小儿积热太盛，以致肛门作肿，大便艰难，努力翻出，肛脱不收，古法主外用蟠龙散消其肿〔如干地蟠龙（略
用土焙）一两，风化朴硝二钱，以上 研为细末，仍和匀，肛门湿润者干涂，干燥者以湿油调涂〕。先用荆芥、
生葱、煎汤洗浴，轻予拭干，然后敷药。
内服皂刺大黄汤（方见便血）。
〔真按〕小儿肛肿翻出，但用生鳖头（ 灰）一个，五倍子（ 末）三分，枯白矾三分，共研极细掺之，
则肛自收。
小儿肛漏泻虫，因真阴未充，阳独升降，肌肉苍赤，巅窍如
蒙，当与壮水制火，兼以化虫。方用生六味各二钱，加苦楝子白皮八分，煎服。
小儿梦中遗尿，但以生甘草头一个，煎浓汤常饮之有效。
小儿水痘有似正痘，外候面红唇赤，眼水如光，咳嗽喷嚏，涕唾稠粘，出时形如小豆，明如水泡，皮薄痂
结，中心圆晕，易出易压，温之则痂难落，而成烂疮。切忌姜椒辣物，并沐浴冷水，犯之则姜疥水肿。方用飞滑
石钱半，地骨皮五分，生甘草五分，金银花一钱，赤芍药一钱，荆芥穗五分，引用小麦十四粒。
小儿最多疮疡，方用金银花一钱，生甘草五分，赤芍药一钱，净连翘一钱，细木通五分，引用灯芯十茎。
小儿黄水疮，方用 石膏、 龙骨、片松香、枯白矾各等分，共研细末，以鸡蛋黄熬油，和前药敷上。
小儿白秃癞疮，方用百草霜一两，雄黄一两，胆矾六钱，轻粉一钱，榆皮三钱，用锻石窑内烧红流结土渣四
两，共为细末，猪胆汁调匀，俟剃头后搽之极效。
小儿疥疮，但用苦参一两，煎汤，滴入猪胆汁，乘热遍身沐浴，内亦以苦参一钱煎服，但苦参不宜常服，每
日洗一次，亦可痊愈。
小儿瘰 ，由肝胆二经风热血燥而成，结若贯珠，多生于耳之前后，及头项下至缺盆，及胸腋之侧。初起
如豆粒，渐如桃李，按之则动而微痛，宜速治不能久延，方用直僵蚕二两，水洗三次，晒干炒枯，另用晚米二两，
炒热并研末，细米糊为丸，以夏枯草煎汤送下，量儿大小与之。
小儿汤火伤，方用生大黄末研极细，再用猪板油熬汁候冷，成冻如膏，和大黄末搽之即愈。急则以香油菜
油先搽亦可。
小儿体内积热过盛，导致肛门肿胀，大便困难，用力排便时肛门脱出无法收回。古法主要使用外用蟠龙散来消除肿胀（配方如：干地蟠龙——略用土焙制的一两，风化朴硝二钱，以上研为细末，混合均匀。若肛门湿润则干涂药粉，干燥者用湿油调匀后涂抹）。先用荆芥、生葱煎汤洗浴患处，轻轻拭干，然后敷药。
〔真按〕小儿肛门肿胀脱出，仅需用一个生鳖头（煅烧成灰），三分五倍子（研末），三分枯白矾，共同研磨成极细粉末掺敷患处，肛门自然就会收回。
小儿肛漏伴有排虫症状，是因为真阴尚未充盈，阳气独自升降失常，肌肉呈现苍赤色，窍道如同被蒙蔽，应当采用壮水制火的方法，兼以驱虫。方剂使用生六味地黄丸各二钱，加苦楝子白皮八分，煎服。
小儿水痘外观类似正痘（天花），外候表现为面红唇赤，眼睛流泪如光，咳嗽喷嚏，鼻涕唾液稠粘，出疹时形状像小豆，明亮如水泡，皮薄痂结，中心有圆晕，容易发出也容易压平，若温热则痂难脱落，而成为烂疮。切忌食用姜椒辛辣食物，并避免用冷水沐浴，否则会导致姜疥水肿。方剂使用飞滑石半钱，地骨皮五分，生甘草五分，金银花一钱，赤芍药一钱，荆芥穗五分，引用小麦十四粒。
小儿最容易患疮疡，方剂使用金银花一钱，生甘草五分，赤芍药一钱，净连翘一钱，细木通五分，引用灯芯十茎。
小儿黄水疮，方剂使用石膏、龙骨、片松香、枯白矾各等分，共同研磨成细末，用鸡蛋黄熬油，与药物混合敷上。
小儿白秃癞疮，方剂使用百草霜一两，雄黄一两，胆矾六钱，轻粉一钱，榆皮三钱，用锻石窑内烧红流结的土渣四两，共同研磨成细末，用猪胆汁调匀，待剃头后搽抹，效果极佳。
小儿疥疮，仅用苦参一两，煎汤，滴入猪胆汁，趁热遍身沐浴，内部也服用苦参一钱煎成的汤剂，但苦参不宜常服，每日洗一次，也可以痊愈。
小儿瘰疬，由肝胆二经风热血燥而成，结节像串珠一样，多生于耳前后，以及头项下至缺盆，还有胸腋侧面。初起像豆粒，逐渐像桃李大小，按压时能动且微痛，宜速治不能拖延，方剂使用直僵蚕二两，水洗三次，晒干炒枯，另用晚米二两，炒热并研末，用细米糊做成丸药，以夏枯草煎汤送下，根据孩子的大小给予剂量。
小儿烫伤烧伤，方剂使用生大黄末研磨极细，再用猪板油熬汁冷却，凝固如膏状，与大黄末混合搽抹即愈。紧急情况下先用香油或菜油搽抹也可以。
In children, excessive accumulation of heat leads to swelling of the anus, difficult defecation, and prolapse of the rectum due to straining, which fails to retract. Ancient methods primarily use external Panlong San (Dragon Coiling Powder) to reduce swelling [Formula: Gan Dì Pán Lóng (Dried Earth Dragon), lightly roasted in soil, 1 liang; Feng Hua Pu Xiao (Weathered Mirabilite), 2 qian; both ground into fine powder and mixed evenly. If the anus is moist, apply dry powder; if dry, mix with wet oil for application]. First, wash the area with a decoction of Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Herba) and raw scallions, gently pat dry, then apply the medicine.
