发热恶寒，脉浮者，属表，即太阳症也。（方论见前太阳病条。）发热汗出，不恶寒反恶热者，属里，即
阳明症也。（方论见阳明自汗。）发热脉弦细，头痛者，属半表半里，即少阳症也。（论见口苦咽干。）发热
而呕者，小柴胡汤。（论见呕。）发热咳嗽，表不解者，小青龙汤。兼胁痛喜呕者，小柴胡加干姜五味子汤。
（方论见效。）发热而喘，表不解者，小青龙去麻黄加杏仁汤。兼胸满者，麻黄汤。（方论见喘。）发热口渴，
有属表者，有属里者，治法方论甚众。（并见渴门。）
发热汗解，半日许复烦躁，脉浮数大者，可更发汗，宜桂枝汤。论见烦，（方见上。）
发汗后恶风寒者，虚故也。不恶寒但恶热者，实也，当和胃气，宜调胃承气汤。太阳病三日，发汗不解，
蒸蒸发热者，属胃也，调胃承气汤主之。（海藏云∶大黄泄实，芒硝软坚，甘草和中，必燥实坚三症全者可
用之。）
调胃承气汤方
大黄（一两。海藏云∶宜酒浸，盖邪气居高，非酒不到，譬如物在高巅，人迹所不及，则射而取之，故用酒浸引而
上之。
若生用苦泄峻下，则遗高分之邪热，所以愈后或目赤或喉闭或头肿，膈上反生热症矣） 甘草（半两，炙。
海藏云∶甘以缓之）芒硝（九钱。海藏云∶辛以润之，咸以软之）
上 咀，水一盏，煮大黄、甘草至七分，去渣，入芒硝，更上火微煮令沸，温服。
发热汗出不解，心下痞硬，呕吐而利者，大柴胡汤。（论见痞。）发汗后，身灼热，脉浮，汗出，身重多眠，鼻
鼾者，风温。（论见风热。）发汗后，仍发热，心悸头眩，身 动，振振欲擗地者，宜真武汤。（论见下利。）汗出热不去，
内拘急，四肢疼，下利厥逆恶寒者，宜四逆汤。（论见下利。）大汗出，脉阴阳俱盛不解者，死。（论见大法。
《内经》云∶温病汗彻复热而脉躁疾，不为汗衰，狂言不能食，谓之阴阳交者，必死也。）
太阳病先发汗不解，而复下之，脉浮者不愈。浮为在外而反下之，故令不愈。今脉浮，故知在外，当须解
外则愈，桂枝汤主之。汗下后，仍头痛发热，心下满，小便不利者，桂枝去桂加茯苓白术汤。（论见结胸。）大下后，
身热不去，心中结痛者，栀子豉汤主之。（论见心痛。）大下后，身热不去，微烦者，栀子干姜汤。（方论见烦。）
阳明病下之，其外有热，手足温，心中懊 ，饥不能食，但头汗出者，栀子豉汤。（论见烦。）
太阳病当恶寒，今自汗出，不恶寒发热，关脉细数者，以医吐之过也。一二日吐之者，腹中饥，口不能食。
三四日吐之者，不喜糜粥，欲食冷食，朝食暮吐，以医吐之所致，为小逆。
瘥后更热者，小柴胡汤。脉浮者以汗解，脉沉者以下解。（论见劳复。）
伤寒脉浮滑，此表有热，里有寒，白虎汤主之。
白虎汤方
知母（三两） 甘草（一两，炙） 粳米（三合） 石膏（八两，捶碎）
上 咀，每服五钱，水煎温服。
脉浮而迟，表热里寒，下利清谷者，四逆汤。（论见下利。）下利厥逆，汗出热不去者，四逆汤。
少阴病下利清谷，厥逆，里寒外热者，通脉四逆汤。（方论见下利。）身热，手足逆冷而脉虚，
当夏月发者，为中
暑。（论见中暑。）
伤寒表不解，干呕发热而咳，下利者，小青龙去麻黄加芫花汤。（论见咳。）太阳与阳明合病，
必下利，其症头痛腰疼，身热鼻干，脉浮大而长者，宜葛根汤。（论见合病。）发热下利，脉微迟厥逆者，
通脉四逆汤。太阳与少阳合病，自下利，其症头痛胸满，往来寒热，脉浮大而弦者，宜黄芩汤。
（论见合病。）
下利清谷，脉沉迟，其人面赤微热而厥者，必郁冒，汗出自解。
发热下利厥逆，躁不得卧者死。发热而利，汗不止者死。（二论俱见下利。）
发热吐利，心下痞硬者，大柴胡汤，渴者五苓散，不渴者理中汤。（论并见痞及吐利门。）
发热，经水适来适断，小柴胡汤，刺期门。（论见谵语疟状。）发热脉数，消谷，不大便者，有瘀血，
宜抵当汤。（论见蓄血。）
〔《素》〕病甚者，为五十九刺。（穴见温病门。）
