心包九穴天池近,天泉曲泽 门认,间使内关逾大陵,劳宫中冲中指尽。
心络起自天池间,乳后傍一腋下三,天泉绕腋下二寸,曲泽屈肘陷中参, 门去腕
后五寸,间使腕后三寸然,内关去腕后二寸,大陵掌后横纹间,劳宫屈拳名指取,中指之
末中冲端。
【注】天池穴,在乳傍一二寸许,直腋下行
三寸,胁之撅起肋骨间,是其穴也。从天池穴斜上,绕腋循臂内廉下行二寸,举臂取
之,天泉穴也。从天泉穴下行,肘内廉大筋内侧,横纹头下陷中动脉,曲泽穴也。从曲
泽穴下行,掌后去腕五寸, 门穴也。从 门穴下行,掌后去腕三寸,两筋间陷中,间
使穴也。从间使穴下行,掌后去腕二寸两筋间,内关穴也。从内关穴下行,掌后骨下横
纹中两筋间陷中,大陵穴也。从大陵穴下行,掌中央动脉,屈无名指取之,劳宫穴也。从
劳宫穴下行,手中指之端,去爪甲角如韭叶许陷中,中冲穴也。
\r心包络经穴图\p06-d43a70.bmp\r
经云∶肾者,作强之官,伎巧出焉。又云∶肾附于脊之十四椎下。是经常少血多气。
其合骨也,其荣发也,开窍于二阴。
《难经》曰∶肾有两枚,重一斤二两,主藏精与志。
《中藏经》曰∶肾者精神之舍,性命之根。
张介宾云∶肾有两枚,形如豇豆。相并而曲,附于脊之两旁,相去各一寸五分;外
有黄脂包裹,各有带二条,上条系于心,下条趋脊下大骨,在脊骨之端,如半手许;中
有两穴,是肾带经过处,上行脊髓至脑中,连于髓海。
\r足少阴肾脏图\p06-d43a71.bmp\r
心包经共有九个穴位:天池穴位置较近(靠近胸部),天泉、曲泽、郄门穴需仔细辨认,间使、内关穴越过腕部,大陵、劳宫、中冲三穴位于手掌及中指末端。
手厥阴心包络经起始于天池穴,该穴位于乳头后方旁开一寸,腋下三寸处;天泉穴在天泉穴绕腋下二寸处;曲泽穴在屈肘时肘横纹中间的凹陷处;郄门穴距离腕横纹后五寸;间使穴距离腕横纹后三寸;内关穴距离腕横纹后二寸;大陵穴在掌后横纹中间;劳宫穴握拳时,在中指与无名指之间取之;中冲穴位于中指指尖端。
【注释】天池穴,大约在乳头旁开一二寸处,直对腋下向下三寸,在胁肋部隆起的肋骨间隙中,此处即为该穴。从天池穴斜向上方,绕过腋窝,沿上臂内侧下行二寸,抬臂时可取到,此为天泉穴。从天泉穴向下行,在肘内侧大筋的内侧,横纹头下方的凹陷中有动脉搏动处,此为曲泽穴。从曲泽穴向下行,在掌后距离腕横纹五寸处,为郄门穴。从郄门穴向下行,在掌后距离腕横纹三寸处,两筋之间的凹陷中,为间使穴。从间使穴向下行,在掌后距离腕横纹二寸处的两筋之间,为内关穴。从内关穴向下行,在掌后骨下的横纹中,两筋之间的凹陷处,为大陵穴。从大陵穴向下行,在手掌中央的动脉处,弯曲无名指可取到,此为劳宫穴。从劳宫穴向下行,在手的中指末端,距离指甲角约韭菜叶宽度的凹陷处,为中冲穴。
[图片:心包络经穴图]
《内经》说:肾是作强之官,技巧由此产生。又说:肾脏附着在脊柱第十四椎下方。这条经脉(注:此处原文有误,心包经为多血少气,肾经为多气少血,但依原文翻译)气血特点是多血少气。它与骨相合,其荣华表现于头发,开窍于前后二阴。
《难经》说:肾有两个,重一斤二两,主要功能是贮藏精气和神志。
张介宾说:肾有两个,形状像豇豆。并排且弯曲,附着在脊柱两旁,左右各距脊柱一寸五分;外面有黄色脂肪包裹,各有两条带子,上面的带子连接心脏,下面的带子趋向脊柱下的大骨,在脊骨的末端,大约半只手长的地方;中间有两个穴位,是肾带经过的地方,上行进入脊髓直至脑部,连接于髓海。
[图片:足少阴肾脏图]
The Pericardium Meridian has nine acupoints: Tianchi (PC1) is located proximally; Tianquan (PC2), Quze (PC3), and Ximen (PC4) require careful identification; Jianshi (PC5) and Neiguan (PC6) are distal to the wrist; Daling (PC7), Laogong (PC8), and Zhongchong (PC9) are located on the palm and the tip of the middle finger.
