论曰∶头眩之状，谓目眩旋转，不能俯仰，头重不能举，目不能开，闭则不能视物，（史
氏《指南方》云∶观物如反，或如浮水。）或身如在车船上，是谓徇蒙招尤，目瞑耳聋，下
实上虚，过在足少阳厥阴，由肝虚血弱，则风邪乃生，盖风气通于肝。又曰，诸风掉眩皆属
于肝。左手关脉虚弦，谓之风眩，香芎散、桃红散主之。
香芎散
芎 独活 旋复花 本（去苗） 细辛（去苗） 蔓荆子（各一两） 石膏（研） 甘
草
（炙） 荆芥穗（各半两）
上为末。每服五钱，水一盏，姜三片，同煎至七分，去滓温服，不拘时。
桃红散
白附子（新罗者） 黄丹（等分）
上同炒，候黄丹深紫色，筛出黄丹不用，只将白附子为末，清茶调下一钱匕。
若头眩，发则欲呕，心下温温，胸中如满，由胸上停痰，胃气不流，盘郁不散，气上腾
入脑，脑满则眩，关脉沉弦，或谓之痰眩，旋复花丸主之。
旋复花丸（见前热证门。）
若但晕而不眩，发则伏地昏昏，食顷乃苏，由荣卫错乱，气血溷浊，阳气逆行。（《指
南
下
流气饮子
紫苏叶 青皮 当归（洗） 芍药 乌药 茯苓 桔梗 半夏（汤洗七遍，焙干，为末，
姜汁
各三分） 木
香（一分） 连皮大腹（锉，姜汁浸一宿，焙，一两） 川芎（三分）
上为散。每服五钱，水二盏，生盖三片，枣一个，同煎至一盏，去滓温服。
草乌头汤
草乌头（去皮尖，生用） 细辛（去苗） 茶芽（等分）
上为散。每服五钱，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓缓缓服尽。
若但欲上视，目瞑不能开，开而眩，唾出若涕，恶风振寒，由肾气不足，动作劳损，风
搏于肺，肾气不足，膀胱不荣于外，故使强上瞑视。因其劳而受风在肺，故唾出若涕而恶风
谓之劳风，芍药黄 汤主之。
芍药黄 汤
芍药（二两） 黄 （三两） 川芎（二两） 乌头（炮，去皮，半两）
上为散。每服五钱，水二盏，姜三片，枣一个，同煎至一盏，去滓温服。
论述说：头眩的症状，表现为眼睛眩晕旋转，不能低头或仰头，头部沉重无法抬起，眼睛无法睁开，若闭上眼睛则不能视物，（史氏《指南方》中说：看东西颠倒，或者像漂浮在水面上。）或者身体感觉像在车船上一样晃动，这被称为徇蒙招尤、目瞑耳聋。其病机为下部实而上部虚，病变在于足少阳胆经和足厥阴肝经，由于肝血虚弱，导致风邪内生，因为风气与肝脏相通。又说，各种风证引起的摇动眩晕都属于肝脏。左手关脉呈现虚弦之象，称为风眩，用香芎散、桃红散主治。
香芎散
川芎、独活、旋复花、藁本（去苗）、细辛（去苗）、蔓荆子（各一两）、石膏（研碎）、甘草（炙）、荆芥穗（各半两）
以上药物研为末。每次服用五钱，用水一盏，生姜三片，共同煎煮至七分，滤去药渣，温服，不拘时间。
桃红散
白附子（新罗产者）、黄丹（等分）
以上药物共同炒制，等到黄丹变成深紫色时，筛出黄丹不用，只将白附子研为末，用清茶调服一钱匕。
如果是头眩，发作时想要呕吐，心下感到不适，胸中胀满，这是由于痰饮停滞在胸上，胃气不流通，郁结不散，气机上腾进入脑部，脑满则发生眩晕，关脉沉弦，有时称之为痰眩，用旋复花丸主治。
旋复花丸（见前热证门。）
如果只是晕而不眩，发作时伏倒在地昏昏沉沉，过一会儿才苏醒，这是由于营卫错乱，气血浑浊，阳气逆行。（《指南方》中记载）下流气饮子
紫苏叶、青皮、当归（洗）、芍药、乌药、茯苓、桔梗、半夏（汤洗七遍，焙干，为末，姜汁各三分）、木香（一分）、连皮大腹（锉碎，姜汁浸一夜，焙干，一两）、川芎（三分）
以上药物研为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水二盏，生姜三片，大枣一个，共同煎煮至一盏，滤去药渣，温服。
草乌头汤
草乌头（去皮尖，生用）、细辛（去苗）、茶芽（等分）
以上药物研为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水二盏，煎煮至一盏，滤去药渣，缓缓服尽。
如果只是想要向上看，眼睛昏花无法睁开，睁开后则眩晕，吐出唾液像鼻涕一样，怕风且寒战，这是由于肾气不足，动作劳损，风邪搏结于肺，肾气不足，膀胱不能荣养体表，所以导致颈项强直、目闭视物不清。因为因劳累而受风邪在肺，所以吐出唾液像鼻涕且怕风，称之为劳风，用芍药黄芪汤主治。
芍药黄芪汤
芍药（二两）、黄芪（三两）、川芎（二两）、乌头（炮制，去皮，半两）
以上药物研为散剂。每次服用五钱，用水二盏，生姜三片，大枣一个，共同煎煮至一盏，滤去药渣，温服。
It is stated that the symptoms of vertigo involve dizziness and rotation of the eyes, inability to bend or extend the head, heaviness of the head making it difficult to lift, inability to open the eyes, and if closed, inability to see objects. (Shi's *Zhi Nan Fang* states: "Objects appear inverted, or as if floating on water.") The body may feel as if on a moving vehicle or boat. This is referred to as *xun meng zhao you*, with blurred vision and deafness. The pathogenesis involves excess below and deficiency above, affecting the Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian and Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian. Due to deficiency of Liver blood and weakness, wind pathogens arise internally, as wind qi communicates with the Liver. It is also said that all wind syndromes characterized by tremors and vertigo belong to the Liver. A deficient and wiry pulse at the left Guan position indicates Wind Vertigo, treated with Xiangxiong San (Cnidium and Ligusticum Powder) and Taohong San (Peach Kernel and Safflower Powder).
