五积散 治感冒寒邪外而皮毛经络内而脏腑上而头项下而腰脚无有不治及痢后鹤膝风
当归 麻黄 苍术 陈皮（各一钱） 干姜 白芍 枳壳（各八分） 半夏 白芷（各七分） 桔梗 炙草
茯苓 人参（一本无此分） 肉桂（各五分） 川芎（四分） 加生姜三片葱白二根
参芎用更奇桔芷夏苓姜桂草麻黄枳壳与陈皮
二陈汤（见下痰饮
黄 五物汤 治血痹，并治一切痹症之属虚者。
黄 桂枝 白芍（各三钱） 大枣（四枚） 生姜（四两
水煎服。
外治法 （筋骨之病，总在躯壳，古人多用外治。
《灵枢》治之以马矢膏，其急者，以白酒和桂涂；其缓者，以桑钩钩之即以生桑炭置
之坎中，高下以坐等。以膏熨急颊，且饮美酒，啖美炙肉，不饮酒者，自强也，为之三拊
而已。
《灵枢》用纯酒二十升，蜀椒一升，干姜一斤，桂心一斤，凡四种，皆 咀，渍酒中
，用棉絮一斤，细白布四丈，并纳酒中，置酒马矢 中，盖封涂，勿使泄，五日五夜，出
布棉絮曝干之，干后复渍，以尽其汁，每渍必 其日乃出，干并用滓，以棉絮复布为复巾
，长六、七尺，为六、七巾，则用生桑炭炙巾，以熨寒湿所刺之处，令热入至于病所，寒复
炙巾以熨之，三十遍而止。汗出，以巾拭身，亦三十遍而止。
羌活桂归酒（《种福堂》） 治风寒湿痹。
羌活 桂枝 秦艽 防风 续断 附子（各一钱） 归身 金毛狗脊 虎骨（各一钱五分） 杜
仲 晚蚕砂（各二钱） 川芎（八分） 桑枝 生姜（切片，一钱） 大枣（二枚
陈酒二斤，浸一日夜煎服。
集宝疗痹膏（《种福堂》
川乌 草乌 南星 半夏 当归 红花 独活 羌活 大黄 桃仁（各四钱） 山甲 肉桂
（各二两） 白芷（五钱） 陀僧 硫黄 松香（一斤） 生姜汁（一碗） 麻油（一斤
上收煎好，加乳香、没药、血竭、胡椒、樟冰、细辛、牙皂末（各二钱）。若加商陆根、凤
仙、闹杨花、鲜烟叶、鲜蒜、鲜希 等汁，更妙。
苍术黑豆饮（《种福堂》） 治痹方。
茅山苍术（五斤）
洗净泥垢，先以米泔水浸三宿，后用蜜酒浸一宿，去皮，用黑豆一层，拌苍术一层，蒸
二次，再用蜜酒蒸一次，用河水在炒锅内熬浓汁，去滓隔汤炖，滴水成珠为度，每膏（一斤）和
炼蜜（一斤），白汤调服。
一老人专用此方，寿至八十余，身轻体健，甚于少年。
七制松香膏（《种福堂》） 治湿气第一神方。
松香（三斤）
第一次姜汁煮，第二次葱汁煮，第三次白凤仙汁煮，第四次烧酒煮，第五次闹杨花汁煮
，第六次商陆根汁煮，第七次红醋煮。
桐油（三斤） 川乌 草乌 苍术 官桂 干姜 白芥子 蓖麻（以上各四两） 血余（八两
上八味，共入桐油，熬至药枯发消，滴水成珠，滤去滓，入牛皮膏四两烊化，用前制过
松香渐渐收之，离火加樟脑一两，好麝香三钱，浓纸摊之，贴患处，神效。
虎骨木通汤（《种福堂》） 治一切麻木痹证，痛风历节。
虎骨 木通各等分
煎汤，频频多吃，即愈。
红花白芷防风饮（《种福堂》） 治历节四肢疼痛。
红花 白芷 防风（各五钱） 威灵仙（三钱
酒煎服，取汁，三服全愈。
山甲白薇泽兰饮（《种福堂》） 治箭风(俗名鬼箭打)，或头项、手足筋骨疼痛，半身不遂
等疾，照方一服即愈。
山甲（一钱，研炒） 白薇（二钱） 泽兰（三钱
照分量，好酒煎服。
硫黄敷痛膏（《种福堂》） 治痛风历节，四肢疼痛。用醋磨硫黄敷之，或用葱白杵烂，炒
热熨之。
五积散：治疗因感受寒邪引起的疾病，无论病位在皮毛经络（体表的皮肤、毛发和经络系统），还是在脏腑内部，或是上至头项、下至腰脚，均能治疗；此外也用于治疗痢疾后出现的鹤膝风（一种以膝关节肿大如鹤膝为特征的痹症）。
配方组成：当归、麻黄、苍术、陈皮（各一钱）；干姜、白芍、枳壳（各八分）；半夏、白芷（各七分）；桔梗、炙甘草、茯苓、人参（有的版本无此药）、肉桂（各五分）；川芎（四分）。煎服时加生姜三片、葱白两根。
歌诀：参芎用更奇，桔芷夏苓姜桂草麻黄枳壳与陈皮。
黄芪五物汤：治疗血痹（血脉不通导致的麻木疼痛），并治疗一切属于虚证的痹症。
配方组成：黄芪、桂枝、白芍（各三钱）；大枣（四枚）；生姜（四两）。
用法：水煎服。
外治法：筋骨类的疾病，总归是在躯壳表面，古人多采用外治法。
《灵枢》记载的治疗方法是使用马矢膏（马粪制成的膏药），病情急重的，用白酒调和桂心涂抹；病情缓慢的，用桑钩牵引，并将生桑炭放置在坑中，坑的高度与坐姿相等。用膏药熨烫拘急的部位，同时饮用美酒，吃烤熟的肉，不饮酒的人也要勉强自己这样做，并进行三次拍抚即可。
