芍药(赤白利,补。)
甘草(炙,或炒。)
干姜(炮。)
大黄(或生,或煨。)
芒硝(生。)
黄芩(不枯者,即子芩是也。)
黄连(洗,去须土。)
干葛(须家葛,干者。)
栀子(去壳。)
橘皮(陈者去白。)
生姜(薄切。)
桂枝(刮去粗皮。)
大枣(去核。)
麻黄(去根节。)
细辛(去苗,洗。)
附子(去皮尖,丸散炮,惟汤生用。)
鸡子黄(药熟方下。)
阿胶(同上。)
吴茱萸(汤洗。)
人参(去芦。)
桔梗(微炒。)
猪苓(去黑皮。)
茯苓(赤利,白补。)
泽泻(去苗。)
滑石(研。)
猪肤(去膜,切。)
枳实(去穣,麸炒。)
柴胡(去芦。)
乌梅(去核,取肉。)
当归(去芦,洗。)
川椒(去目,并闭口者。)
黄柏(刮去粗皮,或酥,或蜜炙,黄紫色。)
赤小豆(浸牙生,暴干,惟狐惑证如此。)
天门冬(去心皮。)
石膏(研。)
白术(去蒂。)
粳米(淘。)
杏仁(去皮尖,麸炒黄。为汤剂不炒。)
瓜丁(即瓜蒂也,末之。)
龙胆(去芦。)
梁上尘(筛过。)
小麦奴(即小麦秀出黑者。如无,炒小麦焦黑。)
饴糖(药熟方下。)
淡竹叶(锉。)
半夏(汤洗七遍。)
牡蛎粉(炒。)
防风(去芦。)
荛花(炒。如无,以桃花不炒代之。)
竹茹(刮淡竹。)
李根(甜李根,入土者刮去粗皮,取白皮,细锉。)
五味子(去梗。)
浓朴(姜炒。)
茵陈蒿(去梗。)
芫花(醋拌,新瓦上熳火炒焦紫色。)
甘遂(湿纸裹,煨用,赤皮连珠者。)
大戟(炒。)
本(去苗,洗。)
木通(刮去粗皮。)
鳖甲(去裙肉,醋炙焦黄色。)
豉(惟汤中以绢袋煮之。)
水蛭(水浸,去血子,米炒。)
虻虫(去翅足,糯米炒。)
桃仁(去皮尖,麸炒研,惟入汤生用。)
蜀漆(洗去腥。)
龙骨(研。)
朴硝(生。)
葶苈子(隔纸炒研,甜者用。)
栝蒌(焙,无黄脉者。)
贝母(去心,麸炒。)
雄黄(研。)
硫黄(研。)
太阴玄精石(味咸者。)
硝石(研。)
代赭(杵碎细,如入汤用则绵裹。)
地黄汁(取自然汁,若用湿地黄则切。)
芎 (即川芎。)
汉防己(纹如车轮气连者。)
黄 (去芦。)
薏苡仁(去壳。)
槟榔(半生半煨。)
旋复花(去梗。)
赤石脂(块锉。)
禹余粮(槌碎。)
连须葱白(寸切。)
荆芥穗(去梗。)
茅根(洗锉。)
薤白(切。)
熟艾(炒焦碾末,以竹筛筛过。)
麝香(研。)
丹砂(研。)
肉豆蔻(煨。)
石莲肉(炒。)
茴香(炒。)
丁香(不焙。)
枇杷叶(炙,刷去毛。)
大青叶(去根茎。)
秦艽(去芦。)
吴蓝(用叶。)
甘菊(须家园单叶者,或邓州白菊亦佳。)
竹沥(淡竹二尺长,截两头,以砖阁起,中间火烧,两头即竹沥滴处,以碗盛之。)
生艾汁(如无,以水浓研熟艾亦得。)
牡丹皮(去心。)
大麻仁(炒鸣取出,冷地上摊以新砖,磨破,簸去皮,以密筛筛过,择去壳。)
秦皮(锉,以汤浸,倾砚中碧色者真。)
犀角屑(怀中令暖,即杵碎,如无,以升麻代之。)
苦参(取皮。)
青黛(研。)
藜芦(去芦,炙。)
蔷薇茎叶(切。)
五倍子(去内中虫,炒。)
生射干(去须。)
猪脂(切。)
硼砂(研。)
僵蚕(炒,须白直者,而不湿黑者。)
草乌头尖(去黑皮用之。若用乌头,则皮并尖亦去之。炒焦紫色,惟荆芥散生用。)
砂(研。)
白矾(枯,与矾石同,惟硼砂散生用之。)
牙硝(生。)
霜梅上白盐(无,以白盐代之。)
焰硝(生。)
薤根(切。)
鼠矢(头尖硬者。)
芦根(去须,切。)
葛取粉(捣筛取之。)
生干地黄(生干者。)
踯躅(醋炒。)
贝齿(烧研。)
石菖蒲(去毛。)
独活(去芦。)
苦酒(米醋是也。)
手足指甲( 隐处烧。)
沙参(去芦。)
吴术(去皮。)
漏芦叶(无以山栀子代之。)
桦皮(细切。)
沉香(不焙。)
乳香(研。)
真脑子(研。)
灯心(切。)
桑白皮(切。)
