治鼻不闻香臭眼多眵泪
丁香(二分) 防风 炙甘草 葛根 羌活(各一钱) 升麻 黄 (各二节钱) 麻黄(不
去节四钱)
上为粗末水二盏葱白三根煎至一盏去渣食后服
寒气风邪伤于毛皮令鼻壅塞咳嗽上喘之证
黄连 黄柏 羌活(各二分) 炙甘草 佛耳草 款冬花 白芷 防风(各三分) 升麻
人参 陈皮(各五分) 苍术(七分) 黄 (一钱)
上 咀都作一服水二盏煎至一盏去渣食后热服
金匮真言论云东风生于春病在肝俞在颈项故春气者病在头又诸阳会于头面如足太阳膀胱
之脉
起于目内 上额交颠上入络脑还出别下项病冲头痛又足少阳胆之脉起于目锐 上抵头角病则
头角额痛夫风从上受之风寒伤上邪从外入客于经络令人振寒头痛身重恶寒治在风池风府调其
阴阳不足则补有余则泻汗之则愈此伤寒头痛也头痛耳鸣九窍不利者肠胃之所生乃气虚头
痛也心烦头痛者病在膈中过在手巨阳少阴乃湿热头痛也如气上不下头痛癫疾者下虚上实也过
在
足少阴巨阳甚则入肾寒湿头痛也如头半边痛者先取手少阳阳明后取足少阳阳明此偏
头痛也有真头痛者甚则脑尽痛手足寒至节死不治有厥逆头痛者所犯大寒内至骨髓髓者以脑为
主脑逆故令头痛齿亦痛凡头痛皆以风药治之
者总其大体而言之也高巅之上惟风可到故味之薄者阴中之阳乃自地升天者也然亦有三阴三阳
之异故太阳头痛恶风脉浮紧川芎羌活独活麻黄之类为主少阳经头痛脉弦细往来寒热柴胡为主
阳
明头痛自汗发热恶寒脉浮缓长实者升麻葛根石膏白芷为主太阴头痛必有痰体重或腹痛为痰癖
其脉沉缓苍术半夏南星为主少阴经头痛三阴三阳经不流行而足寒气逆为寒厥其脉沉细麻黄附
子细辛为主厥阴头项痛或吐痰沫厥冷其脉浮缓吴茱萸汤主之血虚头痛当归川芎为主气虚头痛
人参黄 为主气血俱虚头痛调中益气汤少加川芎蔓荆子细辛其效如神白术半夏天麻汤治痰厥
头痛药也青空膏乃风湿热头痛药也羌活附子汤治厥阴头痛药也如湿气在头者以若吐之不可执
方而治先师尝病头痛发时两颊青黄晕眩目不欲开懒
言身体沉重兀兀欲吐洁古曰此厥阴太阴合病名曰风痰以局方玉壶丸治之更灸侠溪穴即愈是知
方者体也法者用也徒执体而不知用者弊体用不失可谓上工矣
治疗鼻塞不闻香臭、眼睛多眵多泪的方剂：
丁香（二分），防风，炙甘草，葛根，羌活（各一钱），升麻，黄芩（各二节钱），麻黄（不去节，四钱）。
以上药物捣成粗末，用水两盏，加入葱白三根，煎煮至一盏，去渣滓，饭后服用。
寒气与风邪侵袭皮毛，导致鼻塞壅塞、咳嗽上喘等证候的方剂：
黄连，黄柏，羌活（各二分），炙甘草，佛耳草，款冬花，白芷，防风（各三分），升麻，人参，陈皮（各五分），苍术（七分），黄芩（一钱）。
以上药物切碎，全部作为一服，用水两盏，煎煮至一盏，去渣滓，饭后热服。
《金匮真言论》说：“东风生于春季，病位在肝，俞穴在颈项。”所以春气致病多在头部。另外，诸阳经会聚于头面，如足太阳膀胱经，起于目内眦，上行至额部，交会于头顶，入络于脑，复出别行下项，其病冲逆则头痛。又如足少阳胆经，起于目锐眦，上行抵头角，发病则头角、额部疼痛。风邪从上受之，风寒伤上，邪气从外侵入经络，使人寒战、头痛、身体沉重、恶寒。治疗应在风池穴、风府穴，调和阴阳，不足则补，有余则泻，发汗即可痊愈。这是伤寒引起的头痛。
头痛、耳鸣、九窍不利，是肠胃功能失调所产生的，属于气虚头痛。心烦、头痛，病位在膈中，涉及手太阳小肠经和手少阴心经，属于湿热头痛。如果气机上逆不下，导致头痛、癫疾，属于下虚上实。若病情严重影响到肾，则为寒湿头痛。如果是半边头痛，应先取手少阳三焦经、手阳明大肠经，后取足少阳胆经、足阳明胃经，此为偏头痛。有真头痛者，严重时脑部尽痛，手足寒冷至关节，死不治。有厥逆头痛者，因触犯大寒，寒气内至骨髓，髓以脑为主，脑气逆乱故令头痛，牙齿也痛。
凡头痛皆可用风药治疗，这是从大体而言。高巅之上，只有风药能够到达，所以气味薄弱的药物，属于阴中之阳，能自地升天。然而也有三阴三阳的不同：太阳头痛，恶风，脉浮紧，以川芎、羌活、独活、麻黄等为主；少阳经头痛，脉弦细，往来寒热，以柴胡为主；阳明头痛，自汗、发热、恶寒，脉浮缓而长实，以升麻、葛根、石膏、白芷为主；太阴头痛，必有痰湿、身体沉重或腹痛，为痰癖，脉沉缓，以苍术、半夏、南星为主；少阴经头痛，三阴三阳经气血不流行，足部寒冷气逆为寒厥，脉沉细，以麻黄、附子、细辛为主；厥阴头痛，头项痛或吐痰沫、四肢厥冷，脉浮缓，以吴茱萸汤主治。血虚头痛，以当归、川芎为主；气虚头痛，以人参、黄芪为主；气血俱虚头痛，用调中益气汤少加川芎、蔓荆子、细辛，效果如神。白术半夏天麻汤是治疗痰厥头痛的药物。青空膏是治疗风湿热头痛的药物。羌活附子汤是治疗厥阴头痛的药物。如湿气在头部，可以用涌吐法，不可拘执一方而治。先师曾患头痛，发作时两颊青黄、晕眩、眼睛不想睁开、懒言、身体沉重、昏昏欲吐。洁古先生（张元素）说：这是厥阴、太阴合病，名为风痰，用局方玉壶丸治疗，再灸侠溪穴即愈。由此可知，方是体，法是用。只执着于方而不知用法，就会弊病丛生。体用不失，可称为上工（高明的医生）。
Treatment for nasal congestion with loss of smell and excessive eye discharge and tearing:
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos, 2 fen), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Zhi Gancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (each 1 qian), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (each two segments, 2 qian), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, not removing joints, 4 qian).
