Shen Jin'ao's commentary: The *Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases* (*Shanghan Zabing Lun*) consists of sixteen volumes and is the original work of Zhang Zhongjing. The section discussing Six Meridian cold damage is referred to as the *Treatise on Cold Damage* (*Shanghan Lun*), while the section discussing miscellaneous diseases is referred to as the *Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Casket* (*Jingui Yaolue*). These books were compiled and arranged by Wang Shuhe and do not represent Zhang Zhongjing's original manuscripts. Among the symptoms of cold damage, there are four conditions: Baihe Bing (Lily Disease), Huhuo Bing (Huhuo Disease), Yang Du (Yang Toxin), and Yin Du (Yin Toxin). All belong to the category of cold damage, and many people suffer from them. However, in the discussion of Six Meridian cold damage, none of these are mentioned. If one regards Wang Shuhe's compiled works as Zhang Zhongjing's originals, how could it be that diseases belonging to cold damage are completely omitted in the *Shanghan Lun*, yet their symptoms and treatments are detailed in the *Jingui*? Nevertheless, since Baihe Bing, Huhuo Bing, Yin Du, and Yang Du are diseases within the scope of cold damage symptoms, they should not be absent from the *Shanghan Lun*. To fill this gap, one must resort to adopting the discussions from the chapters of the *Jingui Yaolue*. Why? Because the content in the *Jingui* and other chapters originally comes from Zhang Zhongjing's sixteen volumes of *Treatise on Cold Pathogenic and Miscellaneous Diseases*; it is not a separate theory. Using Zhang Zhongjing's book to supplement the gaps in his own treatise may seem like borrowing from another text now, but at that time, it was indeed not borrowing. Therefore, for these four conditions, I have recorded the words from the *Jingui* as the main outline.

[Outline] Zhang Zhongjing stated in the *Jingui Yaolue*: In the discussion, it is said that Baihe Bing (Lily Disease) occurs when all the vessels of the body, originating from one source, are affected by disease. The patient desires to eat but cannot; often wishes to lie still silently but cannot rest; wants to walk but cannot move; sometimes finds food delicious, and at other times cannot bear the smell of food; feels cold but is not actually cold; feels hot but is not actually hot; has a bitter taste in the mouth; urine is red; various medicines fail to cure it, and taking medicine results in severe vomiting and diarrhea, as if possessed by spirits; the physical appearance seems normal, but the pulse is slightly rapid. If headache occurs during urination, recovery takes sixty days. If there is no headache during the illness but only a sensation of chilliness (like wind blowing), recovery takes forty days. If urination is comfortable but accompanied by dizziness, recovery takes twenty days. This condition may manifest symptoms before the onset of the disease, or appear four to five days after onset, or twenty days later, or even after a month. Treatment should follow the specific symptoms.

[Commentary] Xu Bin said: This describes patients with cold damage whose righteous qi is insufficient to resist pathogenic factors, causing the pathogens to infiltrate the meridians. The resulting symptoms are chaotic and cannot be classified into specific meridians. It is called Baihe Bing (Lily Disease) because all the vessels of the body are diseased, yet they share a common origin. Thus, each vessel suffers, but the name does not refer to a single localized disease. Patients feel hindered in walking, standing, sitting, lying, eating, and drinking, and exhibit symptoms such as alternating chills and fever, bitter taste, red urine, vomiting, and diarrhea. Symptoms worsen upon taking medicine. The physical appearance remains seemingly normal, making the condition elusive. The chills and fever resemble Shaoyang disease; red urine resembles Taiyang disease; vomiting and diarrhea resemble Sanjiao (Triple Burner) organ disease, where pathogens have not deeply entered the zang organs. One fears that if pathogens linger in the yang meridians and knot in the brain, escape will be difficult, but it is not an incurable disease. Headache during urination indicates deep pathology; absence of headache with chilliness indicates shallower pathology; comfort during urination with dizziness indicates even shallower pathology. Hence, recovery time accelerates gradually. Additionally, the *Qianjin Fang* states: Chills and vomiting indicate pathology in the Upper Jiao, recovering in 23 days; abdominal fullness, slight wheezing, hard stool, infrequent bowel movements (once every 3-4 days), and occasional loose stools indicate pathology in the Middle Jiao, recovering in 63 days; dribbling and difficult urination indicate pathology in the Lower Jiao, recovering in 33 days. Thus, this disease involves pathogens knotting internally with slight differentiation among the three Jiaos. Treatment should harmonize according to the three Jiaos.

[Outline] Zhang Zhongjing stated in the *Jingui Yaolue*: For Baihe Bing (Lily Disease) following sweating therapy, Baihe Zhi Mu Tang (Lily and Anemarrhena Decoction) is the primary treatment. For Baihe Bing following purgation therapy, Huashi Daizhe Tang (Talcum and Hematite Decoction) is the primary treatment. For Baihe Bing following emesis therapy, Baihe Jizi Tang (Lily and Egg Yolk Decoction) is the primary treatment. For Baihe Bing not subjected to emesis, purgation, or sweating, with symptoms remaining unchanged, Baihe Dihuang Tang (Lily and Rehmannia Decoction) is the primary treatment.