Xiangxiong San (Cnidium and Ligusticum Powder)
Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo), Inulae Flos (Xuanfuhua), Ligustici Wallichii Rhizoma et Radix (Gaoben, de-rooted), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, de-rooted), Viticis Fructus (Manjingzi) (each 1 liang), Gypsum Fibrosum (Gypsum, ground), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, honey-fried), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjisui) (each 0.5 liang).
Grind the above into powder. Take 5 qian per dose, with one cup of water and three slices of fresh ginger. Decoct together until reduced to 0.7 cups, strain, and take warm. No specific time restriction.
Taohong San (Peach Kernel and Safflower Powder)
Typhonii Rhizoma (Baifuzi, from Silla), Minium (Huandan) (equal parts).
Stir-fry together until Huandan turns deep purple. Sieve out and discard the Huandan; use only the Baifuzi, ground into powder. Mix with clear tea and take 1 qian bi per dose.
If vertigo occurs with nausea upon onset, discomfort in the epigastrium, and fullness in the chest, it is due to phlegm-fluid retention in the upper chest, stagnation of Stomach Qi, and unresolved depression. Rising Qi enters the brain, causing brain fullness and vertigo. With a deep and wiry Guan pulse, this is termed Phlegm Vertigo, treated with Xuanfuhua Wan (Inula Flower Pill).
Xuanfuhua Wan (See previous section on Heat Syndromes.)
If there is only dizziness without spinning sensation, leading to fainting and prostration, recovering after a short while, it is due to disarray of Ying and Wei, turbid Qi and Blood, and counterflow of Yang Qi. (*Zhi Nan Fang* records): Xiaoliuqi Yinzi (Lower-Flowing Qi Decoction)
Perillae Folium (Zisuye), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Qingpi), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, washed), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao), Linderae Radix (Wuyao), Poria (Fuling), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, boiled seven times, dried, powdered, mixed with ginger juice, each 3 fen), Costi Radix (Muxiang, 1 fen), Arecae Pericarpium cum Cortice (Dafupi, sliced, soaked in ginger juice overnight, dried, 1 liang), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 3 fen).
Grind the above into a coarse powder. Take 5 qian per dose, with two cups of water, three slices of fresh ginger, and one jujube. Decoct until reduced to one cup, strain, and take warm.
Caowutou Tang (Aconitum Kusnezoffii Root Decoction)
Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix (Caowutou, skin and tip removed, raw use), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, de-rooted), Tea Buds (Chaya) (equal parts).
Grind the above into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, with two cups of water. Decoct until reduced to one cup, strain, and drink slowly until finished.
If there is a desire to look upward, blurred vision preventing eye opening, and upon opening, vertigo ensues, with saliva resembling mucus, aversion to wind, and chills, it is due to insufficiency of Kidney Qi and physical overexertion. Wind pathogens attack the Lungs. Insufficiency of Kidney Qi means the Bladder fails to nourish the exterior, resulting in stiffness of the neck and closed eyes with impaired vision. Because wind was contracted during exertion and resides in the Lungs, producing mucus-like saliva and aversion to wind, it is termed Labor Wind (Laofeng), treated with Shaoyao Huangqi Tang (Peony and Astragalus Decoction).
Shaoyao Huangqi Tang (Peony and Astragalus Decoction)
Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 2 liang), Astragali Membranacei Radix (Huangqi, 3 liang), Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 2 liang), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Wutou, processed, skin removed, 0.5 liang).
Grind the above into a powder. Take 5 qian per dose, with two cups of water, three slices of fresh ginger, and one jujube. Decoct until reduced to one cup, strain, and take warm.