〔《山》〕治伤寒坏症，独参汤。
好人参一两，煎服。
〔海〕阳症大汗大下后，亡阳于外，亡血于内，上而津脱，下而液脱，津液两亡，宜以羊肉汤补之。矧阴
症者，岂可不温补哉。此与伤寒太阳症振摇，与真武汤一例。外之阳病至此尚温，况内之阴候岂得不补耶。
〔韩〕产脱血虚者，宜用羊肉汤。伤寒汗下太过，亡阳失血，若只用救逆，效必迟矣，与羊肉汤，为效神速。
病患面色虽见阳，是客热上焦，中下二焦阴气已盛，若调得下焦有阳，则上焦阳气下降丹田，知所归宿矣。
夫气有高下，病有远近，证有中外，治有轻重，各适其至所为。故病八九日汗下太过，二脉沉细无力，多蜷
足卧，恶听人声，皮有粟，时战如疟，宜羊肉汤主之。
当归 白芍药（各一两） 黑附子（炮，去皮脐，四钱） 龙骨（烧通赤，半两） 生姜（二两） 牡蛎（烧赤，
一两） 桂枝（七钱半）
上为粗末，每服一两，羊肉四两，葱白五寸，去黄心，同锉烂，以水五升（一升，今之，一大盏也）
熬至一半以来，滤绞去渣，分三服服之。
〔成〕战者，身为之战摇也。栗者，心战是也。战之与栗，战外而栗内也。又云∶战为正与邪争，则鼓栗
而战；振但虚而不至争，故心耸动而振也。战之与振，振轻而战重也。
伤寒若吐若下后，心下逆满，气上冲胸，起则头眩，脉沉紧，发汗则动经，身为振振摇者，宜茯苓桂枝白术甘草
汤
茯苓（二两） 桂枝（一两半） 白术 甘草（各一两）
上 咀，每服五钱，水一盏半，煎八分，去渣温服。
太阳病发汗，汗出不解，其人仍发热，心下悸，头眩，身 动，振振欲擗地者，真武汤主之。（方见少
阴附下利。）
〔孙〕太乙宫道士周德真患伤寒，发汗出多，惊悸目眩，身战掉欲倒地。众医有欲发汗者，有作风治者，
有用冷药解者，病皆不除。召孙至，曰∶太阳经病得汗早，欲解不解者，因太阳经欲解，复作汗，肾气不足，
汗不来，所以心悸目眩身转。遂作真武汤服之，三服微汗自出，遂解。盖真武汤附子、白术和其肾气，肾气得
行，故汗得来也。若但责太阳者，惟能干涸血液尔。仲景云∶尺脉不足，荣气不足，不可以汗。以此知肾气怯
则难得汗也明矣。许学士云∶乡里有一姓高者子，年三十，初得病，身微汗，脉弱恶风，医以麻黄药与之，汗
遂不止，发热，心多惊悸，夜不得眠，谵语不识人，筋惕肉 ，振振动摇，医又进镇心药。予曰∶强汗之过也。
仲景云∶脉微汗出恶风，不可服青龙汤，服之则筋惕肉 ，此为逆也，惟真武汤可救。进此三服，佐以清心竹
叶汤，数日遂愈。（清心竹叶汤未考。）
下后复发汗，必振寒脉微细，所以然者，以内外俱虚故也。亡血家，不可发汗，发汗则寒栗而振。太阳病，
火熨其背，大汗出，火热入胃，发谵语，十余日振栗，自下利者，此为解也。（论见谵语。）
脉浮紧，按之芤，当战而汗出解。脉芤为虚，是以发战，脉浮为在表，故当汗出解也。（论见大法。）太
阳病，脉阴阳俱停等，必战栗汗出而解。（论见发热。）凡柴胡症下之，若柴胡症不罢者，复与柴胡汤，必蒸蒸
而振，发热汗出而解。（论见往来寒热。）脉浮而迟，面热赤而战惕者，当汗出解也。反发热者，脉迟不能作汗，
其身必痒也。（论见面赤。）
诸乘寒者，则为厥，郁冒不仁，口急不能言，战而栗也。阴中于邪，必内栗也。表气微虚，里气不守，故
邪中于阴也。
【山田氏】治疗伤寒坏证，使用独参汤。
取好人参一两，煎煮后服用。
【海藏氏】阳证在大汗、大下之后，阳气外亡，阴血内耗，上则津液脱失，下则精髓枯竭，津液两伤，适宜用羊肉汤来补益。况且是阴证患者，难道可以不进行温补吗？这与伤寒太阳病出现的振摇症状，使用真武汤的道理是一样的。体表的阳病到了这种程度尚且需要温补，何况体内的阴寒证候岂能不补呢？
【韩祗和】产后失血导致血虚者，适宜使用羊肉汤。伤寒因发汗、攻下太过，导致亡阳失血，如果只用救逆的方法，疗效必然迟缓；若给予羊肉汤，疗效神速。
