阳毒升麻汤
阴毒甘草汤
热病干姜附子汤
青筋牵柴胡地黄汤
赤脉KT 石膏地黄汤
黄肉随玄参寒水石汤
白气 石膏杏仁汤
黑骨温苦参石膏汤
温哕茅根葛根汤
梓皮饮子
茅根橘皮汤
枇杷茅根汤
温病坏后三黄石膏汤
败坏别行附子鳖甲汤
以上除不可作煮散方外,凡汤剂言 咀者,如 咀菱藕之滓状,今之粗末是也。凡粗末每服四
钱,水一盏半,煮八分,滤去滓,得七分为准。内有半夏、附子为毒药之类,每四钱,水二盏,入
生姜三片,煎七分。内有或用朴硝,或用阿胶,或用
饴糖,或用焰硝,或用鸡子清,皆煎成汤后,去滓下之。内或用竹沥煎者,每四钱,水一盏二分,
煎至七分,下竹沥三分,煎至七分。内或用大黄者,虚人入大黄同煎之;如难得通利人,每服四钱,
水一盏半,煎至一盏,别入大黄半钱,同煎至七分;又难得利者,以汤浸浓大黄汁三二分同煎之,
以取利为度。
政和岁次癸巳门人布衣魏炳编
庞安常自少时喜医方,为人治病,处其死生,多验,名倾淮南诸医。然为气任侠,斗鸡走狗,
蹴鞠击球,少年豪纵事,无所不为。 弈音技,一工所难而兼能之。家富多后房,不出户而所欲得。
人之以医聘之也,皆多陈其所好,以顺适其意。其来也,病家如市;其疾已也,君脱然不受谢而去。
中年,乃屏绝戏弄,闭门读书。自神农黄帝经方,扁鹊《八十一难经》,皇甫谧《甲乙》,无不贯
穿。其简策纷错,黄素朽蠹,先师或失其意;学术浅薄,私智穿凿,曲士或窜其文,安常悉能辩论
发挥。每用以治病,几乎十全矣。然人疾诣门,不问贫富,为便房曲斋,调护寒暑所宜,珍膳美蔬,
时节其饥饱之度。爱老而慈幼,不以人之疾尝试其方,如疾痛在己也。盖其轻财如粪土,耐事如慈
母而有常,似秦汉间任侠而不害人,似战国四公子而不争利。所以能动而得意。起人之疾,不可为
数。他日过之,未尝有德色也。其所总辑《伤寒论》,皆其日用书也。欲掇其大要,论其精妙,使
士大夫稍知之。然
未尝游其庭者,虽得吾说而不解;若有意于斯者,读其书自足以搅其精微,故不着。着其行事,以
为后序云。前序海上人诺为之,故虚其右以待。
元符三年三月,豫章黄庭坚序
阳毒升麻汤
阴毒甘草汤
热病干姜附子汤
青筋牵柴胡地黄汤
赤脉KT石膏地黄汤
黄肉随玄参寒水石汤
白气石膏杏仁汤
黑骨温苦参石膏汤
温哕茅根葛根汤
梓皮饮子
茅根橘皮汤
枇杷茅根汤
温病坏后三黄石膏汤
败坏别行附子鳖甲汤
以上方剂中,除了注明“不可作煮散方”的以外,凡是汤剂中提到需要“咀”(将药材咬碎或捣碎成类似菱藕渣的粗末状,即现在的粗颗粒)的,每次服用四钱,加水一盏半,煎煮至剩余八分药液,过滤去药渣,以得到七分药液为标准。如果方中含有半夏、附子等有毒药物,每次取四钱药料,加水两盏,放入生姜三片,煎煮至剩余七分药液。如果方中用到朴硝(芒硝)、阿胶、饴糖、焰硝(火硝)、鸡蛋清等,都应在煎好汤药后,滤去药渣再加入这些辅料。如果方中需要用竹沥(竹茹汁)煎服,每次取四钱药料,加水一盏二分,煎煮至剩余七分,再加入三分竹沥,继续煎煮至剩余七分。如果方中用到大黄,体虚的人可以将大黄与其他药材一起煎煮;如果是难以通便的人,每次服用四钱药料,加水一盏半,煎煮至剩余一盏药液时,另加入半钱大黄,共同煎煮至剩余七分;又或者是极难通便者,可以用汤药浸泡浓的大黄汁二三份,一同煎煮,以取得通便效果为度。
政和年间癸巳年,门人、平民魏炳编纂
庞安常(庞安石)从小喜欢医方,为人治病,判断病人的生死预后,大多灵验,名声压倒淮南地区的其他医生。然而他性格豪侠,斗鸡走狗,踢球击球,少年豪放放纵的事情,无所不为。下棋技艺高超,是工匠也难以兼修的才能。家中富有,姬妾众多,不出家门就能满足欲望。别人聘请他行医时,他都极力陈述自己的爱好,以顺从迎合对方的心意。病人上门求医时,他家如集市般热闹;病情痊愈后,他便洒脱地不接受酬谢而离开。到了中年,便摒弃了嬉戏娱乐,关起门来读书。从神农黄帝时期的经方,到扁鹊的《八十一难经》,皇甫谧的《甲乙经》,无不融会贯通。那些简策错乱、黄色绢帛朽烂虫蛀,先师可能已经误解其意;学术浅薄之人,凭私智穿凿附会,偏狭之士或许篡改了原文,庞安常都能辨析发挥。每次用来治病,几乎十次能治愈十次。然而病人登门求医,他不问贫富,为他们安排舒适的房间和斋室,调节寒暑适宜的环境,提供珍贵的膳食和美味的蔬菜,适时控制他们饥饱的程度。他爱护老人并慈爱儿童,不把别人的疾病当作试验自己方剂的试金石,就像病痛在自己身上一样。大概因为他视钱财如粪土,做事像慈母般耐心且有常规,似乎像秦汉间的任侠之士却不害人,似乎像战国四公子却不争利。所以他行动自如且得心应手。治好人的疾病,数量多得数不清。日后经过那里,从未表现出居功自傲的神色。他所总编的《伤寒论》,都是他日常使用的书籍。想要摘录其中的大要,论述其中的精妙,使士大夫们稍微了解它。然而,未曾拜访过他庭院的人,即使得到了我的解说也无法理解;如果有志于研究此道的人,读他的书自然足以探究其中的精微之处,所以不再赘述。记录他的行事作为,以此作为后序。之前的序言由海上人诺撰写,所以空出右侧以待。
元符三年三月,豫章黄庭坚序
Yang Du Shengma Decoction (Corydalis Rhizome and Cimicifuga Decoction for Yang Toxin)
Yin Du Gancao Decoction (Licorice Decoction for Yin Toxin)
Re Bing Ganjiang Fuzi Decoction (Dried Ginger and Aconite Decoction for Heat Disease)
Qing Jin Qian Chaihu Dihuang Decoction (Bupleurum and Rehmannia Decoction for Green Sinew Tethering)
Chi Mai KT Shigao Dihuang Decoction (Gypsum and Rehmannia Decoction for Red Vessel [KT])
