气郁 湿郁 痰郁 火郁 血郁 食郁
滞而不通病名郁，气血痰火湿与食。丹溪制成越鞠丸（方用茅术、香附、山栀、川芎、神
曲），能解诸郁有功绩。寒热头疼胸膈痛，目暗耳聋脉沉涩。气郁木香乌药加，砂薄青皮桂枝
及。湿郁周身骨节痛，阴寒则发肢无力。脉来沉细茯苓芷，咳嗽气急为痰郁。手足麻木脉滑
沉，痰块坚硬咯不出。须加桔梗杏仁蒌，半夏南星及海石。火郁口苦心烦甚，头痛惺惺目昏
黑。小便赤色脉沉数，青黛黄连功妙极。午后发热为血郁，小便通处移不得。脉来沉涩或芤
结，上下失血桃红入。嗳气作酸为食郁，胸膈饱闷面黄色。痛不思食脉沉紧，枳实砂仁加亦
适。春加防风夏苦参，秋冬之令吴萸益。
陈曰∶郁则气滞，气滞久则必化热，热久则津液耗而不流，升降之机失度。初伤气分，
久延血分，甚则延为郁劳。用药大旨宜苦辛润宣通，不宜燥热敛涩呆补。
捍卫冲和之谓气，妄动变常火之例。《局方》燥热与辛香，以火济火有何利。生冷生气
高阳言（误言也），气多是火丹溪意。随症调治辨虚实，虚者右手脉无力。言懒气短身倦怠，
胸中虚满不思食。塞因塞用（《内经》有明文）六君子，补中益气亦有益。滞气实者脉洪实，
忧愁忿怒因而得。胸胁胀满噫不通，吐酸恶心心郁抑，种种气滞若何医，分心气饮最相宜。
通半茯苓赤芍桂，羌桑苏梗青陈皮。术香甘腹引姜枣，香附谷槟胸满施，胁痛芎柴为要药，
痛居少腹吴萸移。气滞气虚合补剂，六君兼用功诚异。性急加柴热加芩，女人乌药香附利。
气滞腰痛枳壳瓜（木瓜），翻胃沉香磨顺气。
停滞不通的病证称为“郁”，涉及气、血、痰、火、湿与食六类。朱丹溪创立了越鞠丸（方剂由苍术、香附、山栀、川芎、神曲组成），在解除各种郁滞方面功效显著。若出现寒热交替、头痛、胸膈疼痛，视力模糊、耳聋、脉象沉涩，属于气郁。治疗时可在基础方中加入木香、乌药、砂仁、厚朴、青皮、桂枝等药物。
若周身骨节疼痛，遇阴寒天气发作且肢体无力，属于湿郁。脉象沉细者，可加茯苓、白芷。若咳嗽、气急，则属于痰郁。手足麻木、脉象滑而沉，痰块坚硬难以咳出，也属痰郁范畴。此时需加入桔梗、杏仁、瓜蒌、半夏、天南星及海浮石。
口苦、心烦严重，头痛、头晕眼花、视物昏黑，小便色赤、脉象沉数，属于火郁。使用青黛、黄连疗效极佳。午后发热属于血郁，病变部位固定不移。脉象沉涩或芤结，伴有上下失血症状，需加入桃仁、红花。嗳气泛酸、胸膈饱闷、面色发黄、疼痛且不思饮食、脉象沉紧，属于食郁。可加入枳实、砂仁，亦为适宜。春季加防风，夏季加苦参，秋冬季节加吴茱萸以顺应时令。
陈修园说：郁滞导致气机阻滞，气滞日久必然化热，热久则津液消耗而不能流通，升降的机能失去节制。初期损伤气分，日久延及血分，甚至发展为郁劳（因情志抑郁导致的虚损劳病）。用药的大致原则宜用苦辛润宣通之法，不宜使用燥热、收敛、呆补的药物。
所谓捍卫冲和之气，若妄动失常则变为火。《局方》中使用的燥热与辛香药物，以火助火有何益处？高阳氏所言“生冷生气”是错误的观点，“气多即火”才是朱丹溪的本意。随症调治需辨别虚实，虚证表现为右手脉无力，言语懒倦、气短、身体倦怠、胸中虚满、不思饮食。应采用“塞因塞用”（《内经》中有明确记载）的方法，使用六君子汤，补中益气汤也有益处。
气滞实证者脉象洪实，多因忧愁愤怒所致。胸胁胀满、打嗝不通、吐酸水、恶心、心中郁抑，面对种种气滞病症，分心气饮最为适宜。方中包含半夏、茯苓、赤芍、桂枝、羌活、桑白皮、紫苏梗、青皮、陈皮。白术、香附、甘草、生姜、大枣为引，香附、谷芽、槟榔用于胸满，胁痛以川芎、柴胡为要药，疼痛位于少腹者加吴茱萸。气滞兼气虚者可合用补剂，六君子汤兼用功效独特。性格急躁加柴胡，有热加黄芩，女性患者用乌药、香附有利。气滞腰痛可用枳壳、木瓜，翻胃呕吐磨沉香粉以顺气。
Qi Depression, Dampness Depression, Phlegm Depression, Fire Depression, Blood Depression, Food Depression
The disease characterized by stagnation and obstruction is called "Depression" (Yu), involving Qi, Blood, Phlegm, Fire, Dampness, and Food. Zhu Danxi formulated Yueju Wan (Cure Six Depressions Pill) [composed of Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu), Gardeniae Fructus (Shanzhi), Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong), and Medicated Leaven (Shenqu)], which has meritorious effects in resolving various depressions. If accompanied by alternating chills and fever, headache, pain in the chest and diaphragm, blurred vision, deafness, and a deep, choppy pulse, it belongs to Qi Depression. Treatment involves adding Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (Muxiang), Linderae Radix (Wuyao), Amomi Fructus Rotundus (Sharen), Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Qingpi), and Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi) to the base formula.