病患面色虽然看似有阳热表现，但这只是客热停留于上焦，中焦和下焦的阴气已经旺盛。若能调理使下焦产生阳气，那么上焦的阳气就能下降归于丹田，知道其归宿所在了。
气的运行有高下之分，病的部位有远近之别，证候有表里之异，治疗有轻重之度，各需适应病情的具体需求。所以患病八九日，因发汗、攻下太过，导致双侧脉象沉细无力，多蜷缩足部卧睡，厌恶听到人声，皮肤起粟粒状鸡皮疙瘩，时常战栗如同疟疾发作，适宜用羊肉汤主治。
当归、白芍药（各一两）、黑附子（炮制，去皮脐，四钱）、龙骨（烧至通红，半两）、生姜（二两）、牡蛎（烧至通红，一两）、桂枝（七钱半）。
以上药物研为粗末，每次服用一两，配合羊肉四两、葱白五寸（去掉黄心），一同切碎烂，用水五升（一升即现在的一大盏）熬煮至一半左右，过滤绞汁去渣，分三次服用。
【成无己】战，是指身体战摇。栗，是指内心战栗恐惧。战与栗的区别在于，战是外在的表现，栗是内在的感受。又说：战是因为正气与邪气相争，所以鼓动战栗而发抖；振仅仅是因为虚弱而不至于正邪相争，所以心脏耸动而震颤。战与振相比，振较轻，而战较重。
伤寒经过吐法或下法治疗后，出现心下逆满，气上冲胸，起身时头晕目眩，脉象沉紧，若再发汗则会扰动经络，导致身体震颤摇晃，适宜用茯苓桂枝白术甘草汤。
茯苓（二两）、桂枝（一两半）、白术、甘草（各一两）。
以上药物切碎，每次服用五钱，加水一盏半，煎至八分，去渣温服。
太阳病发汗后，汗出而病不解，病人仍然发热，心慌心悸，头晕目眩，身体肌肉跳动，震颤得想要倒地，用真武汤主治。（方剂见少阴篇附下利部分。）
【孙思邈】太乙宫道士周德真患伤寒，发汗过多，出现惊悸、目眩，身体战栗抖动想要倒地。众医生有的想再次发汗，有的按风证治疗，有的用冷药解表，病都不愈。召请孙思邈诊治，他说：这是太阳经病发汗过早，欲解而未解，因为太阳经欲解时又作汗，但肾气不足，汗源不来，所以出现心悸、目眩、身体转动。于是制作真武汤让他服用，服三剂后微微出汗，病遂解除。这是因为真武汤中的附子、白术能调和肾气，肾气得以运行，所以汗才能出来。如果只责求太阳经，只会干涸血液罢了。张仲景说：尺脉不足，营气不足，不可以发汗。由此可知肾气怯弱则难以出汗是很明显的道理。许学士说：乡里有一个姓高的人的儿子，三十岁，初得病时身体微汗，脉弱恶风，医生用麻黄药给他，汗便不止，发热，心中多惊悸，夜间不能入睡，胡言乱语不认识人，筋惕肉瞤，振振动摇，医生又进镇心安神的药。我说：这是强行发汗造成的过错。张仲景说：脉微汗出恶风，不可服青龙汤，服之则筋惕肉瞤，此为逆证，只有真武汤可以救治。进服此药三剂，佐以清心竹叶汤，数日后痊愈。（清心竹叶汤未考证。）
攻下后又复发汗，必定出现畏寒战栗、脉微细，之所以这样，是因为内外都虚的缘故。亡血家（失血患者），不可发汗，发汗则会出现寒栗而振。太阳病，用火熨背部，大汗出，火热入胃，引发谵语，十余日后出现振栗，自下利的，这是病将解除的表现。（论述见谵语篇。）
脉浮紧，按之芤（中空），应当战栗后汗出而解。脉芤为虚，所以发生战栗，脉浮表示病在表，所以应当汗出而解。（论述见大法篇。）太阳病，脉阴阳俱停等，必定战栗汗出而解。（论述见发热篇。）凡是柴胡证误用下法，若柴胡证不罢者，再给予柴胡汤，必定出现蒸蒸而振，发热汗出而解。（论述见往来寒热篇。）脉浮而迟，面赤热而战惕者，应当汗出而解。反而发热者，脉迟不能作汗，其身必痒。（论述见面赤篇。）
各种受寒邪侵袭的，就会发生厥逆，郁冒不知痛痒，口急不能言语，战栗发抖。阴分受到邪气侵袭，必定在内里战栗。因为表气微弱虚弱，里气不能固守，所以邪气侵入阴分。
[Shan Tian Shi] For treating complicated conditions of Cold Damage (Shanghan), use Single Ginseng Decoction (Dushen Tang).
