味苦、辛，其香芳烈，为通关利窍之上药。麝乃山兽好食香木芳草，如柏叶之类，
故气聚于脐，而结成是香，满则脐内急痛，自以爪剔出矣。或云啖蛇多而结成者，非
也，辛香走窜，自内达外则毫毛骨节俱开，邪从此而出，故主僻恶气，精鬼蛊毒，温疟
中恶，心腹暴痛，惊痫堕胎，一切痈疽膏药、掺药，皆取其通窍开经络，透肌骨之
功，兼苦能杀虫，辛能散翳耳。
麝香，辟恶气，杀精鬼、温疟、蛊毒，却惊痫，通关开窍，镇心安神，吐风痰，消
痞胀，能堕胎，消三虫、中恶、心腹暴痛、目中虑翳。然以走窜为功，阴消阳耗，观麝
香所落之地，草色痿黄，且果得麝则坏，酒得麝则败，皆因走窜，盗泄真气也。故丹溪
云∶五脏之风，忌用麝香，以泻卫气，故属虚者，概勿轻用。痨怯人及孕妇切忌佩带。
主治（痘疹合参） 闻之则能靥痘，服之则能发痘。凡痘遍身不起，隐伏而作痒
者，并黑陷者，可用少许，以透心窍，使毒易出。切勿多用，恐催紧发泡，爬塌而死。
苟非陷伏黑陷，忌之。
狗阴茎，一名狗精，气味与马茎同，其功用亦相似，性专补右肾命门真火，故能令
阳道丰癃，精暖盈溢，使人生子也。女子带下十二疾，皆冲任虚寒所致。咸温入下焦，
补暖二脉，故亦主之也。宜六月上伏时，取之阴干百日。狗头骨，宜黄狗者良，烧灰，
主金疮止血，久虚杂色恶疮，女人赤白带下，跌扑损阳，杖疮及敷恶疮，妒乳痈肿，
皆取其咸能入血，甘能补血，温能和血，故所致甚效。白狗血，入心补血，治血虚癫
疾。肉，味咸、酸，气温，属土，无毒，乃脾胃家肉也。五脏皆赖脾胃以养，脾胃得补
则五脏皆安，故补绝伤壮阳道，暖腰膝益气力，补血脉浓肠胃，实下焦填骨髓也。黄犬
益脾，黑犬补肾，他色者不宜用也。内外两肾俱助阳事，但肉不可多食，令人消渴，气
壮多火之人，不宜食，若妊妇食之令子无声，热病后服之杀人。狗宝如牛之有黄也。
第狗性热，其宝定是苦温之物，世人用治噎症，以其苦能下泄，温能通行耳。又主痈疽
疗肿，同蟾酥、脑麝、雄黄、乳香、没药等用，然性热善消噎病，由于痰及虚寒而得
者，犹可暂用，若固血液衰少，脾胃虚弱，以致噎膈者，法所当忌。
狗阴，坚举男子阳茎，妇人虚寒带漏。肉性温热，安五脏益气力，壮阳道补绝伤，
暖腰膝，不可炙食及同蒜食，孕妇亦忌。
主治（痘疹合参） 狗蝇，治倒靥面色黑，每用七个擂细，和酒少许调服，夏月极
多易得，冬月则藏于耳中。
【麝香】
味道苦、辛，香气芳香猛烈，是开通关窍、利通孔穴的上等药物。麝这种山兽喜欢吃柏叶等香木芳草，所以气味聚集在肚脐处，凝结成这种香料。当积聚满了之后，肚脐内部就会急痛，麝便会自己用爪子剔出来。有人说它是吃蛇多了才结成的，这是不对的。麝香辛香走窜，能从体内通达体外，使毫毛、骨节全部张开，邪气由此排出，所以主治偏侧恶气、精怪蛊毒、温疟和中恶（感受秽浊疫疠之气），心腹突然剧痛，惊痫和堕胎。一切痈疽膏药、掺药，都利用它通窍开经络、透达肌骨的功效，兼有苦味能杀虫，辛味能消散目翳。
麝香能辟除恶气，杀灭精怪、温疟、蛊毒，驱除惊痫，开通关窍，镇心安神，吐出风痰，消除痞满胀气，能导致堕胎，消除三虫（寄生虫）、中恶、心腹暴痛、眼中浑浊翳障。然而它以走窜为功效，会消耗阴液、耗损阳气，看麝香掉落的地方，草色枯萎发黄，而且如果得到麝香则酒坏，酒遇到麝香则变质，都是因为走窜之性，盗泄人体真气。所以朱丹溪说：五脏之风，忌讳使用麝香，因为它泻卫气，所以属于虚证的人，一概不要轻率使用。患有劳怯病的人和孕妇切忌佩戴。
主治（痘疹合参）：闻到麝香的气味能使痘疮收靥（结痂脱落），服用麝香能使痘疮发出。凡是痘疮遍布全身但不发起来，隐伏而作痒的，以及黑陷型的，可以使用少许麝香，以透达心窍，使毒邪容易排出。千万不要多用，恐怕催促痘疮过快发泡，导致塌陷而死。如果不是陷伏或黑陷型，应忌用。
【狗阴茎】
又名狗精，气味与马阴茎相同，功用也相似，性质专门补益右肾命门的真火，所以能使阳道丰隆，精气温暖充盈溢出，使人能够生育。女子带下十二种疾病，都是冲脉、任脉虚寒所致。狗阴茎咸温入下焦，补暖冲任二脉，所以也能主治这些病症。适宜在六月上伏时，采取后阴干一百天。
