自利者，不经下药攻里而自利也。脉浮表不解自利，或小便不利者，五苓散（二十四）。一切泻痢
间作，桂苓甘露饮（三十四）。温湿内甚而作痢者，黄连解毒汤（二十一）。或自利清水，色钝青，心
下痞痛。口燥者，皆湿热相搏于肠胃之内
而成，三一承气汤（十三）。当汗而反下，及不成结胸而但下利清谷不化，表证在，表热里寒也，急以
四逆汤（四十三）温里；利止里和，急以桂枝解表。或用巴豆热药下之而协热利不止，皆宜五苓
散止利兼解表。
小便不利者，小便难而赤涩也。中暑并伤寒大发汗后，胃中干、烦躁不得眠、脉浮、小便不利、微
热烦渴者；口干烦渴，小便不利者；小便赤涩，通宜五苓散（二十四）、桂苓甘露饮（三十四）主之。
凡呕吐者，火性上炎也，无问表里，通宜凉膈散（二十三）。伤寒杂病，一切呕吐，调胃承气汤（十
一）。烦闷干呕，黄连解毒汤（二十一）。呕吐烦渴者，桂苓甘露饮（三十四）、五苓散（二十四）。
眩、咳呕者，白虎（二十二）加半夏、橘皮。伤寒呕吐，四肢厥逆清冷，调胃散（五十）。湿温内甚，
恶心呕吐者，白虎合解毒汤。
吐泻者，上吐下泻，亦名霍乱也。一切吐泻霍乱，通宜五苓散（二十四）、益元散（五十二）、白
术散（四十二）。吐泻霍乱烦渴，并中外诸邪所伤而吐泻腹满痛闷者，并皆桂苓甘露饮（三十四
）、澹渗汤（二十五）。
自利，是指未经过泻下药攻逐里实而自然发生的腹泻。如果脉象浮、表证未解且出现自利，或者伴有小便不利的症状，使用五苓散（方剂编号二十四）。凡是泄泻与痢疾交替发作的情况，使用桂苓甘露饮（方剂编号三十四）。如果是寒湿内盛导致的痢疾，使用黄连解毒汤（方剂编号二十一）。如果是自利排出清水，颜色深青，心下部位痞塞疼痛，口干燥的，这都是湿热在肠胃内部相互搏结所致，使用三一承气汤（方剂编号十三）。本应发汗却反而误用下法，以及没有形成结胸证但仅出现下利清谷（大便中有未消化的食物）、表证仍在、表现为表热里寒的情况，急需使用四逆汤（方剂编号四十三）温补里阳；待腹泻停止、里气调和后，立即使用桂枝汤（方剂编号未列出，文中仅称桂枝解表）解除表邪。或者因使用巴豆等热性泻药导致协热利（伴随发热的腹泻）不止的，都适宜使用五苓散来止利并兼以解表。
小便不利，是指排尿困难且尿液短赤涩痛。中暑以及伤寒在大发汗之后，出现胃中干燥、烦躁不得安眠、脉浮、小便不利、微热烦渴的症状；或者口干烦渴、小便不利的；或者小便短赤涩痛的，通通适宜使用五苓散（方剂编号二十四）、桂苓甘露饮（方剂编号三十四）为主进行治疗。
凡是呕吐的病症，都是火性上炎所致，无论病在表还是在里，通通适宜使用凉膈散（方剂编号二十三）。伤寒及杂病引起的一切呕吐，使用调胃承气汤（方剂编号十一）。出现烦闷、干呕症状的，使用黄连解毒汤（方剂编号二十一）。呕吐且伴有烦渴症状的，使用桂苓甘露饮（方剂编号三十四）、五苓散（方剂编号二十四）。出现眩晕、咳嗽伴呕吐症状的，使用白虎汤（方剂编号二十二）加入半夏、橘皮。伤寒引起的呕吐，伴有四肢厥冷清冷的，使用调胃散（方剂编号五十）。湿温病内盛，出现恶心呕吐的，使用白虎汤合黄连解毒汤。
吐泻，即上吐下泻，也称为霍乱。一切吐泻霍乱病症，通通适宜使用五苓散（方剂编号二十四）、益元散（方剂编号五十二）、白术散（方剂编号四十二）。吐泻霍乱伴有烦渴，以及因内外各种邪气损伤而导致吐泻、腹部胀满疼痛闷乱的，都适宜使用桂苓甘露饮（方剂编号三十四）、澹渗汤（方剂编号二十五）。
Zili (spontaneous diarrhea) refers to diarrhea occurring naturally without prior administration of purgative drugs to attack the interior. If the pulse is floating, the exterior syndrome remains unresolved, and spontaneous diarrhea occurs, or if accompanied by difficulty in urination, Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) [Formula No. 24] should be used. For cases where diarrhea and dysentery occur intermittently, Guiling Ganlu Yin (Cassia Twig and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction for Sweet Dew) [Formula No. 34] should be used. For dysentery caused by severe internal cold-dampness, Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity) [Formula No. 21] should be used. For spontaneous diarrhea involving the passage of clear water with a dark green color, epigastric fullness and pain, and dry mouth, these are all caused by damp-heat clashing within the intestines and stomach; Sanyi Chengqi Tang (Three-One Purging Decoction) [Formula No. 13] should be used. When sweating should have been induced but downward purgation was mistakenly applied, resulting in no chest knotting but only diarrhea with undigested food, while exterior symptoms persist, indicating exterior heat and interior cold, Si Ni Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) [Formula No. 43] should be urgently administered to warm the interior; once the diarrhea stops and the interior harmonizes, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) should be urgently used to resolve the exterior. Or, if Xiere li (diarrhea accompanying fever) persists due to the use of hot purgatives such as Crotonis Fructus (Badou), Wuling San should be suitable to stop the diarrhea and simultaneously resolve the exterior.
