（温病者，春月之温，病而不热也）
〔田〕春日温病，未满三日，先用惺惺散二服。后四五日不解，烦渴呕，用白术散。如自汗口燥，用制白
虎汤。至六七日，大便燥结，用四顺饮子下，心腹大实大满，牛黄通膈丸下。初觉之时，疑是疮疹，只用葛根
升麻汤解肌。
治中风自汗，用桂枝汤；治伤寒无汗，用麻黄汤。此仲景表散之法，百世不易者也。若元气暴亏者，以参、
与桂枝、麻黄等药表散，此丹溪补仲景之法，亦百世不易者也。至于韩祗和戒桂枝而以中风伤寒通作一法治
之者，此当时之权变，非百世之常行也。王海藏云∶仲景用桂枝，当汉之末也，韩祗和戒桂枝，当宋之隆也，
时世之异，不可不知。今编祗和之法于篇末，以广后学之见云。
伤寒病有可汗者，论中但统言其可汗症及可汗脉。或云脉浮而数，或云脉浮紧，或云脉浮无汗而喘，或云
脉浮为在表，今略举数条，后人但凭其脉之大概，并不分脉浮有阴阳虚盛之理，又不知有可汗不可汗之症，误
投发表药，则多变成阳毒之患矣。今举病患有汗恶风、无汗恶寒分二等，及据立春以后，立秋以前，气候轻重，
各立方治之，庶学人易为开悟耳。
病患二三月以前，两手脉浮数或缓或紧，按之差软，寸关尺若力齐等，其力不甚大、不甚小者，亦未可便
投解表药，此是见里证未见表脉也。宜候寸脉力小如关尺，即可投解表药。大抵治伤寒病，见证不见脉，未可
投药；见脉未见证，虽少投药亦无害也。凡治杂病，以症为先，脉为后；治伤寒病，以脉为先，证为后。
病患两手脉浮数而紧，名曰伤寒。若关前寸脉力小，关后尺脉力大，虽不恶风，不自汗出，此乃阴气已盛，
先见于脉也。若不投药和之，后必恶风及自汗出。若立春以后，至清明以前，宜调脉汤主之。清明以后至芒种
以前，宜葛根柴胡汤主之。芒种以后，至立秋以前，宜人参桔梗汤主之。
调脉汤
葛根（一两） 防风 前胡（去苗，三分） 甘草（炙，半两）
上为粗末，每服二钱，水一盏，生姜一块如小指大，劈破，煎至七分，去渣温服。如寸脉根据前力小，加枣
三个同煎。
葛根柴胡汤
葛根（一两半） 柴胡（去芦，一两） 芍药 桔梗 甘草（炙。各三分）
上 咀，每服二钱，水一盏，生姜二片，煎至七分，去渣热服。如寸脉根据前力小，加葱白三寸，同煎服。
人参桔梗汤
人参 桔梗（各三分） 麻黄（去节，一两） 石膏（三两） 甘草（炙，三分）
上每服二钱，水一盏，荆芥五穗，煎至七分，去渣热服。如寸脉根据前力小，加麻黄二分，去节，同煎服。
病患两手脉浮数而缓，名曰中风。若寸脉力小，尺脉力大，虽不恶风，不自汗，此乃阴气已盛，先见于脉，
若不投药和之，后必恶风自汗出。若立春以后，清明以前，宜薄荷汤主之。清明以后，芒种以前，宜防风汤主
之。芒种以后，至立秋以前，宜香芎汤主之。
薄荷汤
薄荷（一两） 葛根（半两） 人参（二分） 甘草（炙，半两） 防风（去芦，一两）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏煎至七分，去渣热服。如三五服寸脉力尚小，加薄荷二分同煎。
防风汤
防风（去芦，一两） 桔梗（三钱） 甘草（半两，炙） 旋复花（半两） 浓朴（三分）
上 咀，每服三钱，水二盏，姜一块，同煎热服。如三五服寸脉力尚小，加荆芥五七穗同煎。
香芎汤
川芎（一分） 石膏（二两） 升麻（三两） 甘草（炙，半两） 浓朴（制，半两）
上 咀，每服二钱，水二盏，煎七分，温服。如三五服后，寸脉力尚小，加细辛二分同煎。
前二段文，将中风、伤寒各立法者何？盖谓病患始得病三日以前，或因中风脉缓，或因伤寒
脉紧，然脉虽先见而症犹未见，尚可以药解之，故立方耳。
病患两手脉浮数，或紧缓，寸脉短，反力小于关尺脉者，此名阴盛阳虚也。若自汗出，恶风，
是邪气在表，阴气有余也。《素问》云∶阴气有余，为多汗身寒。即可投消阴助阳表剂以治之。若立春
以后，清明以前，宜六物麻黄汤主之。清明以后，芒种以前，宜七物柴胡汤主之。芒种以后，立秋以
前，宜发表汤主之。
六物麻黄汤
麻黄（去节，一两） 葛根（七钱半） 人参（五钱） 甘草（炙，五钱） 苍术（七钱半）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏，枣二枚，煎七分，热服。如三五服后汗未止，恶风者，加荆芥
三分。三五服后不恶风犹汗者，加丁香皮半两。（一方又加荆芥七钱。）
七物柴胡汤