Take high-quality Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) 1 liang, decoct and administer.
[Hai Zang Shi] After excessive sweating or purgation in Yang syndromes, Yang Qi is lost externally, and Blood is depleted internally. Upper depletion of Jin Ye (Body Fluids) and lower depletion of Ye (Essence/Fluids) result in the exhaustion of both fluids; it is appropriate to tonify with Mutton Soup. How much more so for Yin syndrome patients, who certainly require warming and tonification? This is analogous to the tremulousness seen in Taiyang syndrome of Cold Damage, treated with Zhen Wu Tang (True Warrior Decoction). If external Yang pathology reaches this state and still requires warming, how much more necessary is tonification for internal Yin cold patterns?
[Han Zhihe] For postpartum blood loss leading to Blood deficiency, Mutton Soup is appropriate. In Cold Damage, if sweating and purgation are excessive, leading to loss of Yang and Blood, relying solely on methods to rescue deviation will yield slow results; administering Mutton Soup yields miraculous speed.
Although the patient's complexion may appear Yang-warm, this is merely transient heat lingering in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), while Yin Qi is already abundant in the Middle and Lower Jiaos. If the Lower Jiao can be regulated to generate Yang Qi, then the Yang Qi of the Upper Jiao will descend into the Dantian, finding its proper residence.
Qi has its levels of ascent and descent; disease has its distances; symptoms have their interior and exterior locations; treatments have their degrees of severity. Each must suit the specific situation. Therefore, after eight or nine days of illness, due to excessive sweating and purgation, resulting in deep, thin, and forceless pulses in both wrists, a tendency to curl the feet while lying down, aversion to hearing human voices, skin with gooseflesh, and frequent chills resembling malaria, Mutton Soup should be the primary treatment.
Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Bai Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (each 1 liang); Hei Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, blackened Aconite Root, prepared, peel and umbilicus removed, 4 qian); Long Gu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi, fossilized mammal bone, calcined until red hot, 0.5 liang); Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, fresh Ginger, 2 liang); Mu Li (Concha Ostreae, oyster shell, calcined until red hot, 1 liang); Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, Cinnamon Twig, 7.5 qian).
Grind the above herbs into coarse powder. For each dose, take 1 liang of the powder, combined with 4 liang of mutton meat and 5 cun of Cong Bai (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus, scallion white, remove yellow heart). Chop finely together. Add 5 sheng of water (1 sheng equals one large cup today). Boil until reduced by half. Strain and squeeze out the juice, discarding the dregs. Divide into three doses for administration.
[Cheng Wuji] "Zhan" (shivering/trembling) refers to the shaking of the body. "Li" (trepidation/fear) refers to the trembling of the mind/heart. The difference between Zhan and Li is that Zhan is external, while Li is internal. It is also said: Zhan occurs when righteous Qi contends with pathogenic factors, causing drumming-like trembling; Zhen (vibration/shaking) occurs merely due to deficiency without contention, causing the heart to startle and shake. Compared to Zhan, Zhen is mild, while Zhan is severe.
After vomiting or purgation in Cold Damage, if there is fullness and rebellious Qi rising from the epigastrium, Qi rushing up to the chest, dizziness upon standing, and a deep, tight pulse, further sweating will disturb the collaterals, causing the body to tremble and shake; Ling Fu Gui Zhi Bai Zhu Gan Cao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Atractylodes Macrocephala, and Licorice Decoction) is indicated.