Crush the above ingredients into coarse powder. Decoct with two cups of water and three stalks of Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) until one cup remains. Strain and take after meals.
For syndromes where cold qi and wind pathogen invade the skin and hair, causing nasal obstruction, cough, and wheezing:
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) (each 2 fen), Zhi Gancao (Prepared Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Foercao (Petasitae Flos), Kuandonghua (Farfarae Flos), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) (each 3 fen), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 5 fen), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (7 fen), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (1 qian).
Cut the above ingredients into small pieces. Combine as one dose. Decoct with two cups of water until one cup remains. Strain and take hot after meals.
The *Jinkui Zhenyan Lun* (Treatise on the True Sayings of the Golden Cabinet) states: "East wind arises in spring; disease is located in the Liver, and its Shu points are on the neck and nape." Therefore, diseases caused by spring Qi often affect the head. Furthermore, all Yang meridians converge on the head and face. For example, the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian originates from the inner canthus, ascends to the forehead, intersects at the vertex, enters to connect with the brain, emerges again, descends along the nape, and when its pathology involves upward rushing, it causes headache. Similarly, the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian originates from the outer canthus, ascends to reach the temporal angle; when diseased, it causes pain in the temporal angle and forehead. Wind pathogen is acquired from above; wind-cold damages the upper body, and external pathogens enter the meridians, causing chills, headache, heavy body, and aversion to cold. Treatment should focus on Fengchi (GB20) and Fengfu (GV16) acupoints to regulate Yin and Yang: tonify deficiency and drain excess. Sweating will lead to recovery. This is headache caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage).
