葳蕤（二两） 石膏（三分末绵裹） 白薇（二两） 麻黄（二两去节） 独活（二两） 芎 （二两） 杏人（二
两去皮尖两人） 甘草（二两炙） 青木香（二两如无可用麝香一分代之）
上九味。切。以水八升。煮取三升。分三服。取汗。若一寒一热者。加朴硝一分。及大黄一二两。下之一方。有葛
根二两。
琥按上主疗云。春月中风伤寒。则知伤寒。不但指冬月严寒之时矣。曰头眩痛。腰背强。此太阳病也。曰胸内疼。
心胸痞。结满。此兼阳明病也。曰喉咽干。舌强。此兼太阴少阴病也。凡此者。皆由风寒之邪。郁于肌表。邪热不散。
内传阴经。未入于府。犹为可汗之时。故用上汤。分三服以取汗。若一寒一热者。乃表寒未除。里热已极也。加硝黄以
下之。与仲景用大柴胡汤同义。又按青木香。李氏纲目云。南木香。即今广木香也。斯言大谬之极。愚用青木香。乃另
是一种草根。形如乌药。其色微青。味苦辛而气清凉。最能发散风热。想梁时陶隐居。所云。青木香者。即此一种药也。
陈氏不察。而云如无。以麝香代之。恐非温热之证所宜。若用麝香。是大失制方之义。
朱奉议云。桂枝汤。自西北二方。居人四时行之。无不应验。江淮间。惟冬及春。可行之。自春末。及夏至以前。
桂枝证。加黄芩一分。谓之阳旦汤。夏至后。有桂枝证。可加知母半两。石膏一两。或加升麻一分。若病患素虚寒者。
正用古方。不在加减也。
葳蕤（二两） 石膏（三分，用绵布包裹成末） 白薇（二两） 麻黄（二两，去节） 独活（二两） 川芎（二两） 杏仁（二两，去皮尖，两人份） 甘草（二两，炙） 青木香（二两，如果没有可用麝香一分代替）
以上九味药。切碎。用水八升。煮取三升。分三次服用。以发汗为度。如果出现寒热交替的症状。加朴硝一分。以及大黄一两到二两。这是攻下的方子。此方中有葛根二两。
琥按：上面的主治功效说。春季中风伤寒。就知道伤寒。不仅仅指冬季严寒的时候了。说头晕痛。腰背僵硬。这是太阳病（太阳经受邪所致的病证）。说胸内疼痛。心胸痞闷。结胀满。这是兼有阳明病（阳明经受邪所致的病证）。说咽喉干。舌强直。这是兼有太阴病（太阴经受邪所致的病证）和少阴病（少阴经受邪所致的病证）。所有这些情况。都是因为风寒之邪。郁滞在肌表。邪热不散。内传至阴经。尚未入腑。还是可以用发汗法的时候。所以用上汤。分三次服用以发汗。如果寒热交替。那是表寒未除。里热已极盛。加芒硝和大黄以攻下。这与张仲景使用大柴胡汤（Major Bupleurum Decoction）的意义相同。又按：青木香。李时珍《本草纲目》说。南木香。就是现在的广木香。这种说法极其错误。我用的青木香。是另一种草根。形状像乌药。颜色微青。味道苦辛而气清凉。最能发散风热。想梁代陶弘景所说的。青木香。就是这一种药。陈氏没有考察。却说如果没有。用麝香代替。恐怕不适合温热的证候。如果用麝香。就大大失去了制方的意义。
朱奉议说。桂枝汤（Cinnamon Twig Decoction）。在西北地区的居民四季都使用。没有不灵验的。江淮地区。只有冬季和春季可以使用。从春末。到夏至以前。桂枝证。加黄芩一分。叫做阳旦汤（Yangdan Decoction）。夏至后。有桂枝证。可加知母半两。石膏一两。或加升麻一分。如果病人素体虚寒。正用古方。不在加减之列。
Rhizoma Polygonati (Weirui, 2 liang) Rhizoma Alismatis (Baibi, 2 liang) Radix Cistanches (Baiwei, 2 liang) Herba Ephedrae (Mahuang, 2 liang, nodes removed) Radix Angelicae Pubescentis (Duhuo, 2 liang) Radix Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong, 2 liang) Semen Armeniacae Amarum (Xingren, 2 liang, skin and tips removed, for two persons) Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (Gancao, 2 liang, honey-fried) Lignum Aquilariae Resinatum (Qingmuxiang, 2 liang; if unavailable, replace with 1 fen of Moschus)
The above nine herbs. Cut into pieces. Boil in eight sheng of water. Reduce to three sheng. Divide into three doses. Induce sweating. If there is alternating chills and fever. Add 1 fen of Natrii Sulfas (Puxiao). And 1 to 2 liang of Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang). This is a purgative formula. This formula contains 2 liang of Radix Puerariae Lobatae (Gegen).
Hu notes: The aforementioned indications state that in mid-spring, wind-stroke or cold-injury occurs. Thus, it is known that "cold-injury" (Shanghan, Cold Damage) does not only refer to the severe cold of winter. It mentions dizziness and headache, stiffness of the waist and back. This is Taiyang disease (disease of the Taiyang channel). It mentions pain inside the chest, stuffiness in the heart and chest, fullness and binding. This involves Yangming disease (disease of the Yangming channel). It mentions dry throat and tongue stiffness. This involves Taiyin disease (disease of the Taiyin channel) and Shaoyin disease (disease of the Shaoyin channel). All these cases are due to pathogenic wind-cold stagnating on the muscle surface. Pathogenic heat does not dissipate. It transmits internally to the Yin channels but has not yet entered the Fu organs. It is still the time when diaphoresis can be used. Therefore, the above decoction is used. Divided into three doses to induce sweating. If there is alternating chills and fever, it means the exterior cold has not been eliminated, and interior heat is extreme. Add Natrii Sulfas (Puxiao) and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei (Dahuang) to purge. This is consistent with the principle of Zhang Zhongjing using Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction). Furthermore, regarding Qingmuxiang: Li Shizhen's Bencao Gangmu states that Nanmuxiang is the same as Guangmuxiang currently used. This statement is extremely erroneous. The Qingmuxiang I use is a different kind of root herb. Its shape resembles Radix Linderae (Wuyao). Its color is slightly green. Its taste is bitter and acrid, and its aroma is cool. It is most effective at dispersing wind-heat. I believe the Qingmuxiang mentioned by Tao Hongjing of the Liang Dynasty refers to this specific herb. Chen Shi failed to investigate and stated that if unavailable, Moschus should be used as a substitute. This is likely unsuitable for warm-heat syndromes. Using Moschus would greatly deviate from the rationale of the prescription.
Zhu Fengyi said: Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is used by people in the northwest regions throughout all four seasons without exception. In the Jianghuai region, it can only be used in winter and spring. From late spring until before the Summer Solstice, for Guizhi syndrome, add 1 fen of Radix Scutellariae (Huangqin), called Yangdan Tang (Yangdan Decoction). After the Summer Solstice, for those with Guizhi syndrome, one may add Banxia (Banzhi) half a liang, Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao) one liang, or Shengma (Shengma) one fen. If the patient has a constitution of deficiency and cold, use the ancient formula directly, without modifications.