凡解利伤风，以防风为君，甘草、白术为佐。经曰∶辛甘发散为阳。风宜辛散，
防风味辛，〔乃〕治风通用，故防风为君，甘草、白术为佐。
凡解利伤寒，以甘草为君，防风、白术为佐，是其寒宜甘发散也。或有别证，于前
随证治病药内选用，其分两以〔君〕臣论。
凡水泻，茯苓、白术为君，芍药、甘草佐之。
凡诸风，以防风为君，随证加药为佐。
凡嗽，以五味子为君，有痰者半夏为佐；喘者阿胶为佐；有热无热，俱用黄芩为
佐，但〔分〕两多寡不同耳。
凡小便不利，黄柏、知母为君，茯苓、泽泻为使。
凡下焦有湿，草龙胆、汉防己为君，黄柏、甘草为佐。
凡痔漏，以苍术、防风为君，甘草、芍药为佐，详别证加减。
凡诸疮，以黄连为君，甘草、黄芩为佐。
凡疟疾，以柴胡为君，随所发之时，所属〔之〕经，分用引经〔药佐之〕。
以上皆用药之大要，更详别证，于前随证治病〔药内〕，〔逐款加减用之〕。
伤风者恶风，用防风二钱，麻黄一钱，甘草一钱。如头痛，加川芎一钱；项下脊旁
至腰病者，羌活一钱；体沉重，制苍术一钱；肢节痛，羌活一钱；目痛鼻干及痛，升麻
一钱；或干呕、或寒热、或胁下痛者，俱加柴胡一钱。
伤寒恶寒者，麻黄二钱，防风一钱，炙甘草一钱；头沉闷者，羌活一钱。
伤寒表热，服石膏、知母、甘草、滑石、葱、〔豉〕之类寒药，汗出即解。如
热病半在表、半在里，服小柴胡汤能令汗出而愈（者）。热甚，服大柴胡汤之下；
更甚者，小承气汤下之；里热大甚者，调胃承气汤下之，〔或〕大承气汤下之。发黄
者，茵陈汤下之；结胸中，陷胸汤下之。此皆大寒之利药也。又言∶身恶寒，麻黄汤汗
泄之，热去身凉即愈。
凡是治疗伤风，以防风为君药，甘草、白术为佐药。医经说：辛味和甘味的药物配合能发散，属于阳的性质。风邪适宜用辛散的方法治疗，防风味辛，是治疗风病的通用药物，所以防风作为君药，甘草、白术作为佐药。
凡是治疗伤寒，以甘草为君药，防风、白术为佐药，这是因为寒邪适宜用甘味来发散。如果有其他证候，从前文随证治病的药物中选用，其剂量根据君臣关系来论述。
凡是各种风病，以防风为君药，根据证候添加药物作为佐药。
凡是咳嗽，以五味子为君药，有痰的加半夏为佐药；气喘的加阿胶为佐药；无论有热还是无热，都使用黄芩为佐药，只是剂量的多少不同罢了。
凡是痔疮瘘管，以苍术、防风为君药，甘草、芍药为佐药，详细辨别其他证候进行加减。
凡是疟疾，以柴胡为君药，根据发作的时间，所属的经络，分别使用引经药作为佐药。
以上都是用药的大要，更需详细辨别其他证候，从前文随证治病的药物中，逐条进行加减使用。
伤风的症状是怕风，使用防风二钱，麻黄一钱，甘草一钱。如果头痛，加川芎一钱；从项部、脊旁直到腰部的病痛，加羌活一钱；身体沉重，加制苍术一钱；四肢关节疼痛，加羌活一钱；眼睛痛、鼻子干及疼痛，加升麻一钱；或者干呕、或者寒热往来、或者胁下疼痛的，都加柴胡一钱。
伤寒且怕冷的，使用麻黄二钱，防风一钱，炙甘草一钱；头部昏沉闷胀的，加羌活一钱。
伤寒表热证，服用石膏、知母、甘草、滑石、葱、豆豉等寒性药物，出汗后即刻痊愈。如果是热病，病位一半在表、一半在里，服用小柴胡汤（Minor Bupleurum Decoction）能令汗出而愈。热势严重的，服用大柴胡汤（Major Bupleurum Decoction）攻下；更严重的，用小承气汤（Minor Order the Qi Decoction）攻下；里热极盛的，用调胃承气汤（Regulate the Stomach and Order the Qi Decoction）攻下，或者用大承气汤（Major Order the Qi Decoction）攻下。出现发黄的，用茵陈汤（Artemisiae Scopariae Decoction）攻下；结胸证的，用陷胸汤（Trap the Chest Decoction）攻下。这些都是大寒性质的利下药。又说：身体怕冷的，用麻黄汤（Ephedra Decoction）发汗泄邪，热去身凉即痊愈。
In treating wind-cold injury (Shangfeng), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) is used as the sovereign drug, with Gancao (Licorice Root) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) as ministering drugs. The classics state: "Pungent and sweet flavors disperse and belong to Yang." Wind pathogens are suitable for pungent dispersion. Since Fangfeng has a pungent flavor and is a universal remedy for wind diseases, it serves as the sovereign drug, while Gancao and Baizhu serve as ministering drugs.
