小儿寒嗽，因平素肺虚，喜啖生冷，以致寒邪伤肺，发为咳嗽。其证面色 白，痰多清稀，鼻流青涕，初
起古法主圣惠橘皮饮（如人参、贝母、苏叶、陈皮、桔梗、杏仁，引用红枣）。
若日久不愈者，古法主补肺阿胶散（如人参、麸炒阿胶、炒牛蒡子、炒杏仁、糯米、炙甘草、马兜铃等味），
水煎食后服。
〔真按〕小儿寒嗽，除前述诸病状外，更有气壅喘促，声浊无汗，鼻塞声重之状。方用老苏梗八分，白云
苓钱半，陈枳壳一钱，信前胡六分，芽桔梗一钱，浙贝母钱半，苦杏仁钱半，引用嫩生姜一薄片。
次用化痰宁嗽之法，方用叭哒杏仁二钱，蜜紫菀一钱，炒百部一钱，炒白前一钱，炙甘草五分，煎服则气
顺痰清，而咳嗽不强止而自止矣。
小儿火嗽一证，乃火热熏扰肺金，遂致频频咳嗽，面赤咽干，痰黄气秽，多带稠粘。便软者，古法主加味
泻白散（如桑皮、地骨皮、生甘草、川贝母、麦冬、生知母、桔梗、黄芩、薄荷等味）。
便硬者，古法主凉膈散（如黄芩、大黄、连翘、芒硝、生甘草、栀子、薄荷，引用竹叶、生蜜），加桔梗、
桑皮。
〔真按〕小儿热嗽，便软者，但用蜜炙桑皮钱半，蜜炙地骨皮一钱，川尖贝八分，去心麦冬钱半，苦桔梗
八分，新竹茹一钱，浮海石八分，引用生白蜜一小匙，冲服。
便硬者，加玄明粉二钱，炒黄芩八分。
小儿寒性咳嗽，是由于平时肺气虚弱，喜欢吃生冷食物，导致寒邪损伤肺脏，从而引发咳嗽。其症状表现为面色苍白，痰多且清稀，鼻涕呈青色且清稀，初起时古法主张使用圣惠橘皮饮（包含人参、贝母、紫苏叶、陈皮、桔梗、杏仁，煎药时加入红枣作为引经药）。如果病程日久不愈，古法主张使用补肺阿胶散（包含人参、麸炒阿胶、炒牛蒡子、炒杏仁、糯米、炙甘草、马兜铃等药物），用水煎煮，饭后服用。
〔陈守真按语〕小儿寒性咳嗽，除了上述各种症状外，还有气机壅滞、呼吸急促、声音浑浊无汗、鼻塞且说话带鼻音等症状。处方使用老苏梗八分，白云苓一钱半，陈枳壳一钱，信前胡六分，芽桔梗一钱，浙贝母一钱半，苦杏仁一钱半，煎药时加入嫩生姜一片作为引经药。
接着采用化痰止咳的方法，处方使用叭哒杏仁二钱，蜜炙紫菀一钱，炒百部一钱，炒白前一钱，炙甘草五分，煎服后则气机顺畅、痰液清除，咳嗽不强求停止而自然停止。
小儿火性咳嗽这一证候，是火热之邪熏蒸扰动肺金，导致频繁咳嗽，面部发红、咽喉干燥，痰液黄色且气味秽浊，质地大多稠粘。大便软烂者，古法主张使用加味泻白散（包含桑白皮、地骨皮、生甘草、川贝母、麦冬、生知母、桔梗、黄芩、薄荷等药物）。大便干硬者，古法主张使用凉膈散（包含黄芩、大黄、连翘、芒硝、生甘草、栀子、薄荷，煎药时加入竹叶、生蜂蜜作为引经药），并加入桔梗、桑白皮。
〔陈守真按语〕小儿热性咳嗽，大便软烂者，仅使用蜜炙桑白皮一钱半，蜜炙地骨皮一钱，川尖贝母八分，去心麦冬一钱半，苦桔梗八分，新竹茹一钱，浮海石八分，煎药时加入生白蜂蜜一小匙冲服。大便干硬者，加入玄明粉二钱，炒黄芩八分。
Pediatric cold cough arises from underlying lung deficiency and a preference for consuming raw or cold foods, leading to cold pathogenic factors injuring the Lung, resulting in cough. The manifestations include a pale complexion, copious clear and thin sputum, and clear green nasal discharge. In the initial stage, ancient methods primarily prescribe Shenghui Jupi Yin (Saintly Benefit Tangerine Peel Decoction), which contains Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus), Ziyexia (Perillae Folium), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), with Hongzao (Jujubae Fructus) used as an adjuvant. If the condition persists for a long time without resolution, ancient methods primarily prescribe Bufu Ejiao San (Lung-Nourishing Donkey-Hide Gelatin Powder), containing Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Fuchao Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin stir-fried with bran), Chao Niuzilong (Buddlejae Seminis stir-fried), Chao Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum stir-fried), Nuomi (Oryzae Sativum Glutinosa Semen), Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma preparata), Madouling (Aristolochiae Fructus), etc., decocted in water and taken after meals.
[Chen Shouzhen’s Note] Pediatric cold cough, in addition to the aforementioned symptoms, is also characterized by qi stagnation and panting, turbid voice, absence of sweating, nasal congestion, and a heavy nasal quality of voice. The prescription uses Laosugeng (Perillae Caulis), Baiyunling (Poria with Clouds), Chenzhike (Aurantii Fructus Pericarpium Retinervium), Xin Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Ya Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Zhebeimu (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus), Ku Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum), with Nenshengjiang (Fresh Ginger Slice) used as an adjuvant.
Subsequently, the method of resolving phlegm and calming cough is employed. The prescription uses Badaxingren (Badam Seed), Mizhi Ziwan (Astagi Herba honey-fried), Chao Baibu (Stemonae Radix stir-fried), Chao Baiqian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Radix et Rhizoma stir-fried), Zhigancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma preparata). After decoction and administration, qi flow becomes smooth and phlegm clears, causing the cough to cease naturally without forced suppression.
The syndrome of pediatric fire cough results from heat-fire harassing the Metal of the Lung, leading to frequent coughing, flushed face, dry throat, yellow sputum with foul odor, and thick, sticky consistency. For cases with loose stools, ancient methods primarily prescribe Jiawei Xiebai San (Modified Draining White Powder), containing Sangpiai (Mori Cortex), Digupi (Lygodii Radix), Sheng Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma crude), Chuan Beimu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Sheng Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba). For cases with hard stools, ancient methods primarily prescribe Liangge San (Cooling the Diaphragm Powder), containing Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Sheng Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma crude), Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), with Zhuye (Bambusae Folium) and Shengmi (Raw Honey) used as adjuvants, plus Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) and Sangpiai (Mori Cortex).
[Chen Shouzhen’s Note] For pediatric heat cough with loose stools, use only Mizhi Sangpiai (Mori Cortex honey-fried), Mizhi Digupi (Lygodii Radix honey-fried), Chuanjian Beimu (Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus), Quxin Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix with heart removed), Ku Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Xinzhuru (Bambusae Sap), Fuhaisshi (Spongiosa Lapis), with Sheng Baimi (Raw White Honey) added to the decoction for dissolution. For cases with hard stools, add Xuanmingfen (Natrii Sulfas Preparata) and Chao Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix stir-fried).