红花子(槌碎。)
猪胆(用汁。)
菝 (去须。)
零陵香(去梗。)
柏实(去壳,研。)
虎头骨(镑。)
陵鲤甲 皮(杀鬼丸内生用,余皆炙焦。)
羊角(镑。)
樗鸡(去翅足,无即以芫青代之,芫青一枚,可准樗鸡三枚。)
空青(或无,以石碌代。)
萤火(焙。)
鬼箭(取羽,去木。)
东门上鸡头(焙。)
蒺藜(炒,以新砖磨去刺。)
铁锤柄(入铁槌烧焦者。)
车前草(切。)
生葛根(切。)
□参(去芦。)
羚羊角(镑,杵。)
寒水石(洗。)
前胡(去芦。)
紫菀(去芦。)
白茅根(去须,洗。)
白薇(去苗。)
乱发(皂角水洗,以清水洗之。)
羌活(去芦。)
白鲜皮(去心。)
生麦门冬(去心。)
牛膝(去芦,酒浸三宿,夏间一宿。)
白石脂(烧。)
紫石英(光明者,研。)
粉霜(研。)
龙齿(研,须极大者。)
蛇蜕皮(缠竹柱上,慢火炙。)
小麦(淘。)
糯米(淘。)
茯神(去皮木。)
钩藤皮(刮皮钩用。)
苍术(去粗皮。)
青橘皮(去白。)
猪牙皂角(刮去黑皮,或酥,或蜜炙。)
牵牛子(半生半炒,一两取末半两,入一下。)
枳壳(麸炒,去穣。)
鹿角屑(杵。)
藕汁(切,研汁。)
生姜汁(用自然汁,惟不用滓。)
荷叶(焙。)
天南星(炮,惟荆芥散生用。)
不 皂角(去两头及皮子。)
巴豆(去皮心膜,或炒焦紫色,或用汤煮,研细,压去油皆可,惟茵陈丸生用。赵泉黄膏去皮,
槌碎。)
百合(去心。如入汤用,则水浸一宿,拍碎,去白沫。惟百合滑石散□□□□。)
麻黄汤末
桂枝□□(□□□药方皆在可发汗证。□□□皆秤一半,和匀煎服。)
芍药(赤芍用于利湿,白芍用于补益。)
甘草(用炙法炮制,或者炒制。)
干姜(用炮法炮制。)
大黄(或者生用,或者煨制。)
芒硝(生用。)
黄芩(没有枯朽的,就是子芩。)
黄连(用水洗,去掉须根和泥土。)
干葛(必须选用家种的葛根,干燥者。)
栀子(去掉外壳。)
橘皮(陈久的橘皮,去掉白色内瓤。)
生姜(切成薄片。)
桂枝(刮去粗糙的外皮。)
大枣(去掉果核。)
麻黄(去掉根部和节部。)
细辛(去掉地上苗叶部分,水洗。)
附子(去掉外皮和尖部,制作丸散时炮制,只有做汤剂时才生用。)
鸡子黄(等药物煎煮成熟后放入。)
阿胶(同上,待药熟后放入。)
吴茱萸(用汤水清洗。)
人参(去掉芦头。)
桔梗(轻微炒制。)
猪苓(去掉黑色外皮。)
茯苓(赤茯苓用于利湿,白茯苓用于补益。)
泽泻(去掉苗叶部分。)
滑石(研磨。)
猪肤(去掉内膜,切块。)
枳实(去掉中空的瓤,用麦麸炒制。)
柴胡(去掉芦头。)
乌梅(去掉果核,取果肉。)
当归(去掉芦头,水洗。)
川椒(去掉目状突起,并剔除闭合不张开的果实。)
黄柏(刮去粗皮,或用酥油、蜂蜜炙烤,呈黄紫色。)
赤小豆(浸泡至发芽,晒干,只有治疗狐惑病证时才这样处理。)
天门冬(去掉心部和外皮。)
石膏(研磨。)
白术(去掉蒂部。)
粳米(淘洗。)
杏仁(去掉皮和尖,用麦麸炒黄。如果是做汤剂则不炒。)
瓜丁(即瓜蒂,研成粉末。)
龙胆(去掉芦头。)
梁上尘(筛过使用。)
小麦奴(即小麦抽穗后变黑的部分。如果没有,将小麦炒至焦黑即可。)
饴糖(等药物煎煮成熟后放入。)
淡竹叶(锉碎。)
半夏(用汤水清洗七遍。)
牡蛎粉(炒制。)
防风(去掉芦头。)
荛花(炒制。如果没有,用不炒的桃花代替。)
竹茹(刮取淡竹的内层纤维。)
李根(甜李根,深入土中的部分刮去粗皮,取白色内皮,细锉。)
五味子(去掉果梗。)
浓朴(用姜汁炒制。)
茵陈蒿(去掉果梗。)
芫花(用醋拌匀,在新瓦上用慢火炒至焦紫色。)
甘遂(用湿纸包裹,煨制使用,选择赤色皮且连珠状的。)
大戟(炒制。)
本(藁本,去掉苗叶,水洗。)
木通(刮去粗皮。)
鳖甲(去掉裙边肉,用醋炙至焦黄色。)
