用纸捻饱蘸麻油，即用烘干，临时欲用，再蘸其油，于灯上往来，略炙令油无
泡，方点照之，则免热油损伤皮肉，其照时须将门窗尽闭，致令黑暗，欲视其左，火移
于右，欲视其右，火移于左，上下同此法照之，则痘之多少，色之何如，预见矣。麻疹
则浮于皮外，而肉内无根，痘疮则肉内有根而极深者也，故有以手摸之者，亦以其痘有
根核而验之耳。若以日光观之，则不见矣。故不若火之为可预知也。凡以火照而见惊搐
大叫者，亦痘候也。因心火太盛、而与外火和搏耳，治宜微利，以导心火，否则，惊搐踵作矣。
小儿多不肯服药，强之亦不能多进，然病势猖撅，非药方不能驱逐，痘属虚寒者，
尚可延绵数日，属实热者，火性急速，药不可缓，故惟宜重剂脓煎，止用头服，则药功
方能胜病。至于乳母，亦宜服大剂，使乳汁亦有药力。但解毒寒凉之药，不可痘初轻
服，盖痘毒本于胎元，伏于肾脏，感触而出，莫可御也。非若诸疮之出，初发可用解
毒内消而愈。日成可用解毒，逐散而愈。盖脏毒属阴，而最深，必籍气血送出于皮肤，
运化于窠囊，收结成痂。还元而后已，宁有内消者乎？宁有不成脓者乎？故诸疮可以解
毒为主，而痘疮必赖气血以送毒为主也。况解毒之药，多伤胃气，多损气血，且毒有不
必解者，有不可解者，如禀赋强旺，气血充足，胃强能食，自能运毒以成功，此不必解
毒者也。如禀赋怯恶，气血衰微，胃虚少食，则虽调补气血，尚虑不能送毒成功，此
不可解毒者也。至于解毒之方，若投之于将出之际，则寒凉抑遏，毒滞于中，非徒无益
而反害之。惟结痂之后，有余不尽之毒，假药力以解散之，免其为痒为痈则可耳。
用纸捻充分蘸取麻油，随即用火烘干。临时需要使用时，再次蘸取麻油，在灯火上来回移动，稍微炙烤使油中不产生气泡，然后进行点照。这样可以避免热油损伤皮肤和肌肉。照射时，必须将门窗全部关闭，使室内保持黑暗。想要查看左侧，就将火源移至右侧；想要查看右侧，就将火源移至左侧。上下部位都采用这种方法照射，那么痘疹的多少、色泽如何，就能预先知晓了。麻疹浮于皮外，肉内没有根基；痘疮则在肉内有根基且极深。所以有人用手触摸来检查，也是依据痘疹有根核来验证它。如果用日光观察，就看不见了。所以不如用火光可以预先预知。凡是经火光照射而见到惊厥抽搐、大声叫喊的，也是痘疹的征候。这是因为心火太盛，与外部的火光相互搏结所致。治疗应当轻微通利，以引导心火下行，否则，惊厥抽搐就会接连发生。
小儿大多不肯服药，强行喂药也不能多吃。然而病势猖獗，非药物不能驱逐病邪。痘疹属于虚寒证的，还可以拖延数日；属于实热证的，火性急速，用药不可迟缓。所以只宜使用重剂量的煎煮药液，仅服用头煎的药汁，这样药效才能战胜疾病。至于乳母，也应当服用大剂量药物，使乳汁中也含有药力。但是，解毒寒凉的药物，不能在痘疹初起轻浅时服用。因为痘毒本源于胎元，潜伏在肾脏，因感触而发出，无法抵御。不像其他疮疡初发时，可以用解毒内消的方法治愈。痘疹痊愈后可以使用解毒法，逐散余毒而痊愈。因为脏毒属于阴邪，位置最深，必须依靠气血将其运送出皮肤，在痘窠囊中运化，收口结成痂皮，恢复元气后才算结束，怎么会有内消的呢？怎么会有不成脓的呢？所以各种疮疡可以以解毒为主，而痘疮必须依赖气血来运送毒邪为主。况且解毒的药物，大多损伤胃气，损耗气血。而且毒邪有不必解的，有不可解的。如禀赋强旺，气血充足，胃气强健能进食，自然能运化毒邪而成功，这是不必解毒的情况。如禀赋怯弱恶劣，气血衰微，胃虚少食，那么即使调理补益气血，还担心不能运送毒邪而成功，这是不可解毒的情况。至于解毒的方剂，如果投用在痘疹将要发出的时候，则寒凉之药会抑制遏阻，导致毒邪停滞在中焦，不仅无益反而有害。只有在结痂之后，对于残留未尽的毒邪，借助药力来解散它，免除其引起瘙痒或痈肿的危害罢了。
Dip a paper wick thoroughly in sesame oil, then dry it with fire. When needed for use, dip it again in the oil, move it back and forth over a lamp flame, slightly roasting it until no bubbles form in the oil, then proceed to illuminate (point-illuminate) the lesions. This prevents hot oil from damaging the skin and flesh. During illumination, all doors and windows must be closed to create darkness. To view the left side, move the light source to the right; to view the right side, move the light source to the left. Apply this method to the upper and lower parts. In this way, the quantity and color of the *Dou* (smallpox/variola) can be anticipated. *Ma Zhen* (measles) floats on the surface of the skin without roots in the flesh, whereas *Dou Chuang* (smallpox lesions) have deep roots within the flesh. Therefore, some palpate them with their hands to verify the presence of root nodules. If observed under sunlight, they would not be visible. Thus, illumination by fire is superior for anticipation. Those who exhibit convulsions and loud crying upon fire illumination are showing signs of *Dou*. This occurs because Heart Fire is excessive and combats with the external fire. Treatment should involve mild purgation to guide Heart Fire downward; otherwise, convulsions will follow continuously.