柴胡（二两） 苍术 荆芥 麻黄（各一两） 甘草（炙，七钱）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏，姜一块，枣二枚，同煎七分，热服。如三五服后汗未止，恶风者，入葱白三
寸。如三五服后汗未止者，加当归一两，同煎。
发表汤
麻黄（去节，一两） 苍术（二两） 人参 当归（各半两） 甘草（炙，三分） 丁香皮（三分）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏，入姜一块，枣三枚，同煎至七分，去渣热服。如三五服汗未止犹恶风者，加
桂枝三分。如汗未止，更加细辛半两，以汗止为度。
病患脉浮数，或紧，或缓，其脉上出鱼际，寸脉大于关尺者，此名阳盛阴虚也。若发冒闷、口燥咽干者，
乃是邪气在表，阳气独有余也。《素问》曰∶阳气有余，为身热无汗是也。可投消阳助阴药以解表。若立春后，
至清明以前，宜人参汤主之。清明以后，至芒种以前，宜前胡汤主之。芒种以后，至立秋以前，宜石膏汤主之。
人参汤
人参（半两） 芍药（三分） 石膏（二两） 柴胡 甘草（炙，三分）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏，姜一块，煎七分，热服。如三五服后热不解者，入豉三十粒，同煎服。
前胡汤方缺，宜寻祗和方补之。（《伤寒便览》有前胡汤方，用石膏一两，前胡半两，竹茹、黄芩、
知母、山栀、大青各三两，姜、葱煎服，疑即是此。）
石膏汤
石膏（三两） 芍药（一两） 升麻（三分） 黄芩（三分） 柴胡（一两） 甘草（炙，三分）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏半，豆一合，煎八分，热服。如三五服后热未解者，加知母一两；又未解，加大
黄一两。
病患两手脉浮数或紧或缓，三部俱有力，无汗恶风者，此是阴阳气俱有余。《素问》曰∶阴阳有余，则无汗
而寒是也。可用药平之。若立春以后，至清明以前，宜解肌汤主之。清明以后，至芒种以前，宜芍药汤主之。
芒种以后，至立秋以前，宜知母汤主之。
解肌汤
石膏（二两） 麻黄（去节，三分） 甘草（炙） 升麻（各半两）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏，入豉半合，煎至八分，去渣热服。如三五服后犹恶风者，加麻黄半
两，石膏一两。
芍药汤
甘草（炙，半两） 芍药（一两） 石膏（三两） 荆芥穗（一两）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏，生姜一块，煎至七分，去渣热服。如三五服后犹恶风者，每服加生姜一块，
同煎服。
知母汤
知母 石膏 麻黄 升麻（各一两） 甘草（炙，半两）
上 咀，每服三钱，水一盏，入生姜一块，同煎至七分，去渣温服。如三五服后犹恶风者，加麻黄半两，
升麻半两。
前三段文，将中风、伤寒一法治者，因病患始得病，后脉症俱见，若投解剂，必不能愈，故立前方同法
治之。
仲景云∶伤寒为病，脉缓者，名中风，脉紧者，名伤寒。今分此二端何也？始因冬，寒毒之气中人，其内
伏之阳，沉潜于骨髓之内，每至春夏发时，或因外伤寒而引内邪出，或因外伤风而引内邪出，及乎内邪既出，
而为病一也。古人云立此二端，恐后人疑其紧脉与缓脉治别也。若中风与伤寒脉异何故？仲景无别法治之，此
乃后人不究仲景之心也。病患始得病，一二日至五六日，尚有表脉及表症，亦可根据脉症投药。凡投解表及发表
药，每一日可饮三服，病症甚，可至五服外，不可顿服药也。如症未解，次日根据前再投。如症根据前未解，可作
热粥投之，粥内加葱白亦可。如有汗出，勿浓衣盖覆，恐汗出太过，作亡阳症也。
海藏云∶韩氏《微旨·可汗》一篇，有和解因时法。言伤寒之脉，头小尾大，伤风之脉，头大尾小，李思
训《保命新书》亦分尺寸，与仲景同之，非若前人总言尺寸脉俱浮而紧，尺寸脉俱浮而缓，紧则为伤寒无汗，
缓则为伤风自汗。又有伤寒有汗者，伤风无汗者，脉亦互差，与症不同，前人已尽之矣。惟韩、李所言头小尾
大即为伤寒，尾小头大即为伤风，人病间有脉症未显于尺寸者，故韩、李述为和解因时法也。又恐后人疑其不
与前圣合，遂于本方内又立加减法数条，亦不越前人之意，何其当哉！盖二公者，当宋全盛之时，故又戒麻黄、