Difficulty in urination refers to difficult urination with scanty, red, and burning urine. After excessive sweating in cases of summerheat combined with cold damage, if there is dryness in the stomach, irritability, inability to sleep, floating pulse, difficulty in urination, slight fever, and vexatious thirst; or dry mouth with vexatious thirst and difficulty in urination; or scanty, red, and burning urine, Wuling San [Formula No. 24] and Guiling Ganlu Yin [Formula No. 34] should generally be used as the primary treatment.
For all vomiting conditions, it is due to the upward flaming nature of fire. Regardless of whether the pathology is in the exterior or interior, Liangge San (Cooling the Diaphragm Powder) [Formula No. 23] should generally be used. For all vomiting caused by cold damage and miscellaneous diseases, Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulating the Stomach and Purging Decoction) [Formula No. 11] should be used. For cases with irritability, oppression, and dry retching, Huanglian Jiedu Tang [Formula No. 21] should be used. For vomiting accompanied by vexatious thirst, Guiling Ganlu Yin [Formula No. 34] and Wuling San [Formula No. 24] should be used. For dizziness, cough, and vomiting, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) [Formula No. 22] added with Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia) and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) should be used. For vomiting caused by cold damage accompanied by cold and chilled extremities, Tiaowei San (Regulating the Stomach Powder) [Formula No. 50] should be used. For severe internal wet-warmth causing nausea and vomiting, Baihu Tang combined with Jiedu Tang should be used.
Tuxie (vomiting and diarrhea) refers to simultaneous vomiting and diarrhea, also known as Huoluan (cholera-like syndrome). For all cases of vomiting, diarrhea, and Huoluan, Wuling San [Formula No. 24], Yiyuan San (Benefit Origin Powder) [Formula No. 52], and Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) [Formula No. 42] should generally be used. For Huoluan with vomiting and diarrhea accompanied by vexatious thirst, or for vomiting and diarrhea with abdominal fullness, pain, and oppression caused by various external and internal pathogenic factors, Guiling Ganlu Yin [Formula No. 34] and Danshen Tang (Light Leeching Decoction) [Formula No. 25] should both be used.