[Commentary] Xu Bin said: The twelve meridians all converge and originate in the Lung, and the Cun Kou pulse is formed here. When Zhang Zhongjing annotated Baihe Bing saying "all vessels originate from one source and are all diseased," did he not mean that the disease of all vessels, which is indescribable, ultimately originates from the Lung? Baihe (Lily Bulb) is a herb that tonifies the Lung. Using it to treat Baihe Bing makes Zhang Zhongjing's intention to treat via the Lung clear. Why did he not explicitly mention the Lung? Probably because Baihe Bing is residual pathogen from cold damage lingering in the yang meridians and infiltrating the yin aspects of the fu organs. Lacking righteous qi to govern them, they become independent diseases, pulling on each other as if from one source, yet presenting no typical lung symptoms. This indicates that although the disease is not in the Lung, the Lung's regulatory function is impaired. Therefore, Baihe is used to assist the Lung's righteous qi to harmonize with other organs and resolve stagnation. In cases following sweating, excessive sweating damages yang qi, leading to yang deficiency and heat constraint; neither attacking nor tonifying is appropriate. Thus, Baihe is combined with Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) to nourish yin, and Quanshui (Spring Water) to clear heat, allowing yang pathogens to transform naturally. In cases following purgation, excessive purgation damages yin fluids, leaving deficient pathogens in the yin; yin deficiency leads to flaming fire; attacking or tonifying is useless. Thus, Baihe is combined with Huashi (Talcum) and Daizhe (Hematite) to unblock yang qi, allowing yin qi to regulate itself. In cases following emesis, emesis damages yuan qi, preventing jing (essence) from ascending. Thus, Baihe is combined with Jizi (Egg Yolk) to nourish yuan yin and promote Lung qi movement, balancing qi and blood and harmonizing yin and yang. In cases not subjected to emesis, purgation, or sweating, there is no concern for damaging yin or yang. However, if symptoms remain unchanged, it corresponds to the Taiyang disease mentioned in the *Shanghan Lun*. If unresolved initially, it indicates extreme exhaustion of yang meridians and depletion of yin qi. Since the Heart is the master of the five zang organs, Dihuang (Rehmannia Root) is used for its cooling and heart-tonifying properties, combined with Baihe and Quanshui to nourish yin and resolve long-standing pathogens in the yang meridians.

[Outline] Zhang Zhongjing stated in the *Jingui Yaolue*: For Baihe Bing persisting for a month without recovery, developing thirst, Baili Xi Fang (Lily Wash Formula) is the primary treatment. For Baihe Bing with thirst that does not improve, Gualou Muli San (Trichosanthes Powder with Oyster Shell) is the primary treatment.

[Commentary] Xu Bin said: There is yang thirst and yin thirst. The thirst arising from Baihe Bing is undoubtedly due to yin deficiency and blazing fire. When thirst does not improve, washing with Baihe decoction is ineffective, indicating yang hyperactivity and unrecovered yin qi. Therefore, internal treatment with the base formula is employed.

[Outline] Zhang Zhongjing stated in the *Jingui Yaolue*: For Baihe Bing developing fever, Baihe Huashi San (Lily and Talcum Powder) is the primary treatment.

[Commentary] Li said: Baihe Bing is a combined disease of all vessels. Treatment focuses on Baihe because it can harmonize all vessels.
Lou Ying said: After a major illness, if the body has not recovered and regulation is neglected, residual pathogens in the yang aspect are treated with purgation, and residual pathogens in the yin aspect are treated with sweating. This empties all vessels, causing widespread disease, meaning there is no longer a sequential transmission through meridians.

Shen Jin'ao's commentary: Zhang Zhongjing stated that diseases originating in yang present with chills and fever. Therefore, fever developing in Baihe Bing is due to excessive internal heat overflowing into the skin and muscles, causing heat in the yang aspect.

[Outline] Zhang Zhongjing stated in the *Jingui Yaolue*: For Baihe Bing manifesting in yin, treat with yang methods; for Baihe Bing manifesting in yang, rescue with yin methods. Attacking yin when yang signs are present, followed by sweating, is termed reverse treatment. Attacking yang when yin signs are present, followed by purgation, is also termed reverse treatment.

[Commentary] Xu Bin said: Yang methods and yin methods refer to harmonizing yin and harmonizing yang. Using these to rescue each other implies harmonizing unaffected areas, consistent with the *Neijing* principle: "Use yang to harmonize yin, use yin to harmonize yang." Thus, all treatments use Baihe to tonify the Lung, allowing qi to flow to the fu organs ("qi achieves balance, and balance brings peace"). They use Quanshui (Spring Water) to clear pathogenic heat, subjecting the condition to Lung metal ("heat and vapor are cleared and purified, and all things become peaceful"). Only when yang signs appear are one or two herbs added to harmonize yin; when yin signs appear, one or two herbs are added to harmonize yang.

Shen Jin'ao's commentary: Rescue with yang methods balances yang; if yin pathogens attempt to transmit, they are rejected, and yin pathogens gradually diminish. Rescue with yin methods balances yin; if yang pathogens attempt to transmit, they are rejected, and yang pathogens gradually diminish. "Rescue" opposes "attack." Sweating and purgation constitute "attack," hence termed reverse treatment.