桂枝不可轻用，改用石膏、升麻、葛根、柴胡之平剂，当时则可，非百代常行之道，时世迁移之法也。可汗一
篇，若随汤液、随症应见，自有定规，虽明哲不可逾也。
又寸口脉小，饮冷与雾露所伤，同作中焦治。今韩、李云伤寒寸小者，勿认与饮冷雾露同伤一体也。饮冷
雾露所伤，寸口举按全无，是阴气在胃不和，阳气不能升越也。伤寒寸口小者，只于关部下至膀胱本部见之，
寸口虽小，只是举之微小，沉得之有也，非若饮冷举按全无也。若果寸口举按全无，即不可解表，只宜温中，
不可不知。
（温病，是指春季感受温热之邪，发病但尚未出现高热症状的疾病。）
田氏认为：春季发生的温病，病程未满三天时，先用惺惺散服用两剂。若四五日后病情未解，出现烦躁、口渴、呕吐等症状，使用白术散。如果患者自汗且口燥，使用制白虎汤。到了六七日，大便干燥结滞，用四顺饮子攻下；若心腹部胀满坚实严重，用牛黄通膈丸攻下。初起感觉不适时，若怀疑是疮疹，仅用葛根升麻汤来解除肌表之邪。
治疗中风伴有自汗的，用桂枝汤；治疗伤寒无汗的，用麻黄汤。这是张仲景解除表邪的方法，是千秋万代不可改变的原则。如果元气突然亏损的人，用人参配合桂枝、麻黄等药物来解除表邪，这是朱丹溪补充完善张仲景方法的做法，也是千秋万代不可改变的原则。至于韩祗和告诫不要使用桂枝，并将中风和伤寒统一用一种方法治疗的观点，这是当时的权宜之计，并非千秋万代的常规做法。王海藏说：张仲景使用桂枝，是在汉朝末年；韩祗和告诫慎用桂枝，是在宋朝兴盛时期，时代不同，不可不知。现在我将韩祗和的方法编排在篇章末尾，以拓宽后学者的见识。
伤寒病中有可以通过发汗治疗的，医论中只是笼统地论述了可以发汗的症状及脉象。有的说脉浮而数，有的说脉浮紧，有的说脉浮而无汗且喘，有的说脉浮表示病在表。现在略举几条，后人只凭脉象的大致情况，并不分辨脉浮有阴阳虚实盛衰的道理，又不知道哪些症状可汗、哪些不可汗，误投发表药，大多会转变为阳毒的祸患。现在列举病患有汗恶风、无汗恶寒分为两个等级，并根据立春以后、立秋以前气候的轻重，分别制定方剂治疗，希望学习者容易领悟。
病患在二三月之前，两手脉象浮数或缓或紧，重按则显得软弱，寸、关、尺三部脉力均衡相等，脉力不太大也不太小的，也不可立即投用解表药，这是因为只见里证而未见到表脉。应当等待寸脉力量变小，小于关、尺脉时，才可投用解表药。大抵治疗伤寒病，只见症状不见脉象，不可用药；只见脉象不见症状，即使少量用药也无害。凡是治疗杂病，以症状为先，脉象为后；治疗伤寒病，以脉象为先，症状为后。
病患两手脉象浮数而紧，称为伤寒。如果关前寸脉力量小，关后尺脉力量大，虽然不恶风，不出汗，这是阴气已经旺盛，先在脉象上表现出来。如果不投药调和，后来必定会出现恶风和自汗出。若在立春以后，至清明以前，宜用调脉汤主治。清明以后至芒种以前，宜用葛根柴胡汤主治。芒种以后，至立秋以前，宜用人参桔梗汤主治。
调脉汤
葛根（一两） 防风 前胡（去苗，三分） 甘草（炙，半两）
以上药材捣成粗末，每次服用二钱，加水一盏，生姜一块如小指大小，劈破，煎煮至七分，去渣温服。如果寸脉像前面所说的那样力量小，加枣三个同煎。
葛根柴胡汤
葛根（一两半） 柴胡（去芦，一两） 芍药 桔梗 甘草（炙，各三分）
以上药材切碎，每次服用二钱，加水一盏，生姜两片，煎煮至七分，去渣热服。如果寸脉像前面所说的那样力量小，加葱白三寸，同煎服。
人参桔梗汤
人参 桔梗（各三分） 麻黄（去节，一两） 石膏（三两） 甘草（炙，三分）
以上每次服用二钱，加水一盏，荆芥五穗，煎煮至七分，去渣热服。如果寸脉像前面所说的那样力量小，加麻黄二分，去节，同煎服。
病患两手脉象浮数而缓，称为中风。如果寸脉力量小，尺脉力量大，虽然不恶风，不出汗，这是阴气已经旺盛，先在脉象上表现出来，如果不投药调和，后来必定恶风自汗出。若在立春以后，清明以前，宜用薄荷汤主治。清明以后，芒种以前，宜用防风汤主治。芒种以后，至立秋以前，宜用香芎汤主治。
薄荷汤
薄荷（一两） 葛根（半两） 人参（二分） 甘草（炙，半两） 防风（去芦，一两）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏煎煮至七分，去渣热服。如果三五服后寸脉力量仍然小，加薄荷二分同煎。
防风汤