Children often refuse to take medicine, and even if forced, cannot consume much. However, when the pathogenic trend is rampant, only medicine can expel it. For *Dou* belonging to deficiency-cold patterns, the course may linger for several days; for those belonging to excess-heat patterns, the nature of fire is rapid, so medication cannot be delayed. Therefore, heavy doses of decoction are suitable, using only the first infusion, so that the medicinal efficacy can overcome the disease. The nursing mother should also take large doses of medicine so that her breast milk contains medicinal power. However, detoxifying and cold-natured medicines should not be taken when *Dou* is just beginning and mild. This is because *Dou* toxin originates from the fetal origin, lies dormant in the Kidney, and erupts due to stimulation, making it uncontrollable. It is not like other sores where early eruption can be cured by internal resolution via detoxification. After completion, detoxification can be used to disperse residual toxins. Because visceral toxins belong to Yin and are deepest, they must be transported out to the skin by Qi and Blood, transformed within the pustule sacs, scab over, and restore Yuan Qi before ending. How could there be internal resolution? How could there be no suppuration? Therefore, while various sores can prioritize detoxification, *Dou* must rely on Qi and Blood to transport the toxin. Moreover, detoxifying medicines often damage Stomach Qi and deplete Qi and Blood. Furthermore, there are toxins that need not be resolved and those that cannot be resolved. If one has strong constitution, abundant Qi and Blood, and strong Stomach function capable of eating, one can naturally transform the toxin to success; this is the case where detoxification is unnecessary. If one has weak constitution, depleted Qi and Blood, and weak Stomach with poor appetite, even tonifying Qi and Blood may fail to transport the toxin to success; this is the case where detoxification is impossible. As for detoxifying formulas, if administered when the rash is about to emerge, the cold-natured herbs will suppress and obstruct, causing toxins to stagnate in the middle Jiao, which is not only useless but harmful. Only after scabbing forms, for residual toxins that remain, can medicinal power be borrowed to disperse them, preventing them from causing itching or abscesses.