Internally administer Zao Ci Da Huang Tang (Gleditsiae Spine and Rhubarb Decoction) (see formula for hematochezia).
[Commentary by Zhen] For pediatric anal swelling and prolapse, simply use one raw鳖头 (鳖甲/Trionycis Carapax, calcined to ash), 3 fen of Wu Bei Zi (Galla Chinensis, powdered), and 3 fen of Ku Bai Fan (Alumen Exsiccatum), grind them together into an extremely fine powder and sprinkle on the affected area; the anus will naturally retract.
Pediatric anal fistula accompanied by expelling worms occurs because the True Yin is not yet full, causing Yang to rise and descend unilaterally. The muscles appear pale-red, and orifices seem obscured. Treatment should focus on nourishing Water to control Fire, combined with vermifuge action. Use Sheng Liu Wei Di Huang Wan (Raw Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) components, each 2 qian, plus Ku Lian Zi Bai Pi (Bark of Toosendan Fruit), 8 fen, decocted and taken orally.
For nocturnal enuresis in dreams in children, simply take one raw Gan Cao Tou (Licorice Root Head), decoct into a strong tea, and drink regularly for effectiveness.
Pediatric varicella (chickenpox) resembles smallpox externally. Signs include red face and lips, watery eyes shining, coughing, sneezing, thick sticky nasal discharge and saliva. Eruptions resemble small beans, bright like water blisters, with thin skin and crusting, featuring a central round halo. They are easy to erupt and flatten. If kept warm, crusts fail to fall off, leading to ulcerated sores. Strictly avoid ginger, pepper, and spicy foods, as well as bathing in cold water; violation leads to "Jiang Jie" edema. Formula: Fei Hua Shi (Prepared Talcum), half qian; Di Gu Pi (Lycii Cortex), 5 fen; Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Licorice Root), 5 fen; Jin Yin Hua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), 1 qian; Chi Shao Yao (Red Peony Root), 1 qian; Jing Jie Sui (Schizonepeta Spike), 5 fen; reference: 14 grains of Xiao Mai (Tritici Fructus).
Children are most prone to carbuncles and sores. Formula: Jin Yin Hua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), 1 qian; Sheng Gan Cao (Raw Licorice Root), 5 fen; Chi Shao Yao (Red Peony Root), 1 qian; Jing Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus), 1 qian; Xi Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis), 5 fen; reference: 10 stems of Deng Xin Cao (Typhae Stamen).
For pediatric impetigo (yellow water sore), use equal parts of Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Long Gu (Fossilized Bones), Pian Song Xiang (Plate Pine Resin), and Ku Bai Fan (Alumen Exsiccatum). Grind into fine powder. Fry egg yolks to extract oil, mix with the powder, and apply topically.
For pediatric tinea capitis (white baldness), use Bai Cao Shuang (Soot from Hundred Herbs), 1 liang; Xiong Huang (Realgar), 1 liang; Dan Fan (Chalcanthite), 6 qian; Qing Fen (Calomel), 1 qian; Yu Pi (Ulmus Bark), 3 qian. Mix with 4 liang of slag/residue from burning lime in a kiln until red and molten. Grind all into fine powder, mix with pig bile, and apply after shaving the head for excellent effect.
For pediatric scabies, use Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix), 1 liang, decoct in water, add pig bile, and bathe the whole body while hot. Internally, also take Ku Shen, 1 qian, decocted in water. Note: Ku Shen should not be used long-term. Bathing once daily can lead to recovery.
Pediatric scrofula (luoli) results from wind-heat and blood dryness in the Liver and Gallbladder meridians. Nodules resemble strings of beads, commonly occurring around the ears, below the head and neck down to the clavicle (Quepen), and on the sides of the chest and axilla. Initially bean-sized, gradually growing to plum or peach size, movable upon pressure with slight pain. Prompt treatment is necessary as it cannot be delayed. Formula: Zhi Jiang Can (Silkworm), 2 liang, washed three times, dried, and stir-fried until crisp. Separate Late Rice (Wan Mi), 2 liang, stir-fried hot and ground into powder. Form pills using fine rice paste. Administer with Xia Ku Cao (Prunellae Spica) decoction, dosed according to the child's age and size.
For pediatric burns and scalds, use finely ground Sheng Da Huang (Raw Rhubarb). Render pig back fat (Zhu Ban You) into liquid, cool until solidified like ointment, and mix with Da Huang powder for topical application. In emergencies, applying fragrant sesame oil or rapeseed oil first is also effective.