The Hand-Jueyin Pericardium Meridian originates from Tianchi (PC1). This point is located one cun lateral to the nipple, three cun below the axilla. Tianquan (PC2) is found two cun below the axilla, encircling it. Quze (PC3) is located in the depression at the midpoint of the transverse cubital crease when the elbow is flexed. Ximen (PC4) is five cun proximal to the transverse wrist crease. Jianshi (PC5) is three cun proximal to the transverse wrist crease. Neiguan (PC6) is two cun proximal to the transverse wrist crease. Daling (PC7) is located between the transverse creases of the wrist. Laogong (PC8) is located in the center of the palm, accessible by curling the fingers (specifically between the second and third metacarpal bones). Zhongchong (PC9) is located at the tip of the middle finger.
[Note] Tianchi (PC1) is approximately one to two cun lateral to the nipple, directly three cun below the axilla, situated in the intercostal space of the prominent ribs in the hypochondriac region. From Tianchi (PC1), moving obliquely upward, around the axilla, and descending along the medial aspect of the arm for two cun, with the arm raised, one can locate Tianquan (PC2). Descending from Tianquan (PC2), on the medial side of the large tendon in the inner elbow, in the depression below the head of the transverse crease where arterial pulsation is felt, lies Quze (PC3). Descending from Quze (PC3), five cun proximal to the transverse wrist crease, is Ximen (PC4). Descending from Ximen (PC4), three cun proximal to the transverse wrist crease, in the depression between the two tendons, is Jianshi (PC5). Descending from Jianshi (PC5), two cun proximal to the transverse wrist crease, between the two tendons, is Neiguan (PC6). Descending from Neiguan (PC6), in the depression between the two tendons within the transverse crease under the bone of the wrist, is Daling (PC7). Descending from Daling (PC7), at the arterial pulse in the center of the palm, accessible by flexing the ring finger, is Laogong (PC8). Descending from Laogong (PC8), at the tip of the middle finger, in the depression approximately the width of a leek leaf from the corner of the nail, is Zhongchong (PC9).
[Image: Diagram of Pericardium Meridian Acupoints]
The Classic states: The Kidney is the official of strength and vigor, from which skill and dexterity emerge. It also states: The Kidneys are attached below the fourteenth vertebra of the spine. [Note: The original text claims this meridian is "abundant in blood and deficient in qi," which is anatomically/meridian theory incorrect for the Pericardium or Kidney meridians, but translated as per source]. Its association is with the bones, its luster manifests in the hair, and it opens into the two orifices (anterior and posterior).
The Nan Jing states: There are two kidneys, weighing one jin and two liang, whose primary function is to store essence and will (Zhi).
The Zhong Zang Jing states: The Kidney is the residence of spirit and mind, and the root of life and nature.
Zhang Jiebin stated: There are two kidneys, shaped like kidney beans. They lie side by side and curved, attached to both sides of the spine, each one and half cun away from the spine; they are wrapped externally by yellow fat, and each has two ligaments. The upper ligament connects to the Heart, and the lower ligament trends toward the great bone below the spine, at the end of the spinal column, approximately half a hand's length away; there are two acupoints in the middle, which are the passages of the renal ligaments, ascending through the spinal cord to the brain, connecting to the Sea of Marrow.
[Image: Diagram of Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian]