夫上喘中满，醋心腹胀，时时作声，痞气上下，不能宣畅。叔和云∶气壅三焦不
得昌是也。可用独圣散吐之；吐讫，次用导水禹功，轻泻药三、五行；不愈，更以利膈丸泻之
，使上下宣通，不能壅滞；后服平胃散、五苓散、益元散、桂苓甘露散、三和散，分阴阳、利
水道之药则愈。
夫富贵之人，一切涎嗽，是饮食浓味，热痰之致然也。先用独圣散吐之；吐讫，
可服人参散、通圣散加半夏，以此止嗽；更服大人参半夏丸，以之化痰也。大忌酸咸油腻生硬热物也。
夫贫难之人咳嗽，内外感风冷寒湿之致然也。《内经》曰∶秋伤于湿，冬生咳嗽
。可服宁神散宁肺散加白术之类则愈矣，忌法同前。
夫男子妇人咳逆，俗呼曰呃忒，乃阴阳不和也。乃伤寒亦有咳逆者，并可用既济
散治之。忌寒热物，宜食温淡物，以养胃气耳。
夫风痰酒痰，或热在膈上，头目不清，涕唾稠粘，或咳嗽上喘，时发潮热，可用
独圣散吐之；吐讫，可服搜风丸、凉膈散之类。《内经》曰∶流湿润燥是也。
夫男子妇人，咯血、衄血、嗽血、咳脓血，可服三黄丸、黄连解毒汤、凉膈散，
加桔梗、当归，大煎剂料，时时呷之。《内经》曰∶治心肺之病最近，药剂不厌频而少，时时呷之者是也。
对于患病多日、身体虚弱无力的人，使用无比山药丸进行补益治疗即可痊愈。
对于出现上部气喘、中部胀满、反酸、心腹胀痛，且时常发出声响，气机痞塞上下流动不畅，无法宣通畅达的情况。王叔和曾说：“气机壅滞于三焦，导致其功能不得昌隆。”这种情况可以使用独圣散通过催吐法治疗；吐后，接着使用导水禹功散等轻泻药物三四次或五六次；如果仍未痊愈，再用利膈丸进行泻下，使上下气机宣通，不再壅滞；之后服用平胃散、五苓散、益元散、桂苓甘露散、三和散等分阴阳、利水道的药物，即可痊愈。
对于富贵之人，所有的痰涎咳嗽，是由于饮食过于浓烈厚重，导致热痰产生的缘故。先用独圣散催吐；吐完后，可以服用人参散、通圣散加半夏，以此止咳；再服用大人参半夏丸，以此化痰。严格禁忌食用酸咸、油腻、生冷坚硬及热性食物。
对于贫苦之人，咳嗽是由于外感风冷寒湿之邪所致。《黄帝内经》说：“秋季感受湿邪，冬季产生咳嗽。”可以服用宁神散、宁肺散加白术之类的药物即可痊愈，禁忌事项与前述相同。
无论男女，出现咳逆（俗称打嗝），这是阴阳不和的表现。伤寒病中也有出现咳逆的，都可以用既济散来治疗。禁忌寒性和热性食物，适宜食用温和清淡的食物，以养护胃气。
对于风痰、酒痰，或者热邪在膈上，导致头目不清爽，鼻涕唾液稠厚粘腻，或者咳嗽气喘，时常发作潮热的情况，可以使用独圣散催吐；吐完后，可以服用搜风丸、凉膈散之类的药物。《黄帝内经》所说的“流湿润燥”就是指这种治法。
无论男女，出现咯血、鼻衄（鼻出血）、嗽血（咳出带血的痰）、咳脓血的情况，可以服用三黄丸、黄连解毒汤、凉膈散，加入桔梗、当归，制成大剂量的煎剂，时时小口呷饮。《黄帝内经》说：“治疗心肺的疾病，药剂不厌其烦地少量多次频服，时时小口呷饮正是此意。”
For patients who have been ill for many days and suffer from deficiency and weakness, administration of Wubi Shanyao Wan (Incomparable Yam Pill) will lead to recovery.
Regarding cases presenting with upper dyspnea, middle abdominal fullness, acid regurgitation, epigastric and abdominal distension, frequent audible sounds, qi stagnation moving up and down without smooth flow, and inability to diffuse and circulate freely: Wang Shuhe stated, "Qi congestion in the Triple Burner prevents its flourishing." This condition can be treated with Dusheng San (Solely Holy Powder) via emesis; after vomiting, administer mild purgatives such as Dao Shui Yu Gong San (Water-Dredging Yu Gong Powder) three or five times. If not cured, further purge using Lige Wan (Diaphragm-Opening Pill) to ensure unimpeded circulation above and below, preventing stagnation. Subsequently, administer Pingwei San (Stomach-Pacifying Powder), Wuling San (Five-Ling Powder), Yiyuan San (Benefiting Origin Powder), Guiling Ganlu San (Cinnamon Twig and Poria Sweet Dew Powder), and Sanhe San (Three-Harmonizing Powder)—medications that differentiate Yin and Yang and promote water passage—to achieve recovery.
For wealthy individuals, all phlegm-drool and coughs are caused by rich and heavy dietary habits leading to Phlegm-Heat. First, induce vomiting with Dusheng San (Solely Holy Powder); after vomiting, administer Renshen San (Ginseng Powder) or Tongsheng San (Unobstructed Holiness Powder) added with Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) to stop coughing; subsequently take Darenshen Banxia Wan (Great Ginseng Pinellia Pill) to resolve phlegm. Strictly avoid sour, salty, greasy, raw, hard, and hot foods.
For impoverished individuals, coughing is caused by external contraction of Wind-Cold and Cold-Dampness. The *Neijing* states: "Injury by Dampness in Autumn leads to Cough in Winter." Administration of Ningshen San (Spirit-Calming Powder) or Ningfei San (Lung-Pacifying Powder) added with Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome) will lead to recovery; the contraindications are the same as mentioned above.
Whether male or female, hiccups (colloquially referred to as 'e te') result from disharmony between Yin and Yang. Hiccups also occur in Shanghan (Cold Damage) diseases and can be treated with Jiji San (Crossed-Fire Powder). Avoid cold and hot foods; consume warm and bland foods to nourish Stomach Qi.
For Wind-Phlegm or Wine-Phlegm, or Heat located in the Upper Jiao (Triple Burner) causing unclear head and eyes, thick and sticky nasal discharge and saliva, or cough with dyspnea and periodic tidal fever, induce vomiting with Dusheng San (Solely Holy Powder); after vomiting, administer Sofeng Wan (Wind-Searching Pill) or Liangge San (Cooling Diaphragm Powder). As stated in the *Neijing*: "Moisten by draining and dry by moistening" applies here.
Whether male or female, presenting with hemoptysis (spitting blood), epistaxis (nosebleed), bloody sputum, or expectoration of pus and blood, administer Sanhuang Wan (Three-Yellow Pill), Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Resolving Toxicity), or Liangge San (Cooling Diaphragm Powder), added with Jiegeng (Platycodon Root) and Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), prepared as a large-decoction dosage, taken frequently in small sips. The *Neijing* states: "For diseases of the Heart and Lung, there is no objection to frequent, small-dose medication; taking it in frequent small sips is the correct approach."