《灵枢》还记载另一种方法：取纯酒二十升，蜀椒一升，干姜一斤，桂心一斤，共四种药材，都切碎，浸泡在酒中。放入一斤棉絮和四丈细白布，一并浸入酒中。将容器置于马粪发酵产生的热量中，加盖封口涂泥，防止泄漏。经过五天五夜后，取出布和棉絮晒干，晒干后再浸渍，直到吸尽药汁为止。每次浸渍必须等到第二天才能取出。晒干后将药渣混合，用棉絮和白布包裹成复巾，长六七尺，做成六七条。然后用生桑炭加热毛巾，熨烫受寒湿侵袭的部位，使热气深入病灶。待毛巾变凉后再加热熨烫，重复三十遍停止。出汗后，用毛巾擦拭身体，也重复三十遍停止。
羌活桂归酒（出自《种福堂》）：治疗风寒湿痹。
配方组成：羌活、桂枝、秦艽、防风、续断、附子（各一钱）；当归身、金毛狗脊、虎骨（各一钱五分）；杜仲、晚蚕砂（各二钱）；川芎（八分）；桑枝、生姜（切片，一钱）；大枣（二枚）。
用法：用陈酒二斤，浸泡一天一夜后煎服。
集宝疗痹膏（出自《种福堂》）：
配方组成：川乌、草乌、南星、半夏、当归、红花、独活、羌活、大黄、桃仁（各四钱）；穿山甲、肉桂（各二两）；白芷（五钱）；陀僧、硫黄、松香（一斤）；生姜汁（一碗）；麻油（一斤）。
制法：以上药物收煎好后，加入乳香、没药、血竭、胡椒、樟冰、细辛、牙皂末（各二钱）。如果再加入商陆根、凤仙花、闹杨花、鲜烟叶、鲜蒜、鲜希莶等汁液，效果更佳。
苍术黑豆饮（出自《种福堂》）：治疗痹症的方剂。
配方组成：茅山苍术（五斤）。
制法：洗净泥土污垢，先用米泔水浸泡三个晚上，再用蜜酒浸泡一个晚上，去皮。用一层黑豆拌一层苍术，蒸两次，再用蜜酒蒸一次。用河水在炒锅中熬成浓汁，去渣，隔水炖煮，直到滴水成珠的程度。每斤膏加入炼蜜一斤，用白开水调服。
有一位老人专门服用此方，活到八十多岁，身体轻盈健壮，胜过年轻人。
七制松香膏（出自《种福堂》）：治疗湿气的第一神方。
配方组成：松香（三斤）。
制法：第一次用姜汁煮，第二次用葱汁煮，第三次用白凤仙汁煮，第四次用烧酒煮，第五次用闹杨花汁煮，第六次用商陆根汁煮，第七次用红醋煮。
辅料：桐油（三斤）；川乌、草乌、苍术、官桂、干姜、白芥子、蓖麻（以上各四两）；血余（八两）。
制法：以上八味药，共同放入桐油中，熬至药枯发消，滴水成珠，滤去药渣，加入牛皮膏四两熔化，慢慢加入前面处理过的松香收膏。离火后加入樟脑一两、好麝香三钱，用厚纸摊开，贴于患处，疗效神奇。
虎骨木通汤（出自《种福堂》）：治疗一切麻木痹证，痛风历节。
配方组成：虎骨、木通各等分。
用法：煎汤，频繁多喝，即可痊愈。
红花白芷防风饮（出自《种福堂》）：治疗历节四肢疼痛。
配方组成：红花、白芷、防风（各五钱）；威灵仙（三钱）。
用法：用酒煎服，取汁液，服用三剂完全痊愈。
山甲白薇泽兰饮（出自《种福堂》）：治疗箭风（俗称鬼箭打），或头项、手足筋骨疼痛，半身不遂等疾病，照方服用一剂即愈。
配方组成：穿山甲（一钱，研碎炒制）、白薇（二钱）、泽兰（三钱）。
用法：按分量，用好酒煎服。
Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder): Treats diseases caused by external cold pathogenic factors. It is effective regardless of whether the pathology is located in the exterior skin and hair or meridians, inside the Zang-Fu organs, from the head and neck above to the waist and legs below. It also treats He Xi Feng (Crane's Knee Wind, a type of Bi syndrome characterized by swollen knees resembling a crane's knee) occurring after dysentery.