Fu Ling (Poria, 2 liang); Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 1.5 liang); Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 1 liang); Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 liang).
Cut the herbs. For each dose, take 5 qian, add 1.5 cups of water, decoct to 0.8 cups, strain, and take warm.
In Taiyang syndrome, if sweating fails to resolve the condition, and the patient still has fever, palpitations, dizziness, muscle twitching, and feels as though they want to fall to the ground due to severe trembling, Zhen Wu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) is the primary treatment. (Formula see below under Shaoyin diarrhea.)
[Sun Simiao] Zhou Dezhen, a Daoist priest at Taiyi Palace, suffered from Cold Damage. Excessive sweating led to palpitations, dizziness, and body tremors threatening to make him fall. Various physicians attempted further sweating, wind-dispelling treatments, or cold-clearing drugs, but the illness persisted. Sun Simiao was summoned and stated: This is a Taiyang channel disease where sweating was induced too early. The desire for resolution exists, but because Kidney Qi is insufficient, sweat cannot be generated. Hence, palpitations, dizziness, and body turning occur. He prescribed Zhen Wu Tang. After three doses, slight sweating occurred naturally, and the illness resolved. This is because Zhen Wu Tang’s Fu Zi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) and Bai Zhu harmonize Kidney Qi; once Kidney Qi moves, sweat can be produced. If one only focuses on the Taiyang channel, it will only dry up the blood and fluids. Zhang Zhongjing said: If the Chi (cun-kou) pulse is deficient and Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) is insufficient, sweating is contraindicated. Thus, it is clear that weak Kidney Qi makes sweating difficult. Xu Xueshi said: There was a thirty-year-old son of a Gao family member in my hometown. Initially ill with slight sweating, weak pulse, and aversion to wind, a physician administered Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) drugs. Sweating became uncontrollable, accompanied by fever, frequent palpitations, insomnia, delirium, inability to recognize people, Jin Ti Rou Dun (muscle twitching and fasciculation), and violent trembling. Another physician administered heart-calming drugs. I said: This is an error caused by forced sweating. Zhang Zhongjing said: With a faint pulse, sweating, and aversion to wind, Qing Long Tang (Green Dragon Decoction) is contraindicated; administering it causes Jin Ti Rou Dun, which is adverse. Only Zhen Wu Tang can rescue this. Administering this medicine three times, assisted by Qing Xin Zhu Ye Tang (Clear Heart Bamboo Leaf Decoction), resulted in recovery within several days. (Qing Xin Zhu Ye Tang could not be verified.)
Following purgation and then inducing sweating again inevitably leads to chills and trembling with a faint, thin pulse. This is because both the interior and exterior are deficient. Patients with chronic blood loss should not undergo sweating therapy; doing so causes cold tremors and shaking. In Taiyang syndrome, if the back is scorched with fire, causing excessive sweating, and the fire-heat enters the Stomach leading to delirium, followed by chills and spontaneous diarrhea after ten or twelve days, this indicates the disease is resolving. (Discussion see Delirium chapter.)
If the pulse is floating and tight, but hollow (Kou) upon pressure, the patient should experience trembling followed by sweating and resolution. A Kou pulse indicates deficiency, hence the trembling; a floating pulse indicates the pathogen is in the exterior, hence resolution through sweating. (Discussion see General Principles chapter.) In Taiyang syndrome, when pulses in both positions cease or become equal, the patient will likely experience trembling, sweating, and resolution. (Discussion see Fever chapter.) In all cases of Chai Hu (Bupleurum) syndrome where purgation was mistakenly used, if the Chai Hu syndrome persists, administering Chai Hu Tang again will cause a feeling of warmth rising from within followed by trembling, then fever, sweating, and resolution. (Discussion see Alternating Chills and Fever chapter.) If the pulse is floating and slow, with facial heat/redness and trembling/trepidation, resolution should come through sweating. If there is instead fever, the slow pulse prevents sweating, and the body will likely itch. (Discussion see Red Face chapter.)
For all conditions invaded by Cold pathogens, Jue (Cold Reversal) occurs, along with depression, vertigo, numbness, oral tension, inability to speak, and trembling with cold fear. When Yin aspects are invaded by pathogens, internal trembling necessarily occurs. This is because the exterior Qi is slightly deficient, and the interior Qi fails to hold fast, allowing pathogens to enter the Yin.