豉(只有在做汤剂时用绢袋装好煮。)
水蛭(用水浸泡,去掉血卵,用米炒。)
虻虫(去掉翅膀和足,用糯米炒。)
桃仁(去掉皮和尖,用麦麸炒后研磨,只有入汤剂时生用。)
蜀漆(水洗去腥味。)
龙骨(研磨。)
朴硝(生用。)
葶苈子(隔纸炒后研磨,甜味的使用。)
栝蒌(焙干,没有黄色脉络的。)
贝母(去掉心部,用麦麸炒。)
雄黄(研磨。)
硫黄(研磨。)
太阴玄精石(味道咸的。)
硝石(研磨。)
代赭(捣碎成细末,如果入汤剂则用绵布包裹。)
地黄汁(取自然汁液,如果使用鲜地黄则需切碎。)
川芎(即川芎。)
汉防己(纹理如车轮状、气脉相连的。)
黄芪(去掉芦头。)
薏苡仁(去掉外壳。)
槟榔(一半生用,一半煨制。)
旋复花(去掉果梗。)
赤石脂(块状锉碎。)
禹余粮(敲碎。)
连须葱白(切成寸段。)
荆芥穗(去掉果梗。)
茅根(洗净锉碎。)
薤白(切块。)
熟艾(炒焦碾成粉末,用竹筛筛过。)
麝香(研磨。)
丹砂(朱砂,研磨。)
肉豆蔻(煨制。)
石莲肉(炒制。)
茴香(炒制。)
丁香(不烘焙。)
枇杷叶(炙烤,刷去绒毛。)
大青叶(去掉根茎。)
秦艽(去掉芦头。)
吴蓝(使用叶片。)
甘菊(必须选用园种单叶的,或者邓州的白菊也很好。)
竹沥(取两尺长的淡竹,截断两头,架在砖上,中间火烧,两头流出的即为竹沥,用碗盛接。)
生艾汁(如果没有,用水浓研熟艾也可以。)
牡丹皮(去掉心部。)
大麻仁(炒至发出声响取出,摊在冷地上的新砖上,磨破,簸去外皮,用细密筛子筛过,挑选去除壳。)
秦皮(锉碎,用汤水浸泡,倒在砚台中呈现碧绿色的为真品。)
犀角屑(放在怀中使其温暖,然后捣碎,如果没有,用升麻代替。)
苦参(取根部皮。)
青黛(研磨。)
藜芦(去掉芦头,炙烤。)
蔷薇茎叶(切块。)
五倍子(去掉里面的虫子,炒制。)
生射干(去掉须根。)
猪脂(切块。)
硼砂(研磨。)
僵蚕(炒制,必须是洁白直挺、不潮湿发黑的。)
草乌头尖(去掉黑皮使用。如果使用整个乌头,则皮和尖都要去掉。炒至焦紫色,只有荆芥散中生用。)
砂(硇砂,研磨。)
白矾(枯矾,与矾石相同,只有硼砂散中生用。)
牙硝(生用。)
霜梅上白盐(如果没有,用白盐代替。)
焰硝(生用。)
薤根(切块。)
鼠矢(老鼠屎,头部尖硬者。)
芦根(去掉须根,切块。)
葛取粉(捣碎筛取淀粉。)
生干地黄(生晒干燥的地黄。)
踯躅(用醋炒制。)
贝齿(烧后研磨。)
石菖蒲(去掉毛。)
独活(去掉芦头。)
苦酒(即米醋。)
手足指甲(从隐蔽处剪下烧制。)
沙参(去掉芦头。)
吴术(白术,去掉外皮。)
漏芦叶(如果没有,用山栀子代替。)
桦皮(细切。)
沉香(不烘焙。)
乳香(研磨。)
真脑子(冰片,研磨。)
灯心(切块。)
桑白皮(切块。)
红花子(敲碎。)
猪胆(使用胆汁。)
菝葜(去掉须根。)
零陵香(去掉果梗。)
柏实(去掉外壳,研磨。)
虎头骨(镑成片。)
陵鲤甲皮(制作杀鬼丸时生用,其余都炙焦。)
羊角(镑成片。)
樗鸡(去掉翅膀和足,没有就用芫青代替,一枚芫青可抵三枚樗鸡。)
空青(如果没有,用石碌代替。)
萤火(焙干。)
鬼箭(取羽状部分,去掉木质部分。)
东门上鸡头(焙干。)
蒺藜(炒制,用新砖磨去刺。)
铁锤柄(入铁槌烧焦的部分。)
车前草(切块。)
生葛根(切块。)
□参(去掉芦头。)
羚羊角(镑成片,捣碎。)
寒水石(清洗。)
前胡(去掉芦头。)
紫菀(去掉芦头。)
白茅根(去掉须根,洗净。)
白薇(去掉苗叶。)
乱发(用皂角水洗,再用清水洗。)
羌活(去掉芦头。)
白鲜皮(去掉心部。)
生麦门冬(去掉心部。)
牛膝(去掉芦头,酒浸三天,夏季浸一天。)
白石脂(烧制。)
紫石英(质地光明的,研磨。)
粉霜(研磨。)
龙齿(研磨,必须选极大的。)