Ingredients: Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Ma Huang (Herba Ephedrae), Cang Zhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Chinensis), Chen Pi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae) (each 1 qian); Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens), Bai Shao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), Zhi Ke (Fructus Aurantii Immaturus) (each 8 fen); Ban Xia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Ternatae), Bai Zhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae) (each 7 fen); Jie Geng (Radix Platycodonis), Zhi Gan Cao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata with Honey), Fu Ling (Sclerotium Poriae), Ren Shen (Radix Ginseng - absent in some versions), Rou Gui (Cortex Cinnamomi) (each 5 fen); Chuan Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong) (4 fen). Add three slices of Sheng Jiang (Fresh Rhizoma Zingiberis) and two stalks of Cong Bai (White Part of Scallion) for decoction.
Mnemonic: "Ren Shen and Chuan Xiong are particularly wonderful; Jie Geng, Bai Zhi, Ban Xia, Fu Ling, Gan Jiang, Rou Gui, Zhi Gan Cao, Ma Huang, Zhi Ke, and Chen Pi."
Er Chen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) (See Phlegm-Fluids section below).
Huang Qi Wu Wu Tang (Astragalus Five-Ingredient Decoction): Treats Xue Bi (Blood Bi, numbness and pain due to blood vessel obstruction) and all types of Bi syndromes belonging to deficiency patterns.
Ingredients: Huang Qi (Radix Astragali), Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Bai Shao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) (each 3 qian); Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae) (4 pieces); Sheng Jiang (Fresh Rhizoma Zingiberis) (4 liang).
Usage: Decoct in water and take orally.
External Treatment Methods: Diseases of tendons and bones generally reside on the body surface; ancient physicians often used external treatments.