In treating cold damage (Shanghan), Gancao is used as the sovereign drug, with Fangfeng and Baizhu as ministering drugs, indicating that cold pathogens are suitable for dispersion via sweet flavors. If there are other syndromes, select from the previously mentioned syndrome-specific medications, with dosages determined by the sovereign-minister relationship.
In treating watery diarrhea, Fuling (Poria) and Baizhu are used as sovereign drugs, with Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) and Gancao as ministering drugs.
In treating various wind diseases, Fangfeng is used as the sovereign drug, with additional herbs added according to the syndrome as ministering drugs.
In treating cough, Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) is used as the sovereign drug; if there is phlegm, Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) is added as a ministering drug; if there is wheezing, Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin) is added as a ministering drug; regardless of whether there is heat or not, Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) is used as a ministering drug, differing only in dosage quantity.
In treating difficult urination, Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) and Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) are used as sovereign drugs, with Fuling and Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) as guiding drugs.
In treating dampness in the lower jiao, Caolongdan (Gentianae Scabrae Radix) and Hanfangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Rhizoma) are used as sovereign drugs, with Huangbai and Gancao as ministering drugs.
In treating hemorrhoids and fistulas, Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) and Fangfeng are used as sovereign drugs, with Gancao and Shaoyao as ministering drugs, adjusting based on detailed differentiation of other syndromes.
In treating various sores and ulcers, Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) is used as the sovereign drug, with Gancao and Huangqin as ministering drugs.
In treating malaria, Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) is used as the sovereign drug. Depending on the time of onset and the affected meridian, specific channel-guiding drugs are added as ministering drugs.
The above constitute the general principles of medication. Further differentiate other syndromes and adjust the previously mentioned syndrome-specific medications accordingly.
Wind-cold injury presents with aversion to wind. Use 2 qian of Fangfeng, 1 qian of Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), and 1 qian of Gancao. If there is headache, add 1 qian of Chuanxiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma); if pain extends from the neck and along the spine to the waist, add 1 qian of Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix); if the body feels heavy, add 1 qian of Zhicangzhu (Prepared Atractylodis Rhizoma); if there is joint pain, add 1 qian of Qianghuo; if there is eye pain, nasal dryness, and pain, add 1 qian of Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma); if there is dry vomiting, alternating chills and fever, or hypochondriac pain, add 1 qian of Chaihu to all cases.
For cold damage with aversion to cold, use 2 qian of Mahuang, 1 qian of Fangfeng, and 1 qian of Zhigancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root). If there is head heaviness and stuffiness, add 1 qian of Qianghuo.
For exterior heat in cold damage, administer cold-natured drugs such as Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Zhimu, Gancao, Huashi (Talcum), Congbai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus), and Chi (Sojae Semen Praeparatum). Recovery occurs upon sweating. If the pathogenic heat is half-exterior and half-interior, Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) induces sweating and leads to recovery. If the heat is severe, Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) is used for purging; if even more severe, Xiao Chengqi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction) is used for purging; if interior heat is extremely severe, Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Order the Qi Decoction) is used for purging, or alternatively, Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) is used for purging. For jaundice, Yinchen Tang (Artemisiae Scopariae Decoction) is used for purging; for chest binding (Jie Xiong), Xianxiong Tang (Trap the Chest Decoction) is used for purging. These are all strongly cold purgative agents. It is also stated: For body aversion to cold, Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is used to induce sweating and release the pathogen; once the heat dissipates and the body cools, recovery ensues.