蛇蜕皮(缠在竹柱上,慢火炙烤。)
小麦(淘洗。)
糯米(淘洗。)
茯神(去掉外皮和木质部分。)
钩藤皮(刮去皮,只用钩部。)
苍术(去掉粗皮。)
青橘皮(去掉白色内瓤。)
猪牙皂角(刮去黑皮,或用酥油、蜂蜜炙烤。)
牵牛子(一半生用一半炒,一两取半两粉末,一次服用。)
枳壳(用麦麸炒,去掉瓤。)
鹿角屑(捣碎。)
藕汁(切碎,研磨取汁。)
生姜汁(取自然汁液,只取汁不用渣。)
荷叶(焙干。)
天南星(炮制,只有荆芥散中生用。)
不 皂角(去掉两头及皮和籽。)
巴豆(去掉皮、心和膜,或者炒至焦紫色,或者用汤水煮,研磨细,压榨去油都可以,只有茵陈丸中生用。赵泉黄膏去皮,敲碎。)
百合(去掉心部。如果入汤剂,则用水浸泡一夜,拍碎,去掉白沫。只有百合滑石散...)
麻黄汤末
桂枝□□(□□□药方皆在可发汗证。□□□皆秤一半,和匀煎服。)
Radix Paeoniae Rubra (Chishao, Red Peony Root) is used for draining dampness; Radix Paeoniae Alba (Baishao, White Peony Root) is used for tonification.
Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (Zhigancao, Prepared Licorice Root) is prepared by roasting with honey or stir-fried.
Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum (Ganjiang, Dried Ginger Rhizome) is prepared by charring.
Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang, Rhubarb) may be used raw or baked.
Natrii Sulfas (Mangxiao, Mirabilite) is used raw.
Radix Scutellariae (Huangqin, Skullcap Root) should not be woody; this refers to the young root (Ziqin).
Rhizoma Coptidis (Huanglian, Coptis Rhizome) is washed with water, and roots and soil are removed.
Rhizoma Bupleuri Secali (Gange, Dried Kudzu Root) must be from cultivated sources and dried.
Fructus Gardeniae (Zhizi, Gardenia Fruit) has its shell removed.
Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae (Jupi, Tangerine Peel) should be aged, and the white pith removed.
Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens (Shengjiang, Fresh Ginger) is sliced thinly.
Ramulus Cinnamomi (Guizhi, Cinnamon Twig) has the rough bark scraped off.
Fructus Jujubae (Dazao, Chinese Date) has the pit removed.
Herba Ephedrae (Mahuang, Ephedra) has the roots and nodes removed.
Herba Asari (Xixin, Asiatic Sweetflag Rhizome) has the aerial parts removed and is washed.
Tuber Aconiti Lateralis Preparatum (Fuzi, Prepared Lateral Root of Aconite) has the skin and tip removed; it is roasted for pills and powders, but used raw for decoctions.
Ovum Gallii Domestici (Jizihuang, Egg Yolk) is added after the medicine is cooked.
Corium Colla (Ejiao, Donkey-hide Glue) is added in the same manner as egg yolk.
Fructus Evodiae (Wuzhuyu, Evodia Fruit) is washed with hot water.
Radix Ginseng (Renshen, Ginseng Root) has the rhizome (lu) removed.
Radix Platycodonis (Jiegeng, Balloon Flower Root) is lightly stir-fried.
Polyporus (Zhuling, Poria) has the black skin removed.
Poria (Fuling, Poria) is red for draining dampness and white for tonification.
Radix Alismatis (Zexie, Water Plantain Rhizome) has the stem removed.
Talcum (Huashi, Talc) is ground.
Cutis Porci (Zhufu, Pig Skin) has the membrane removed and is cut.
Fructus Aurantii Immaturus (Zhishi, Immature Bitter Orange) has the pulp removed and is stir-fried with bran.
Radix Bupleuri (Chaihu, Bupleurum Root) has the rhizome removed.
Fructus Mume (Wumei, Smoked Plum) has the pit removed, and the flesh is used.
Radix Angelicae Sinensis (Danggui, Chinese Angelica Root) has the rhizome removed and is washed.
Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis (Chuanjiao, Sichuan Pepper) has the eyes removed, and closed fruits are discarded.
Cortex Phellodendri (Huangbai, Phellodendron Bark) has the rough bark scraped off, or is fried with lard or honey until yellow-purple.
Semini Phaseoli Angularis (Chixiaodou, Red Bean) is soaked until sprouted, then sun-dried; this preparation is specific for Huhuo syndrome.
Tuber Asparagi (Tianmendong, Asparagus Tuber) has the heart and skin removed.
Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, Gypsum) is ground.
Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae (Baizhu, Large-headed Atractylodes Rhizome) has the stalk removed.
Semen Oryzae Sativae (Jingmi, Japonica Rice) is rinsed.
Semen Prunus Armeniacae (Xingren, Apricot Seed) has the skin and tip removed and is stir-fried with bran until yellow; do not fry for decoctions.
Fructus Trichosanthis (Guading, i.e., Goudi, Melon Tip) is ground into powder.
Radix Gentianae (Longdan, Gentian Root) has the rhizome removed.
Chenpi Liangshangchen (Liangshangchen, Dust from Roof Beams) is sieved.
Xiaomai Nu (Xiaomai Nu, Blackened Wheat Sprouts) refers to wheat that has bolted and turned black; if unavailable, stir-fry wheat until charred.
Maltose (Yitang) is added after the medicine is cooked.
Folium Lophatheri (Danzhuye, Lophatherum Leaf) is chopped.
Rhizoma Pinelliae Preparatum (Banxia, Prepared Pinellia Tuber) is washed seven times with hot water.
Concha Ostreae (Muli, Oyster Shell) is ground into powder and stir-fried.
Radix Saposhnikoviae (Fangfeng, Saposhnikovia Root) has the rhizome removed.
Flos Euphorbiae (Raohua, Euphorbia Flower) is stir-fried; if unavailable, use un-fried Peach Blossom.
Caulis Bambusae in Taenia (Zhuru, Bamboo Shavings) is scraped from Bambusa textilis.
Cortex Pruni (Ligen, Plum Root Bark) from sweet plum roots growing underground has the rough bark scraped off, and the white inner bark is finely chopped.
Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis (Wuweizi, Schisandra Berry) has the stems removed.
Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis (Nhoupo, Magnolia Bark) is stir-fried with ginger juice.
Herba Artemisiae Scopariae (Yinchenhao, Wormwood Herb) has the stems removed.
Flos Genkwa (Yuanhua, Genkwa Flower) is mixed with vinegar and slowly stir-fried on a new tile until dark purple.
Radix Kansui (Gansui, Kansui Root) is wrapped in wet paper and baked; select those with red skin and bead-like appearance.
Radix Euphorbiae Pekinensis (Daji, Peking Spurge Root) is stir-fried.