Huang Rou Sui Xuanshen Hanshui Shi Decoction (Scrophularia, Nitrated Water Stone Decoction for Yellow Flesh Following)
Bai Qi Shigao Xingren Decoction (Gypsum and Apricot Seed Decoction for White Qi)
Hei Gu Wen Kushen Shigao Decoction (Sophora Root and Gypsum Decoction for Black Bone Warming)
Wen Yue Maogen Gegen Decoction (Imperata and Pueraria Decoction for Warm Hiccups)
Zipi Yinzi (Catalpa Bark Drink)
Maogen Jupi Decoction (Imperata and Tangerine Peel Decoction)
Pipa Maogen Decoction (Loquat Leaf and Imperata Decoction)
Wen Bing Huaihou Sanhuang Shigao Decoction (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction after Deterioration of Warm Disease)
Baihuaie Bie Jia Decoction (Aconite and Turtle Shell Decoction for Separate Path of Deterioration)
Among the above formulas, except those specified as "not suitable for decoction powder" (Zhusan Fang), for all liquid preparations where "Ju" (chewing or crushing herbs into a coarse residue similar to lotus root dregs, i.e., current coarse granules) is mentioned: take four qian per dose, add one and a half zhan of water, boil down to eight-tenths, filter out the dregs, aiming for seven-tenths of the final volume. If the formula contains toxic herbs such as Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) or Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Lateral Root), take four qian of herbs per dose, add two zhan of water, include three slices of fresh ginger, and boil down to seven-tenths. If the formula uses Puxiao (Mirabilite), Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), Yitang (Maltose), Yanxiao (Saltpeter), or Jiziqing (Egg White), these should be added after the decoction is finished and filtered. If Zhuli (Bamboo Sap) is used for decoction, take four qian of herbs per dose, add one and two-tenths zhan of water, boil down to seven-tenths, then add three parts Zhuli, and boil again until seven-tenths remain. If Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) is used: for deficient persons, decoct Dahuang together with other herbs; for difficult-to-evacuate persons, take four qian of herbs per dose, add one and a half zhan of water, boil down to one zhan, then separately add half a qian of Dahuang, and boil together until seven-tenths remain; for those extremely difficult to evacuate, soak concentrated Dahuang juice in the decoction for two or three parts, boil together, and stop when evacuation is achieved.
Compiled by Wei Bing, a disciple and commoner, in the year Guisi of the Zhenghe era.
