse, warm hands and feet, and disappearance of the tight pulse, resolution is expected despite irritability and diarrhea (Yang Return syndrome). If the Shaoyin pulse is weaker than the Duzi pulse, it is favorable (Earth Excess and Water Deficiency syndrome). If irritability and insomnia occur after two to three days (Huanglian Ejiao Tang syndrome). If dry mouth and throat occur after two to three days, urgent purgation with Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) is indicated (Earth Excess/Water Deficiency Dachengqi Tang syndrome). If spontaneous diarrhea of pure green water, epigastric pain, and dry mouth occur, urgent purgation with Dachengqi Tang is indicated (Earth Excess/Water Deficiency Dachengqi Tang syndrome). If abdominal distension and constipation occur after six to seven days, urgent purgation with Dachengqi Tang is indicated (Earth Excess/Water Deficiency Dachengqi Tang syndrome). In Shaoyin wind-strike, a faint superficial pulse and floating deep pulse indicate impending recovery (Wind-Strike Recovery syndrome). The time for Shaoyin disease to resolve is from Zi hour to Yin hour.

[Untreatable Conditions] If only cold extremities and no sweat occur, forced sweating will cause bleeding from unknown orifices (mouth, nose, or eyes), known as Lower Cold and Upper Exhaustion, which is difficult to treat (Bleeding from Forced Sweating syndrome). If diarrhea and faint pulse occur, Baitong Tang is given; if diarrhea persists, extremities become cold, pulse is absent, with dry heaving and irritability, and after taking Baitong Jia Zhuyedanhuang Tang, the pulse suddenly bursts out, death ensues; if the pulse slowly returns, life is preserved. If the pulse is faint, deep, and thin, with desire to sleep, sweating, no irritability, and a desire to vomit, progressing to spontaneous diarrhea, irritability, and insomnia after five to six days, death occurs (Yang Collapse Death syndrome). If vomiting, diarrhea, irritability, and cold extremities occur, death occurs. If cold extremities, aversion to cold, curling up, absent pulse, no irritability but restlessness occur, death occurs. If aversion to cold, curling up, diarrhea, and cold extremities occur, it is untreatable. If diarrhea stops but dizziness and periodic vertigo occur, death occurs. If shallow, high breathing occurs after six to seven days, death occurs.

[Formulas and Herbs]
Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Asarum Decoction)
Mahuang Fuzi Gancao Tang (Ephedra, Aconite, and Licorice Decoction)
Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction)
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata)
Fuling (Poria)
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma)
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma)
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba)
Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction)
Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction)
Jiegeng (Platycodi Radix)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)
Banxia San (Pinellia Powder)
Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber)
Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)
If powder cannot be taken, decoct it.
Kujiu Tang (Vinegar Decoction)
Banxia (Pinelliae Tuber)
Jizi (Galli Ovi Ovum - Egg Yolk removed, vinegar and Pinellia added)
Zhufu Tang (Pig Skin Decoction)
Zhipi (Porci Cutis) with Baimit (Mel) and Qianfen (Lithargyrum) boiled.
Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction)
Fuling (Poria)
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma)
Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens)
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata)
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba)
Sini San (Four Reversal Powder)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)
Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus)
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix)
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba)
Tongmai Sini Tang (Pulse-Returning Four Reversal Decoction)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma)
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata)
Add Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus)
Baitong Tang (White Onion Decoction)
Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus)
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma)
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata)
Baitong Jia Zhuyedanhuang Tang (White Onion Decoction plus Pig Bile and Human Urine)
Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus)
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma)
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata)
Boil, strain, add Zhu Danhuang (Suis Fel) and Ren Niao (Urine).
Taohua Tang (Peach Kernel Decoction)
Jingmi (Oryzae Sativae Semen Glutinosa)
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma)
Chishizhi (Halloysit Rubra)
Huanglian Ejiao Tang (Coptis and Donkey-Hide Gelatin Decoction)
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma)
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)
Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba)
Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla)
Jizi Huang (Galli Ovi Ovum - Egg Yolk)