Rhizoma Ligustici Wallichii (Ben, Ligusticum Rhizome) has the leaves removed and is washed.
Caulis Tetrapanacis (Mutong, Tetrapanax Stem) has the rough bark scraped off.
Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis (Biejia, Turtle Shell) has the skirt meat removed and is stir-fried with vinegar until yellow-brown.
Folium Sojae Preparatum (Chi, Fermented Soybean) is boiled in a silk bag only for decoctions.
Sanguis Hirudinis (Shuizhi, Leech) is soaked in water, blood eggs removed, and stir-fried with rice.
Insectus Blatta Orientalis (Mengchong, Blowfly Larva) has wings and legs removed and is stir-fried with glutinous rice.
Semen Persicae (Taoren, Peach Seed) has the skin and tip removed, stir-fried with bran and ground; use raw for decoctions.
Herba Perillae (Shuqi, Perilla Herb) is washed to remove fishy odor.
Os Draconis (Longgu, Fossil Bone) is ground.
Natrii Sulfas (Puxiao, Glauber's Salt) is used raw.
Semen Lepidii (Tinglizi, Lepidium Seed) is stir-fried between papers and ground; use sweet variety.
Fructus Trichosanthis (Gualou, Trichosanthes Fruit) is baked; select those without yellow veins.
Rhizoma Belamcandae (Beimu, Belamcanda Rhizome) has the heart removed and is stir-fried with bran.
Realgar (Xionghuang, Realgar) is ground.
Sulfur (Liuhuang, Sulfur) is ground.
Taiyin Xuanjingshi (Taiyin Xuanjingshi, Taiyin Crystal Stone) should taste salty.
Natrii Nitras (Xiaoshi, Niter) is ground.
Haematites (Daizhe, Hematite) is crushed fine; if for decoction, wrap in cotton.
Succus Rehumatis (Dihuangzhi, Rehmannia Juice) is extracted naturally; if using fresh Rehmannia, slice it.
Rhizoma Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong, Szechwan Lovage Rhizome) is also known as Chuanxiong.
Radix Stephaniae Tetrandrae (Hanfangji, Stephania Root) should have wheel-like patterns and connected qi.
Radix Astragali Membranacei (Huangqi, Astragalus Root) has the rhizome removed.
Semen Coicis (Yiyiren, Coix Seed) has the husk removed.
Fructus Arecae (Binglang, Betel Nut) is half raw and half baked.
Flos Inulae (Xuanjufang, Inula Flower) has the stems removed.
Lapis Kaolinicus Ruber (Chishizhi, Red Halloysite) is chunk-chopped.
Lapis Limonitis (Yuyuliang, Limonite) is hammered into pieces.
Caulium Allii Fistulosi (Lianxu Congbai, Green Onion White with Roots) is cut into inch-lengths.
Spica Schizonepetae (Jingjisui, Schizonepeta Spike) has the stems removed.
Radix Imperatae (Maogen, Cogongrass Root) is washed and chopped.
Rhizoma Allii Macrostemonis (Xiebai, Large-leaved Garlic Rhizome) is cut.
Folium Artemisiae Argyi (Shuai, Moxa Leaf) is stir-fried until charred, powdered, and sieved through bamboo.
Moschus (Shexiang, Musk) is ground.
Cinnabaris (Dansha, Cinnabar) is ground.
Semen Myristicae (Rudoukou, Nutmeg) is baked.
Semen Nelumbinis (Shilianrou, Lotus Seed Plumule) is stir-fried.
Fructus Foeniculi (Huixiang, Fennel Fruit) is stir-fried.
Flos Caryophylli (Dingxiang, Clove) is not roasted.
Folium Eriobotryae (Pipaye, Loquat Leaf) is roasted, and hairs are brushed off.
Folium Isatidis (Daqingye, Indigo Leaf) has roots and stems removed.
Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae (Qinjiao, Large-leaf Gentian Root) has the rhizome removed.
Folium Isatidis (Wulan, Isatis Leaf) uses the leaves.
Flos Chrysanthemi (Ganju, Chrysanthemum Flower) must be single-leaved garden varieties; Dengzhou white chrysanthemum is also good.
Succus Bambusae (Zhuli, Bamboo Juice) is obtained by heating a two-foot section of Bambusa textilda suspended on bricks; collect the dripping juice in bowls.
Succus Artemisiae Argyi (Shengaiji, Fresh Moxa Juice) can be made by grinding roasted moxa with water if fresh is unavailable.
Cortex Moutan (Mudanpi, Tree Peony Bark) has the heart removed.