防风（去芦，一两） 桔梗（三钱） 甘草（半两，炙） 旋复花（半两） 浓朴（三分）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水二盏，姜一块，同煎热服。如果三五服后寸脉力量仍然小，加荆芥五七穗同煎。
香芎汤
川芎（一分） 石膏（二两） 升麻（三两） 甘草（炙，半两） 浓朴（制，半两）
以上药材切碎，每次服用二钱，加水二盏，煎煮至七分，温服。如果三五服后，寸脉力量仍然小，加细辛二分同煎。
前两段文字，将中风、伤寒分别立法的原因是什么？大概是因为病患刚得病三日以前，或因中风脉缓，或因伤寒脉紧，然而脉象虽然先显现而症状还未出现，尚可以用药物解除，所以制定方剂罢了。
病患两手脉象浮数，或紧或缓，寸脉短，反而力量小于关、尺脉的，这名叫阴盛阳虚。如果自汗出，恶风，是邪气在表，阴气有余。《素问》说：阴气有余，会导致多汗身寒。即可投用消阴助阳的表剂来治疗。若在立春以后，清明以前，宜用六物麻黄汤主治。清明以后，芒种以前，宜用七物柴胡汤主治。芒种以后，立秋以前，宜用发表汤主治。
六物麻黄汤
麻黄（去节，一两） 葛根（七钱半） 人参（五钱） 甘草（炙，五钱） 苍术（七钱半）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，枣二枚，煎煮至七分，热服。如果三五服后汗未止，恶风的，加荆芥三分。三五服后不恶风但仍出汗的，加丁香皮半两。（另一方案又加荆芥七钱。）
七物柴胡汤
柴胡（二两） 苍术 荆芥 麻黄（各一两） 甘草（炙，七钱）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，姜一块，枣二枚，同煎七分，热服。如果三五服后汗未止，恶风的，加入葱白三寸。如果三五服后汗未止的，加当归一两，同煎。
发表汤
麻黄（去节，一两） 苍术（二两） 人参 当归（各半两） 甘草（炙，三分） 丁香皮（三分）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，入姜一块，枣三枚，同煎至七分，去渣热服。如果三五服后汗未止仍恶风的，加桂枝三分。如果汗未止，再加细辛半两，以汗止为度。
病患脉象浮数，或紧，或缓，脉象向上出于鱼际，寸脉大于关、尺脉的，这名叫阳盛阴虚。如果出现头昏闷、口燥咽干的症状，乃是邪气在表，阳气独有余。《素问》说：阳气有余，表现为身热无汗，正是如此。可投用消阳助阴的药物来解表。若在立春后，至清明以前，宜用人参汤主治。清明以后，至芒种以前，宜用前胡汤主治。芒种以后，至立秋以前，宜用石膏汤主治。
人参汤
人参（半两） 芍药（三分） 石膏（二两） 柴胡 甘草（炙，三分）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，姜一块，煎煮至七分，热服。如果三五服后热不退的，加入豆豉三十粒，同煎服。
前胡汤方缺失，应寻找韩祗和的方剂补全。（《伤寒便览》中有前胡汤方，用石膏一两，前胡半两，竹茹、黄芩、知母、山栀、大青各三两，姜、葱煎服，怀疑就是此方。）
石膏汤
石膏（三两） 芍药（一两） 升麻（三分） 黄芩（三分） 柴胡（一两） 甘草（炙，三分）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏半，豆一合，煎煮至八分，热服。如果三五服后热未解的，加知母一两；仍未解的，加大黄一两。
病患两手脉象浮数或紧或缓，三部脉都有力，无汗恶风的，这是阴阳之气都有余。《素问》说：阴阳有余，则无汗而寒，正是如此。可用药物平抑它。若在立春以后，至清明以前，宜用解肌汤主治。清明以后，至芒种以前，宜用芍药汤主治。芒种以后，至立秋以前，宜用知母汤主治。
解肌汤
石膏（二两） 麻黄（去节，三分） 甘草（炙） 升麻（各半两）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，入豆豉半合，煎煮至八分，去渣热服。如果三五服后仍恶风的，加麻黄半两，石膏一两。
芍药汤
甘草（炙，半两） 芍药（一两） 石膏（三两） 荆芥穗（一两）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，生姜一块，煎煮至七分，去渣热服。如果三五服后仍恶风的，每服加生姜一块，同煎服。