The *Ling Shu* records treatment using Ma Shi Gao (Horse Manure Plaster). For acute cases, apply Gui Xin (Cinnamon Heart) mixed with white wine topically; for chronic cases, use a mulberry hook for traction, place raw mulberry charcoal in a pit, adjusting the height to match the sitting position. Apply the plaster to the spasmodic area while drinking fine wine and eating roasted meat. Those who do not drink alcohol should force themselves to do so, followed by three rounds of patting/massage.
Another method from the *Ling Shu*: Use 20 sheng of pure wine, 1 sheng of Shu Jiao (Fructus Schisandrae), 1 jin of Gan Jiang (Dried Rhizoma Zingiberis), and 1 jin of Gui Xin (Cinnamon Heart). Crush these four ingredients and soak them in wine. Add 1 jin of cotton wadding and 4 zhang of fine white cloth, immersing them together in the wine. Place the container in a pit heated by fermenting horse manure, seal tightly with mud to prevent leakage. After five days and nights, remove the cloth and cotton, dry them in the sun, then re-soak until all medicinal juices are extracted. Each soaking must last until the next day before removal. Dry the mixture again, combine with dregs, wrap in cotton and cloth to make long towels (6-7 chi long, making 6-7 towels). Heat these towels over raw mulberry charcoal and apply to areas affected by cold-dampness, allowing heat to penetrate the lesion site. When cool, reheat and apply again. Repeat thirty times. Wipe sweat from the body with the towel, repeating thirty times.
Qiang Huo Gui Gui Jiu (Notopterygium, Cinnamon Twig, and Angelica Wine) (from *Zhong Fu Tang*): Treats Wind-Cold-Damp Bi syndrome.
Ingredients: Qiang Huo (Rhizoma Notopterygii), Gui Zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Qin Jiao (Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae), Fang Feng (Radix Saposhnikoviae), Xu Duan (Radix Dipsaci), Fu Zi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) (each 1 qian); Dang Gui Shen (Radix Angelicae Sinensis Root Body), Jin Mao Gou Ji (Rhizoma Cibotii), Hu Gu (Os Tigris) (each 1.5 qian); Du Zhong (Cortex Eucommiae), Wan Can Sha (Semen Bombycis) (each 2 qian); Chuan Xiong (Rhizoma Chuanxiong) (8 fen); Sang Zhi (Ramulus Mori), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Rhizoma Zingiberis, sliced) (1 qian); Da Zao (Fructus Jujubae) (2 pieces).
Usage: Soak in 2 jin of aged wine for one day and night, then decoct and take orally.
Ji Bao Liao Bi Gao (Treasure Collection Plaster for Bi Syndrome) (from *Zhong Fu Tang*):
Ingredients: Chuan Wu (Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii), Cao Wu (Radix Aconiti Karakolicum), Nan Xing (Rhizoma Arisaematis Cum Bile), Ban Xia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Ternatae), Dang Gui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Hong Hua (Flos Carthami), Du Huo (Radix Angelicae Pubescentis), Qiang Huo (Rhizoma Notopterygii), Da Huang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), Tao Ren (Semen Persicae) (each 4 qian); Shan Jia (Scuta Testudinis et Carapax Trionycis), Rou Gui (Cortex Cinnamomi) (each 2 liang); Bai Zhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae) (5 qian); Tuo Seng (Calcar Calcis), Liu Huang (Sulfur), Song Xiang (Resina Pini) (1 jin); Sheng Jiang Zhi (Jux Juice of Fresh Ginger) (1 bowl); Ma You (Semen Cannabis Oil) (1 jin).
Preparation: After decocting the above ingredients, add Ru Xiang (Resina Acaciae Cathartae), Mo Yao (Resina Myrrhae), Xue Jie (Resina Draconis), Hu Jiao (Fructus Piperis Longi), Zhang Bing (Borneolum Syntheticum), Xi Xin (Herba Asari), and Ya Zao Mo (Pulvis Gleditsiae Sinensis) (each 2 qian). Adding juices from Shang Lu Gen (Radix Phytolaccae), Feng Xian (Flos Impatiens Balsaminae), Nao Yang Hua (Flos Magnoliae Liliflorae), Fresh Yan Ye (Folium Nicotianae), Fresh Suan (Bulbus Allii Sativi), and Fresh Xi Xian Cao (Herba Siegesbeckiae) enhances efficacy.