If there is pain throughout the body and joints, exacerbated by cold weather with limb weakness, it belongs to Dampness Depression. For a deep, fine pulse, add Poria (Fuling) and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi). If coughing and rapid breathing occur, it belongs to Phlegm Depression. Numbness of the hands and feet, a slippery and deep pulse, and hard phlegm masses that are difficult to expectorate also fall under Phlegm Depression. In such cases, Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren), Trichosanthis Fructus (Gualou), Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia), Arisaematis Rhizoma (Nanxing), and Spongia (Haishi) should be added.
Bitter taste in the mouth, severe irritability, headache, dizziness, blurred vision, red urine, and a deep, rapid pulse belong to Fire Depression. Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) are extremely effective. Fever occurring in the afternoon belongs to Blood Depression, where the lesion site is fixed and immovable. A deep, choppy, or knotted pulse, accompanied by bleeding from above or below, requires the addition of Peach Kernel (Taoren) and Safflower (Honghua). Belching with acid regurgitation, fullness in the chest and diaphragm, yellowish complexion, pain with loss of appetite, and a tight, deep pulse belong to Food Depression. Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange) and Sharen (Amomum Fruit) can be added, which is also appropriate. Add Fangfeng (Saposhnikovia Root) in spring, Kushen (Sophora Root) in summer, and Wuyu (Evodia Fruit) in autumn and winter to accord with the seasons.
Chen Xiuyuan stated: Depression leads to Qi stagnation; prolonged Qi stagnation inevitably transforms into Heat. Prolonged Heat consumes Body Fluids (Jinye), causing them to cease flowing, and the mechanism of ascending and descending loses its regulation. Initially, the Qi aspect is damaged; after a long time, it extends to the Blood aspect, and may even develop into Yu Lao (Depressive Consumption). The general principle of medication should be bitter, pungent, moistening, diffusing, and unblocking; it is unsuitable to use drying, heating, astringent, or stagnant tonifying drugs.
Defending the harmonious Qi is referred to as Qi; when it moves recklessly and deviates from normality, it becomes Fire. The use of drying-hot and pungent-aromatic drugs in Ju Fang (Formulas of the Bureau of Taiyi Hospital) to aid Fire with Fire offers no benefit. Gao Yang's statement that "raw and cold generates Qi" is incorrect; the idea that "excess Qi is Fire" is Zhu Danxi's intent. Treatment must follow symptoms and distinguish deficiency and excess. Deficiency is indicated by a powerless pulse on the right hand, laziness in speech, shortness of breath, physical fatigue, empty fullness in the chest, and lack of appetite. One should employ "treating obstruction with obstructive methods" (a clear principle in Nei Jing), using Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction); Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) is also beneficial.
For Qi Stagnation Excess patterns, the pulse is surging and solid, often caused by worry and anger. Symptoms include distension and fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, inability to belch, acid regurgitation, nausea, and mental depression. For such various Qi stagnation conditions, Fenxin Qi Yin (Dividing Heart Qi Drink) is most suitable. It contains Ban Xia (Pinellia Tuber), Fu Ling (Poria), Chi Shao (Red Peony Root), Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig), Qiang Huo (Notopterygium Rhizome), Sang Bai Pi (Mulberry Root Bark), Zi Su Geng (Perilla Stem), Qing Pi (Green Tangerine Peel), and Chen Pi (Aged Tangerine Peel). Bai Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Xiang Fu (Cyperus Rhizome), Gan Cao (Licorice Root), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger), and Da Zao (Jujube) serve as guides; Xiang Fu, Gu Ya (Sprouted Grain), and Bing Lang (Areca Seed) are used for chest fullness; Chuan Xiong (Ligusticum Rhizome) and Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root) are essential for hypochondriac pain; Wu Zhu Yu (Evodia Fruit) is moved to treat pain located in the lower abdomen. For combined Qi Stagnation and Qi Deficiency, tonifying formulas can be combined; using Liujunzi Tang concurrently yields unique efficacy. Add Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root) for irritable temperament, Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) for heat, and Wu Yao (Lindera Root) and Xiang Fu (Cyperus Rhizome) are beneficial for women. For Qi stagnation causing lower back pain, Zhi Ke (Aurantium Fructus) and Mu Gua (Chaenomeles Fruit) are used; for Fan Wei (Regurgitation/Vomiting), Chen Xiang (Aquilaria Wood) ground into powder is used to regulate Qi.