知母汤
知母 石膏 麻黄 升麻（各一两） 甘草（炙，半两）
以上药材切碎，每次服用三钱，加水一盏，入生姜一块，同煎至七分，去渣温服。如果三五服后仍恶风的，加麻黄半两，升麻半两。
前三段文字，将中风、伤寒统一用一种方法治疗的原因，是因为病患刚开始得病，后来脉象和症状都出现了，如果投用解表剂，必定不能痊愈，所以制定前方用同一方法治疗。
张仲景说：伤寒作为疾病，脉缓的，名叫中风，脉紧的，名叫伤寒。现在区分这两端的原因是什么？起初因为冬季，寒毒之气侵入人体，其内伏的阳气，沉潜于骨髓之内，每到春夏发作时，或因外伤寒而引出内邪出来，或因外伤风而引出内邪出来，等到内邪既已出来，所形成的病是一样的。古人设立这两个分类，是担心后人疑惑紧脉与缓脉的治疗有别。如果中风与伤寒脉象不同为何不用不同方法治疗？张仲景没有用不同的方法治疗，这是后人没有探究张仲景的本意。病患刚开始得病，一二日至五六日，还有表脉及表症，也可以根据脉症投药。凡是投用解表及发表药，每天可饮用三服，病症严重的，可至五服以外，不可一次性服药。如果症状未解，第二天根据之前的方法再投药。如果症状根据之前的方法仍未解，可喝热粥辅助，粥内加葱白也可以。如果有汗出，不要用厚衣服覆盖，恐怕汗出太多，导致亡阳症。
王海藏说：韩氏《微旨·可汗》一篇，有和解因时法。说伤寒的脉象，头小尾大，伤风的脉象，头大尾小，李思训《保命新书》也区分尺寸脉，与张仲景相同，不像前人总说尺寸脉俱浮而紧，尺寸脉俱浮而缓，紧则为伤寒无汗，缓则为伤风自汗。又有伤寒有汗的，伤风无汗的，脉象也有差异，与症状不同，前人已经详尽论述了。只有韩、李所说的头小尾大即为伤寒，尾小头大即为伤风，人患病间有脉症未在尺寸脉上显明的，所以韩、李阐述为和解因时法。又担心后人疑惑这与前圣不合，于是在本方内又立加减法数条，也不超出前人的意思，多么恰当啊！大概这两位先生，处于宋朝全盛之时，所以又告诫麻黄、桂枝不可轻用，改用石膏、升麻、葛根、柴胡的平和方剂，当时可行，并非百代常行之道，是随时代迁移的方法。可汗一篇，若随汤液、随症应见，自有定规，即使是明智之人也不可逾越。
另外，寸口脉小，被冷饮与雾露所伤，一同作为中焦病治疗。现在韩、李说伤寒寸脉小的，不要认为与饮冷雾露所伤属于同一类。饮冷雾露所伤，寸口脉举按全无，是阴气在胃不和，阳气不能升越。伤寒寸口脉小的，只在关部下至膀胱本部见到，寸口脉虽小，只是轻取微小，重按是有脉的，不像饮冷那样举按全无。如果果真是寸口脉举按全无，就不可解表，只宜温中，不可不知。
(Wenbing [Warm Disease] refers to warmth pathogens contracted in spring, causing illness without high fever.)
Tian stated: For warm diseases occurring in spring, if the course is less than three days, administer two doses of Xingxing San first. If unresolved after four or five days, accompanied by irritability, thirst, and vomiting, use Baizhu San. If there is spontaneous sweating and dry mouth, use Zhi Baihu Tang. By the sixth or seventh day, if stool is dry and constipated, use Sishun Yinzi to purge; if the heart and abdomen are severely distended and full, use Niuhuang Tongge Wan to purge. At the initial stage, if suspected as sores or rashes, only use Gegen Shengma Tang to release the muscle layer.