【狗头骨】
宜用黄狗的头骨为好，烧成灰，主治金创出血，久虚引起的杂色恶疮，女人赤白带下，跌打损伤导致的阳气受损，杖疮及敷治恶疮，妒乳（哺乳期乳房红肿疼痛）痈肿，都利用它咸味能入血，甘味能补血，温性能调和血液的特性，所以效果很好。
【狗肉】
味道咸、酸，气温，属土，无毒，是脾胃家的肉类。五脏都依赖脾胃来滋养，脾胃得到补益则五脏安宁，所以能补益绝伤、壮阳道，温暖腰膝、益气力，补血脉、厚肠胃，充实下焦、填骨髓。黄犬肉益脾，黑犬肉补肾，其他颜色的不宜使用。内外两肾都助阳事，但肉不可多吃，令人患消渴症，气壮多火的人不宜食用，如果孕妇吃了会使孩子失声，热病后服用会致死。
【狗宝】
就像牛有牛黄一样。只是狗性热，它的宝定是苦温之物，世人用它治疗噎症，因为苦味能向下泄降，温性能通行。又主治痈疽疗肿，同蟾酥、脑麝、雄黄、乳香、没药等一起使用。然而其性热善于消除因痰及虚寒引起的噎病，还可以暂时使用，如果是由于血液衰少、脾胃虚弱导致的噎膈，则是法度所禁忌的。
【狗阴】
坚举男子阳茎，治疗妇人虚寒带下漏下。肉性温热，安五脏、益气力，壮阳道、补绝伤，温暖腰膝，不可炙烤食用及同蒜一起吃，孕妇也忌用。
[Musk]
Tasting bitter and pungent, with a fragrant and intense aroma, it is a superior medicine for unblocking orifices and benefiting apertures. The musk deer, a mountain animal, feeds on aromatic trees and herbs such as cypress leaves; thus, the qi gathers in its navel, condensing into this fragrance. When full, the interior of the navel becomes painfully urgent, and the deer scratches it out itself. Some claim it forms from consuming many snakes, which is incorrect. Musk's pungent and aromatic nature moves and penetrates, reaching from the interior to the exterior, causing hair follicles and bone joints to open, allowing evil pathogens to exit. Therefore, it treats lateral malignant qi, spirit/gu poison, warm malaria, zhong-e (sudden illness due to turbid epidemic qi), sudden severe pain in the heart and abdomen, convulsions and epilepsy, and abortion. All ointments and powders for carbuncles and sores utilize its ability to open orifices, unblock meridians, and penetrate muscle and bone. Additionally, its bitterness can kill parasites, and its pungency can dissipate corneal opacities.