Semen Cannabis (Dama Ren, Hemp Seed) is stir-fried until popping, spread on cool bricks, ground, winnowed to remove husks, and sieved.
Cortex Fraxini (Qinpi, Ash Bark) is chopped, soaked in hot water, and poured into an inkstone; green color indicates authenticity.
Cornu Rhinocerotis (Xijiaoxie, Rhino Horn Slivers) is warmed in the hand before crushing; if unavailable, use Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma).
Radix Sophorae Flavescentis (Kushen, Sophora Root) uses the bark.
Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai, Indigo) is ground.
Rhizoma Veratri (Lilu, Veratrum Rhizome) has the rhizome removed and is roasted.
Caulis et Folium Rosae (Qiangweijingye, Rose Stem and Leaf) is cut.
Fructus Gambiris (Wubeizi, Chinese Gall) has insects removed and is stir-fried.
Radix Belamcandae (Shengshegan, Fresh Belamcanda Root) has roots removed.
Adeps Sus (Zhuzhi, Pig Fat) is cut.
Borax (Pengsha, Borax) is ground.
Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan, Silkworm) is stir-fried; select white, straight, non-black specimens.
Caulis Aconiti Kusnezoffii (Caowutoujian, Aconite Tip) has black skin removed; if using whole Aconite, remove skin and tip. Stir-fry until dark purple; use raw only for Jingjie San.
Naohua (Sha, Sodium Chloride) is ground.
Alumen (Baifan, Alum) is calcined; same as Fan Shi, but use raw for Pengsha San.
Natrii Sulfas (Yaxiao, Saltpeter) is used raw.
Shuangmei Shang Baiyan (Shuangmei Shang Baiyan, White Salt from Frost Plums) can be replaced with regular white salt.
Xiaosha (Yanxiao, Saltpeter) is used raw.
Radix Allii Macrostemonis (Xiegen, Garlic Root) is cut.
Excrementum Musca (Shushi, Rat Dropping) selects those with sharp, hard heads.
Rhizoma Imperatae (Lugen, Cogongrass Rhizome) has roots removed and is cut.
Amylum Puerariae (Ge Qu Fen, Kudzu Starch) is pounded and sieved.
Radix Rehumatis Preparata (Sheng Gan Dihuang, Dried Rehmannia Root) is air-dried.
Flos Rhododendri Daurici (Zhizhu, Rhododendron Flower) is stir-fried with vinegar.
Dens Equinus (Beichi, Horse Tooth) is burned and ground.
Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii (Shichangpu, Sweetflag Rhizome) has hairs removed.
Radix Angelicae Pubescentis (Duhuo, Double Umbrella Root) has the rhizome removed.
Acetum (Ku Jiu, Vinegar) is rice vinegar.
Unguis Manus et Pedis (Shouzhi Jiawajia, Finger and Toe Nails) are burned from hidden areas.
Radix Adenophorae (Shashen, Ladybell Root) has the rhizome removed.
Rhizoma Atractylodis (Wushu, Atractylodes Rhizome) has the skin removed.
Folium Euphorbiae Humifusae (Loulu Ye, Prostrate Spurge Leaf) can be replaced with Gardeniae Fructus (Shanzhizi) if unavailable.
Cortex Betulae (Huapi, Birch Bark) is finely cut.
Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum (Chenxiang, Agarwood) is not roasted.
Resina Incense (Ruxiang, Frankincense) is ground.
Borneolum Syntheticum (Zhen Naoz, Borneol) is ground.
Caulis Junci (Dengxin, Rush Pith) is cut.
Cortex Morii (Sangbaipi, Mulberry Root Bark) is cut.
Flos Carthami Tinctorii (Honghua Zi, Safflower Seed) is crushed.
Vesicula Bilella Sus (Zhudan, Pig Gallbladder) uses the bile.
Radix Smilacis Glabrae (Baqian, Smooth Carrion Flower Root) has roots removed.
Herba Lingling (Linglingxiang, Andropogon Herb) has stems removed.
Semen Platycladi (Baishi, Arborvitae Seed) has shells removed and is ground.
Os Tigridis (Hutougu, Tiger Bone) is shaved.
Carapax Cuorae (Lingli Jia Pi, Cuora Shell) is used raw in Sha Gui Wan; otherwise, roast until charred.
Cornu Ovis (Yangjiao, Sheep Horn) is shaved.
Lytta Coriacea (Quji, Blister Beetle) has wings and legs removed; replace with Mylabris (Yuanqing), where one Yuanqing equals three Quji.
Azurite (Kongqing) can be replaced with Malachite (Shilu) if unavailable.