Cang Zhu Hei Dou Yin (Atractylodes and Black Soybean Drink) (from *Zhong Fu Tang*): A formula for treating Bi syndrome.
Ingredients: Mao Shan Cang Zhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Chinensis from Maoshan) (5 jin).
Preparation: Clean dirt, soak in rice washing water for three nights, then soak in honey-wine for one night. Peel. Layer with black soybeans and Cang Zhu, steam twice, then steam once more with honey-wine. Boil in river water in a frying pan to create a thick juice, filter dregs, and stew over water until drops form beads. Mix each jin of paste with 1 jin of refined honey. Take mixed with warm water.
An elderly person used this formula exclusively, living to over eighty years old, with a light and healthy body, surpassing youth.
Qi Zhi Song Xiang Gao (Seven-Processed Pine Resin Plaster) (from *Zhong Fu Tang*): The premier divine formula for treating dampness.
Ingredients: Song Xiang (Resina Pini) (3 jin).
Processing: Boil first time in ginger juice, second time in scallion juice, third time in white balsam apple juice, fourth time in distilled liquor, fifth time in magnolia flower juice, sixth time in pokeweed root juice, seventh time in red vinegar.
Auxiliary Ingredients: Tong You (Vernicia Fordii Oil) (3 jin); Chuan Wu (Radix Aconiti Kusnezoffii), Cao Wu (Radix Aconiti Karakolicum), Cang Zhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Chinensis), Guan Gui (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae), Gan Jiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens), Bai Jie Zi (Semen Sinapis Albae), Bi Ma (Semen Ricini) (each 4 liang above); Xue Yu (Corpus Humanis Combustum) (8 liang).
Preparation: Combine the eight herbs in Tong You, boil until herbs are charred and hair dissolves, drop forms beads. Filter dregs, melt 4 liang of Niu Pi Gao (Ox Hide Plaster), slowly add the processed Song Xiang to finish the plaster. Off fire, add 1 liang of Zhang Nao (Borneolum Naturalis) and 3 qian of She Xiang (Moschus). Spread on thick paper and apply to the affected area for miraculous effect.
Hu Gu Mu Tong Tang (Tiger Bone and Tetrapanax Decoction) (from *Zhong Fu Tang*): Treats all numbness and Bi syndromes, gout, and Li Jie (joint pain).
Ingredients: Hu Gu (Os Tigris), Mu Tong (Caulis Akebiae) in equal parts.
Usage: Decoct in water, drink frequently and abundantly for recovery.
Hong Hua Bai Zhi Fang Feng Yin (Carthamus, Angelica Dahurica, and Saposhnikovia Drink) (from *Zhong Fu Tang*): Treats Li Jie pain in the four limbs.
Ingredients: Hong Hua (Flos Carthami), Bai Zhi (Radix Angelicae Dahuricae), Fang Feng (Radix Saposhnikoviae) (each 5 qian); Wei Ling Xian (Radix Clematidis Chinensis) (3 qian).
Usage: Decoct in wine, take the juice. Three doses result in complete cure.
Shan Jia Bai Wei Ze Lan Yin (Turtle Shell, Cortices Cynanchi Atrati, and Lycopodium Drink) (from *Zhong Fu Tang*): Treats Jian Feng (commonly known as Ghost Arrow Strike), or pain in the head, neck, hands, feet, tendons, and bones, hemiplegia, etc. One dose according to the prescription brings immediate cure.
Ingredients: Shan Jia (Scuta Testudinis et Carapax Trionycis) (1 qian, crushed and stir-fried), Bai Wei (Radix Cynanchi Atrati) (2 qian), Ze Lan (Herba Lycoperidi) (3 qian).
Usage: Decoct in good wine according to dosage.
Liu Huang Fu Tong Gao (Sulfur Plaster for Pain) (from *Zhong Fu Tang*): Treats gout, Li Jie, and limb pain.
Usage: Grind Liu Huang (Sulfur) with vinegar and apply topically, or crush Cong Bai (White Part of Scallion), heat it, and apply as a hot compress.