Musk dispels malignant qi, kills spirits, warm malaria, and gu poison, resolves convulsions and epilepsy, unblocks orifices, calms the heart and spirit, expels wind-phlegm, eliminates distension, induces abortion, removes three parasites (intestinal worms), treats zhong-e, sudden severe abdominal pain, and cloudy corneal opacities. However, its efficacy lies in its moving and penetrating nature, which consumes yin and depletes yang. Wherever musk falls, grass withers and turns yellow; if musk contacts wine, the wine spoils. This is because its moving nature steals and leaks true qi. Thus, Zhu Danxi stated: For wind affecting the five zang organs, musk is contraindicated as it drains defensive qi; therefore, those with deficiency patterns should not use it lightly. Patients with consumption and weakness, and pregnant women, must strictly avoid wearing it.
Main Indications (Integration of Smallpox and Rashes): Inhaling its scent causes smallpox pustules to crust over; ingesting it promotes eruption. For cases where smallpox covers the body but fails to erupt, remains latent and itchy, or presents as black depression, a small amount may be used to penetrate the heart orifice, facilitating the expulsion of toxins. Do not use excessively, lest it hasten blistering leading to collapse and death. It is contraindicated unless there is depression or blackening.
[Dog Penis]
Also known as dog essence, its flavor and odor are similar to that of the horse penis, and its functions are comparable. Its nature specifically tonifies the true fire of the right kidney and Mingmen (Gate of Vitality). Thus, it enhances male potency, warms and fills the semen, enabling procreation. Women's twelve types of leukorrhea are caused by deficiency-cold of the Chong and Ren vessels. Being salty and warm, it enters the lower jiao and tonifies and warms these two vessels, thus treating them. It should be harvested during the upper fu days of the sixth lunar month and air-dried in the shade for one hundred days.
[Dog Skull Bone]
The skull bone of a yellow dog is best. Calcined to ash, it treats traumatic injuries (golden wounds) to stop bleeding, chronic deficiency-related foul ulcers, red and white leukorrhea in women, trauma-induced yang damage, whip marks, and foul ulcers. It is also used for mastitis and breast abscesses. These applications rely on its salty nature entering the blood, sweet nature tonifying blood, and warm nature harmonizing blood, yielding significant effects.
[White Dog Blood]
Enters the Heart meridian to tonify blood, treating epilepsy caused by blood deficiency.
[Dog Meat]
Tasting salty and sour, with a warm temperature, belonging to Earth, non-toxic. It is meat of the Spleen and Stomach. The five zang organs rely on the Spleen and Stomach for nourishment; when the Spleen and Stomach are tonified, the five zang organs are stabilized. Thus, it tonifies severe injuries, strengthens male potency, warms the waist and knees, boosts qi and strength, tonifies blood vessels, thickens the stomach and intestines, fills the lower jiao, and marrow. Yellow dog meat benefits the Spleen; black dog meat tonifies the Kidney; meat of other colors is unsuitable. Both internal and external kidneys assist sexual function, but meat should not be consumed in excess as it causes xiao-ke (wasting-thirst). Individuals with robust qi and excessive heat/fire should avoid it. Pregnant women eating it may give birth to mute children; consuming it after febrile diseases can be fatal.
[Dog Gallstone/Gem]
Similar to how cattle have gallstones. Since dogs have hot nature, their gem is likely bitter and warm. People use it to treat dysphagia (ye syndrome) because bitterness directs downward and warmth promotes circulation. It also treats carbuncles, sores, and boils, often combined with toad venom, brain/musk, realgar, frankincense, and myrrh. However, since its nature is hot and good at resolving dysphagia caused by phlegm and deficiency-cold, it may be used temporarily. If dysphagia is caused by blood depletion and Spleen/Stomach weakness, it is contraindicated.
[Dog Genitalia]
Erects the male penis and treats female deficiency-cold leukorrhea and leakage. The meat is warm and hot, stabilizes the five zang organs, boosts qi and strength, strengthens male potency, repairs injuries, and warms the waist and knees. It should not be roasted or eaten with garlic. Pregnant women should avoid it.
Main Indications (Integration of Smallpox and Rashes): Dog flies (likely referring to a specific preparation or insect related to dog flies) treat inverted smallpox with black facial complexion. Use seven pieces, grind finely, mix with a little wine, and take orally. They are abundant and easy to obtain in summer; in winter, they hide in the ears.