For treating Wind-stroke with spontaneous sweating, use Guizhi Tang; for treating Cold Damage with no sweating, use Mahuang Tang. This is Zhang Zhongjing's method of releasing the exterior, a principle unchangeable for generations. For those with sudden deficiency of Yuanqi [Original Qi], using Ren Shen combined with Guizhi, Mahuang, etc., to release the exterior, this is Zhu Danxi's supplementation of Zhang Zhongjing's method, also unchangeable for generations. As for Han Zhihe's warning against using Guizhi and treating Wind-stroke and Cold Damage uniformly, this was a contingency of that time, not a standard practice for generations. Wang Haicang said: Zhang Zhongjing used Guizhi at the end of the Han Dynasty; Han Zhihe warned against Guizhi during the height of the Song Dynasty; times differ, one must know this. Now I compile Han Zhihe's methods at the end of the chapter to broaden the vision of later learners.
In Cold Damage, there are cases treatable by sweating. The discussions generally mention symptoms and pulses suitable for sweating. Some say pulse floating and rapid, some say pulse floating and tight, some say pulse floating with no sweating and wheezing, some say pulse floating indicates pathogen in the exterior. Now briefly listing a few, later learners rely only on the general appearance of the pulse, failing to distinguish the principles of yin/yang deficiency/excess in floating pulses, and unaware of which symptoms are suitable or unsuitable for sweating. Misusing exterior-releasing drugs often leads to Yang Du [Yang Toxin] complications. Now categorizing patients with sweating and aversion to wind, and no sweating and aversion to cold into two grades, and prescribing formulas based on climate severity from after Lichun [Start of Spring] to before Liqiu [Start of Autumn], hoping learners can easily comprehend.
Before the second or third month, if both hands show floating, rapid, slow, or tight pulses, soft upon deep pressure, with equal force in Cun, Guan, and Chi positions, neither too large nor too small, do not immediately administer exterior-releasing drugs. This indicates interior symptoms are present but exterior pulses are not yet visible. Wait until the Cun pulse becomes weaker than Guan and Chi before administering exterior-releasing drugs. Generally, in treating Cold Damage, if symptoms are seen but pulses are not, do not medicate; if pulses are seen but symptoms are not, slight medication is harmless. For miscellaneous diseases, prioritize symptoms over pulses; for Cold Damage, prioritize pulses over symptoms.
If both hands show floating, rapid, and tight pulses, it is named Cold Damage. If the Cun pulse (front) is weak and the Chi pulse (back) is strong, even without aversion to wind or sweating, this indicates Yin Qi [Yin Energy] is already abundant, manifesting first in the pulse. Without medication to harmonize, aversion to wind and spontaneous sweating will likely occur later. From after Lichun to before Qingming [Pure Brightness], Tiaomai Tang should be used. From after Qingming to before Mangzhong [Grain in Ear], Gegen Chaihu Tang should be used. From after Mangzhong to before Liqiu, Renshen Jiegeng Tang should be used.
Tiaomai Tang
Gegen (1 liang) Fangfeng Qianhu (remove seedlings, 3 fen) Gancao (roasted, 0.5 liang)
Crush into coarse powder. Take 2 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, ginger piece size of little finger, split, decoct to 7/10, strain, take warm. If Cun pulse is weak as described, add 3 jujubes and decoct together.
Gegen Chaihu Tang
Gegen (1.5 liang) Chaihu (remove rhizome, 1 liang) Shaoyao Jiegeng Gancao (roasted, 3 fen each)
Chop. Take 2 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, 2 slices ginger, decoct to 7/10, strain, take hot. If Cun pulse is weak as described, add 3 cun scallion white and decoct together.
Renshen Jiegeng Tang
Renshen Jiegeng (3 fen each) Mahuang (remove joints, 1 liang) Shigao (3 liang) Gancao (roasted, 3 fen)
Take 2 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, 5 spikes Jingjie, decoct to 7/10, strain, take hot. If Cun pulse is weak as described, add 2 fen Mahuang (remove joints) and decoct together.
If both hands show floating, rapid, and slow pulses, it is named Wind-stroke. If Cun pulse is weak and Chi pulse is strong, even without aversion to wind or sweating, this indicates Yin Qi is already abundant, manifesting first in the pulse. Without medication to harmonize, aversion to wind and spontaneous sweating will likely occur later. From after Lichun to before Qingming, Bohe Tang should be used. From after Qingming to before Mangzhong, Fangfeng Tang should be used. From after Mangzhong to before Liqiu, Xiangxiong Tang should be used.
Bohe Tang
Bohe (1 liang) Gegen (0.5 liang) Renshen (2 fen) Gancao (roasted, 0.5 liang) Fangfeng (remove rhizome, 1 liang)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, decoct to 7/10, strain, take hot. If after 3-5 doses Cun pulse remains weak, add 2 fen Bohe and decoct together.