Headache, tinnitus, and dysfunction of the nine orifices are generated by disorders of the Stomach and Intestines; this is headache due to Qi deficiency. Heart vexation and headache indicate pathology in the Diaphragm region, involving the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine and Hand-Shaoyin Heart meridians; this is headache due to Damp-Heat. If Qi rises but does not descend, causing headache and Dianji (epilepsy-like disorders), it indicates deficiency below and excess above. If severe, it affects the Kidney, resulting in headache due to Cold-Dampness. If pain is confined to one side of the head, first treat the Hand-Shaoyang Sanjiao and Hand-Yangming Large Intestine meridians, then treat the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder and Foot-Yangming Stomach meridians; this is Bian Tou Tong (hemicephalic headache). There is also Zhen Tou Tong (true headache); if severe, the entire brain hurts, hands and feet become cold up to the joints, which is incurable and fatal. There is Jue Ni Tou Tong (reversal headache); caused by exposure to severe cold, the cold penetrates internally to the bone marrow. Since the brain is the master of the marrow, rebellious brain Qi causes headache, and the teeth also hurt. Generally, headaches can be treated with Feng Yao (wind-dispelling herbs), speaking in general terms. At the high peak of the head, only wind herbs can reach; therefore, herbs with thin flavors belong to Yang within Yin and can ascend from earth to heaven. However, there are differences among the Three Yin and Three Yang meridians: Taiyang headache presents with aversion to wind and a floating, tight pulse; Chuanxiong, Qianghuo, Duhuo, and Mahuang are primary. Shaoyang meridian headache presents with a string-taut, fine pulse and alternating chills and fever; Chaihu is primary. Yangming headache presents with spontaneous sweating, fever, aversion to cold, and a floating, slow, long, and full pulse; Shengma, Gegen, Shigao, and Baizhi are primary. Taiyin headache necessarily involves phlegm, heavy body, or abdominal pain, indicating Phlegm-Pi; the pulse is deep and slow; Cangzhu, Banxia, and Nantian are primary. Shaoyin meridian headache occurs when Qi and Blood do not circulate through the Three Yin and Three Yang meridians, and cold Qi reverses in the feet causing Han Jue (cold reversal); the pulse is deep and fine; Mahuang, Fuzi, and Xixin are primary. Jueyin headache presents with head and nape pain, expectoration of frothy saliva, and cold limbs; the pulse is floating and slow; Wuzhuyu Tang is indicated. Blood deficiency headache is primarily treated with Danggui and Chuanxiong. Qi deficiency headache is primarily treated with Renshen and Huangqi. Headache due to combined Qi and Blood deficiency is treated with Tiaozhong Yiqi Tang with added Chuanxiong, Manjingzi, and Xixin, yielding miraculous effects. Baizhu Banxia Tianma Tang is used for Tan Jue Tou Tong (phlegm-reversal headache). Qingkong Gao is used for Feng Shi Re Tou Tong (wind-damp-heat headache). Qianghuo Fuzi Tang is used for Jueyin headache. If dampness is in the head, emesis may be employed; one must not rigidly adhere to a single formula. My late teacher once suffered from headache; upon onset, his cheeks were blue and yellow, he experienced vertigo, did not wish to open his eyes, spoke little, felt heavy-bodied, and had a sensation of impending vomiting. Jiegu (Zhang Yuansu) said: "This is a combined syndrome of Jueyin and Taiyin, named Feng Tan (wind-phlegm)." It was treated with Ju Fang Yuhu Wan, and moxa was applied to Xiaxi (GB43), leading to recovery. Thus, we know that Formulas represent Ti (substance/structure), while Methods represent Yong (function/application). Those who cling only to substance without understanding application suffer from弊端 (drawbacks). One who maintains both substance and function can be called an Shang Gong (superior physician).