Pang Anchang (Pang Anshi) loved medical formulas since childhood. In treating patients, his judgments on life and death were often accurate, and his fame overshadowed other physicians in Huainan. However, he was bold and chivalrous, engaging in cockfighting, dog-running, soccer, and ball games, doing everything associated with youthful extravagance. He excelled at chess (Yi), a skill difficult even for artisans to master. His family was wealthy with many concubines, and he could obtain what he desired without leaving his house. When hired by others to practice medicine, he would elaborate on his hobbies to please them. Patients flocked to his home like a market; once cured, he would depart gracefully without accepting rewards. In middle age, he abandoned play, closed his doors, and studied. From the Classic Formulas of Shennong and Huangdi, Bian Que's *Eighty-One Difficult Issues* (*Nanjing*), to Huangfu Mi's *Jiayi Jing*, he mastered them all. Where bamboo slips were disordered, yellow silk rotting and worm-eaten, and ancient masters' meanings lost; where shallow scholars made arbitrary interpretations, and narrow-minded individuals tampered with texts, Pang Anchang could辨析 and expound upon them. Using these in treatment, he achieved nearly ten cures out of ten. Yet, regardless of wealth, he treated patients who came to his door, providing comfortable rooms, adjusting for seasonal comfort, offering fine foods and vegetables, and regulating their hunger and fullness. He loved the elderly and cared for the young, never using people's illnesses to test his prescriptions, as if the pain were his own. He regarded wealth as dirt, endured tasks with maternal patience and consistency, resembling the chivalrous warriors of Qin and Han without harming others, and resembling the Four Lords of the Warring States without seeking profit. Thus, he acted with ease and satisfaction. The number of diseases he cured was incalculable. Later visits brought no trace of pride. His compiled *Treatise on Cold Damage* (*Shanghan Lun*) consisted of his daily-use books. He wished to extract the essentials and discuss the subtleties so that scholar-officials might understand them slightly. However, those who had not visited his courtyard would not understand even my explanation; those interested in this field could explore its subtleties sufficiently by reading his book alone, hence I do not elaborate further. I record his deeds as a postface. The previous preface was written by Renuo from Haishang, so the right side is left blank.
Preface by Huang Tingjian of Yuzhang, March, third year of the Yuanfu era.