Fangfeng Tang
Fangfeng (remove rhizome, 1 liang) Jiegeng (3 qian) Gancao (0.5 liang, roasted) Xuanjinhua (0.5 liang) Houpo (3 fen)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 2 zhan water, 1 piece ginger, decoct together, take hot. If after 3-5 doses Cun pulse remains weak, add 5-7 spikes Jingjie and decoct together.
Xiangxiong Tang
Chuanxiong (1 fen) Shigao (2 liang) Shengma (3 liang) Gancao (roasted, 0.5 liang) Houpo (processed, 0.5 liang)
Chop. Take 2 qian per dose, add 2 zhan water, decoct to 7/10, take warm. If after 3-5 doses Cun pulse remains weak, add 2 fen Xixin and decoct together.
Why were separate methods established for Wind-stroke and Cold Damage in the previous two sections? Because within three days of onset, whether due to Wind-stroke (slow pulse) or Cold Damage (tight pulse), although the pulse appears first, symptoms have not yet manifested, allowing for medicinal resolution, hence the formulation.
If both hands show floating, rapid, tight, or slow pulses, with short Cun pulse weaker than Guan and Chi, this is named Yin Excess and Yang Deficiency. If accompanied by spontaneous sweating and aversion to wind, it indicates pathogen in the exterior and excess Yin Qi. *Suwen* states: "Excess Yin leads to profuse sweating and body cold." One may administer exterior-releasing agents that eliminate Yin and assist Yang. From after Lichun to before Qingming, Liuwu Mahuang Tang should be used. From after Qingming to before Mangzhong, Qi Wu Chaihu Tang should be used. From after Mangzhong to before Liqiu, Fabiao Tang should be used.
Liuwu Mahuang Tang
Mahuang (remove joints, 1 liang) Gegen (7.5 qian) Renshen (5 qian) Gancao (roasted, 5 qian) Cangzhu (7.5 qian)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, 2 jujubes, decoct to 7/10, take hot. If after 3-5 doses sweating does not stop and aversion to wind persists, add 3 fen Jingjie. If after 3-5 doses aversion to wind ceases but sweating continues, add 0.5 liang Dingxiangpi. (Another prescription adds 7 qian Jingjie.)
Qi Wu Chaihu Tang
Chaihu (2 liang) Cangzhu Jingjie Mahuang (1 liang each) Gancao (roasted, 7 qian)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, 1 piece ginger, 2 jujubes, decoct to 7/10, take hot. If after 3-5 doses sweating does not stop and aversion to wind persists, add 3 cun scallion white. If after 3-5 doses sweating does not stop, add 1 liang Danggui and decoct together.
Fabiao Tang
Mahuang (remove joints, 1 liang) Cangzhu (2 liang) Renshen Danggui (0.5 liang each) Gancao (roasted, 3 fen) Dingxiangpi (3 fen)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, 1 piece ginger, 3 jujubes, decoct to 7/10, strain, take hot. If after 3-5 doses sweating does not stop and aversion to wind persists, add 3 fen Guizhi. If sweating does not stop, add 0.5 liang Xixin, stopping when sweating ceases.
If pulse is floating, rapid, tight, or slow, extending to Yuji point, with Cun pulse larger than Guan and Chi, this is named Yang Excess and Yin Deficiency. If accompanied by dizziness/stuffiness, dry mouth, and dry throat, it indicates pathogen in the exterior with excessive Yang Qi alone. *Suwen* states: "Excess Yang leads to body heat and no sweating." One may administer drugs that eliminate Yang and assist Yin to release the exterior. From after Lichun to before Qingming, Renshen Tang should be used. From after Qingming to before Mangzhong, Qianhu Tang should be used. From after Mangzhong to before Liqiu, Shigao Tang should be used.
Renshen Tang
Renshen (0.5 liang) Shaoyao (3 fen) Shigao (2 liang) Chaihu Gancao (roasted, 3 fen)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, 1 piece ginger, decoct to 7/10, take hot. If after 3-5 doses heat does not resolve, add 30 grains Chishi and decoct together.
Qianhu Tang formula is missing; seek Han Zhihe's formula to supplement. (*Shanghan Bianlan* has Qianhu Tang: Shigao 1 liang, Qianhu 0.5 liang, Zhuru, Huangqin, Zhimu, Shanzhi, Daqing each 3 liang, decoct with ginger and scallion; suspected to be this formula.)
Shigao Tang
Shigao (3 liang) Shaoyao (1 liang) Shengma (3 fen) Huangqin (3 fen) Chaihu (1 liang) Gancao (roasted, 3 fen)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1.5 zhan water, 1 he dou, decoct to 8/10, take hot. If after 3-5 doses heat does not resolve, add 1 liang Zhimu; if still unresolved, add 1 liang Dahuang.