Luminous Larva Luciferae (Yinghuo, Firefly) is roasted.
Ramulus Eucommiae Ulmoides (Guijian, Eucommia Twig) uses the feather-like parts, removing wood.
Caput Gallinae (Dongmen Shang Jitou, Chicken Head from East Gate) is roasted.
Fructus Tribuli (Jili, Tribulus Fruit) is stir-fried, and spines are ground off with new bricks.
Manubrium Martelli (Tiechui Bing, Iron Hammer Handle) uses the charred iron part.
Herba Plantaginis (Cheqian Cao, Plantago Herb) is cut.
Radix Puerariae Lobatae (Sheng Gegen, Fresh Kudzu Root) is cut.
[Missing Character] Shen ([ ] Shen) has the rhizome removed.
Cornu Saigae Tataricae (Lingyangjiao, Saiga Antelope Horn) is shaved and crushed.
Lapis Aquae Frigidae (Hanshui Shi, Cold Water Stone) is washed.
Radix Peucedani (Qianhu, Peucedan Root) has the rhizome removed.
Flos Asteris Tatarici (Ziwan, Aster Flower) has the rhizome removed.
Radix Imperatae Cylindricae (Baimaogen, Cogongrass Root) has roots removed and is washed.
Radix Cynanchi Atrati (Baiwei, Dark Cynanchum Root) has aerial parts removed.
Crinis Depressus (Luankun, Human Hair) is washed with Gleditsia sinensis water and then clear water.
Radix Notopterygii (Qianghuo, Notopterygium Root) has the rhizome removed.
Cortex Dictamni (Baixianpi, Dictamnus Bark) has the heart removed.
Radix Ophiopogonis (Sheng Maidong, Fresh Ophiopogon Root) has the heart removed.
Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae (Niuxi, Achyranthes Root) has the rhizome removed, soaked in wine for three days (one day in summer).
Lapis Kaolinicus (Baishizhi, White Halloysite) is burned.
Fluorite (Zhi Shiy ing, Fluorspar) should be bright and ground.
Sublimated Arsenic Trioxide (Fenshuang, Arsenic Powder) is ground.
Dens Draconis (Longchi, Dragon Teeth) is ground; select large pieces.
Exuvias Bombycis Mori (Shetuipi, Snake Skin) is roasted slowly on a bamboo pole.
Semen Triticici (Xiaomai, Wheat) is rinsed.
Semen Oryzae Glutinosa (Nuomi, Glutinous Rice) is rinsed.
Poria cum Radice (Fushen, Poria with Wood) has bark and wood removed.
Ramulus Uncariae cum Uncis (Gouteng Pi, Hookvine Stem) uses the peeled hook.
Rhizoma Atractylodis Lanceae (Cangzhu, Lanceolate Atractylodes Rhizome) has rough skin removed.
Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride (Qingjupi, Green Tangerine Peel) has white pith removed.
Fructus Gleditsiae Sinensis (Zhuya Zaojiao, Chinese Honeylocust Pod) has black skin removed, or fried with lard or honey.
Semen Kochiae (Qianniu Zi, Morning Glory Seed) is half raw and half fried; take half an ounce powder from one ounce, administered once.
Pericarpium Aurantii Immaturum (Zhike, Immature Bitter Orange Peel) is stir-fried with bran and pulp removed.
Cornu Cervi Deglutitum (Lujiaoxie, Deer Horn Scrapings) is crushed.
Succus Nucis Viniferae (Ou Zhi, Lotus Root Juice) is cut, ground, and juiced.
Succus Zingiberis Recens (Shengjiang Zhi, Fresh Ginger Juice) is natural juice, no residue.
Folium Nelumbinis (Heye, Lotus Leaf) is roasted.
Rhizoma Pinelliae Ternatae (Tiannanxing, Pinellia Tuber) is processed; use raw only for Jingjie San.
Fructus Gleditsiae Sinensis (Bu Dao Zaojiao, Gleditsia Fruit) has ends, skin, and seeds removed.
Semen Crotonis Tiglii (Badou, Croton Seed) has skin, heart, and membrane removed; can be fried until dark purple, boiled, ground, or pressed to remove oil; use raw only for Yinchen Wan. Zhao Quan Huang Gao removes skin and crushes.
Rhizoma Lilii (Baihe, Lily Bulb) has heart removed. For decoctions, soak overnight, crush, and remove white foam; specific to Baihe Huashi San.
Powder of Decoctum Ma Huang (Mahuang Tang Mo)
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