If both hands show floating, rapid, tight, or slow pulses, all three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi) are forceful, with no sweating and aversion to wind, this indicates both Yin and Yang Qi are in excess. *Suwen* states: "Excess Yin and Yang leads to no sweating and cold." Medication can be used to pacify it. From after Lichun to before Qingming, Jiemi Tang should be used. From after Qingming to before Mangzhong, Shaoyao Tang should be used. From after Mangzhong to before Liqiu, Zhimu Tang should be used.
Jiemi Tang
Shigao (2 liang) Mahuang (remove joints, 3 fen) Gancao (roasted) Shengma (0.5 liang each)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, half he Chishi, decoct to 8/10, strain, take hot. If after 3-5 doses aversion to wind persists, add 0.5 liang Mahuang and 1 liang Shigao.
Shaoyao Tang
Gancao (roasted, 0.5 liang) Shaoyao (1 liang) Shigao (3 liang) Jingjisui (1 liang)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, 1 piece ginger, decoct to 7/10, strain, take hot. If after 3-5 doses aversion to wind persists, add 1 piece ginger per dose and decoct together.
Zhimu Tang
Zhimu Shigao Mahuang Shengma (1 liang each) Gancao (roasted, 0.5 liang)
Chop. Take 3 qian per dose, add 1 zhan water, 1 piece ginger, decoct to 7/10, strain, take warm. If after 3-5 doses aversion to wind persists, add 0.5 liang Mahuang and 0.5 liang Shengma.
Why were Wind-stroke and Cold Damage treated uniformly in the previous three sections? Because after initial onset, both pulse and symptoms manifest; using exterior-releasing agents would likely fail to cure, hence these formulas are prescribed for unified treatment.
Zhongjing stated: In Cold Damage, slow pulse is named Wind-stroke, tight pulse is named Cold Damage. Why distinguish these two now? Initially, winter cold toxin invades, hiding Yang Qi deep in bone marrow. When it erupts in spring/summer, external cold or wind draws out internal pathogens, resulting in the same disease once internal pathogens emerge. Ancients established these two categories fearing later learners might confuse treatments for tight vs. slow pulses. If Wind-stroke and Cold Damage have different pulses, why no different treatments? Zhongjing did not differentiate treatments; this is later learners' failure to understand Zhongjing's intent. Within 1-2 to 5-6 days of onset, if exterior pulse and symptoms persist, medication can be administered based on pulse and symptoms. For exterior-releasing drugs, take 3 doses daily; for severe cases, up to 5+ doses. Do not take all at once. If symptoms persist, repeat next day. If still unresolved, drink hot congee, possibly with scallion white. If sweating occurs, avoid heavy clothing covering to prevent excessive sweating leading to Wangyang [Loss of Yang] syndrome.
Haicang stated: Han's *Weizhi·Kehan* chapter contains the Harmonizing According to Time method. It states Cold Damage pulse is small head/large tail, Wind-stroke pulse is large head/small tail. Li Sixun's *Baoming Xinshu* also distinguishes Cun/Guan/Chi, aligning with Zhongjing, unlike predecessors who generally stated both Cun/Guan/Chi are floating/tight (Cold Damage/no sweat) or floating/slow (Wind-stroke/spontaneous sweat). There are also cases of Cold Damage with sweat and Wind-stroke without sweat, where pulse differs from symptoms, fully discussed by predecessors. Only Han and Li noted that small head/large tail indicates Cold Damage, small tail/large head indicates Wind-stroke, accounting for cases where pulse/symptoms don't clearly manifest in Cun/Guan/Chi, thus proposing Harmonizing According to Time. Fearing later learners might doubt alignment with ancient sages, they added modification rules to the base formulas, staying within predecessors' intent, which is appropriate. These two masters lived during the Song Dynasty's peak, warning against light use of Mahuang/Guizhi, preferring milder agents like Shigao, Shengma, Gegen, Chaihu. This was suitable for their time but not a permanent doctrine for millennia; it is a method adapting to changing times. The Kehan chapter, following liquid administration and symptom response, has fixed rules that even wise men cannot exceed.
Additionally, small Cun pulse caused by cold drinks/fog/dew is treated as Middle Jiao pathology. Han and Li state that small Cun pulse in Cold Damage should not be conflated with cold drink/fog injury. Injury from cold drinks/fog results in Cun pulse completely absent upon lifting and pressing, indicating Yin Qi disharmony in Stomach and failure of Yang Qi to ascend. Small Cun pulse in Cold Damage appears only from Guan down to Bladder region; though small, it is merely faint upon lifting but present upon pressing, unlike cold injury where it is completely absent. If Cun pulse is truly absent upon lifting and pressing, do not release exterior; only warm the middle. This must be known.