发热且恶寒，脉象浮的，属于表证，即太阳病。（方剂论述见前文太阳病条。）发热且出汗，不恶寒反而恶热的，属于里证，即阳明病。（方剂论述见阳明自汗条。）发热且脉象弦细，头痛的，属于半表半里证，即少阳病。（论述见口苦咽干条。）发热且呕吐的，用小柴胡汤。（论述见呕条。）发热且咳嗽，表证未解的，用小青龙汤。兼有胁痛、喜欢呕吐的，用小柴胡加干姜五味子汤。（方剂论述见见效条。）发热且气喘，表证未解的，用小青龙去麻黄加杏仁汤。兼有胸满的，用麻黄汤。（方剂论述见喘条。）发热且口渴，有的属于表证，有的属于里证，治疗方法及方剂论述很多。（并见渴门。）
发热后出汗而病愈，半天左右又出现烦躁，脉象浮数大的，可以再发汗，适宜用桂枝汤。论述见烦条，（方剂见上。）
发汗后仍恶风恶寒的，是虚证。不恶寒只恶热的，是实证，应当调和胃气，适宜用调胃承气汤。太阳病三天，发汗后病未解，身体蒸蒸发热的，病位在胃，由调胃承气汤主治。（海藏说：大黄泻实邪，芒硝软坚结，甘草和中焦，必须燥、实、坚三个症状俱全者方可使用。）
调胃承气汤方
大黄（一两。海藏说：适宜用酒浸，因为邪气位置高，非酒力不能到达，就像物品在高处，人的足迹达不到，就用箭射取它，所以用酒浸以引药上行。若生用则苦泄峻下，会遗漏高位的邪热，所以病后可能出现目赤、喉闭或头肿，膈上反生热症） 甘草（半两，炙。海藏说：甘味以缓急） 芒硝（九钱。海藏说：辛味以润燥，咸味以软坚）
以上切碎，用水一盏，煮大黄、甘草至七分，去渣，加入芒硝，再上火微煮令沸，温服。
发热出汗而病不解，心下痞塞坚硬，呕吐且腹泻的，用大柴胡汤。（论述见痞条。）发汗后，身体灼热，脉浮，出汗，身体沉重嗜睡，打鼾的，是风温。（论述见风热条。）发汗后，仍然发热，心悸头晕，身体震颤动摇，振振欲倒地状的，适宜用真武汤。（论述见下利条。）出汗后热不退，内部拘急，四肢疼痛，腹泻且四肢厥冷恶寒的，适宜用四逆汤。（论述见下利条。）大汗出，脉象寸关尺三部都盛大且病不解的，死。（论述见大法。《内经》说：温病汗出透彻后又发热且脉象躁疾，不因汗出而衰减，胡言乱语不能进食，称为阴阳交，必死。）
太阳病先发汗未解，又用攻下法，脉象浮的，病不愈。浮脉表示病邪在表却反用攻下法，所以导致不愈。现在脉象浮，故知病邪仍在表，应当解除表邪则愈，由桂枝汤主治。汗法和下法之后，仍然头痛发热，心下胀满，小便不利的，用桂枝去桂加茯苓白术汤。（论述见结胸条。）大攻下之后，身体热不退，心中结聚疼痛的，由栀子豉汤主治。（论述见心痛条。）大攻下之后，身体热不退，轻微烦躁的，用栀子干姜汤。（方剂论述见烦条。）
阳明病用攻下法，体表有热，手足温暖，心中懊恼，饥饿但不能进食，只有头部出汗的，用栀子豉汤。（论述见烦条。）
太阳病应当恶寒，现在自汗出，不恶寒也不发热，关脉细数的，是因为医生误用吐法造成的过失。一二天用吐法的，腹中饥饿，口中不能进食。三四天用吐法的，不喜欢喝粥，想吃冷食，早晨吃晚上吐，这是医生误用吐法所致，称为小逆。
病愈后再次发热的，用小柴胡汤。脉浮的用发汗法解表，脉沉的用攻下法解里。（论述见劳复条。）
白虎汤方
知母（三两） 甘草（一两，炙） 粳米（三合） 石膏（八两，捶碎）
以上切碎，每次服用五钱，水煎温服。
脉象浮而迟，表热里寒，腹泻完谷不化的，用四逆汤。（论述见下利条。）腹泻且四肢厥冷，出汗后热不退的，用四逆汤。
少阴病腹泻完谷不化，四肢厥冷，里寒外热的，用通脉四逆汤。（方剂论述见下利条。）身体热，手足逆冷且脉虚，发生在夏季的，为中暑。（论述见中暑条。）
伤寒表证未解，干呕、发热且咳嗽，伴有腹泻的，用小青龙去麻黄加芫花汤。（论述见咳条。）太阳与阳明合病，必然腹泻，其症状为头痛腰痛，身体热鼻干，脉象浮大而长的，适宜用葛根汤。（论述见合病条。）发热腹泻，脉象微迟四肢厥冷的，用通脉四逆汤。太阳与少阳合病，自发腹泻，其症状为头痛胸满，往来寒热，脉象浮大而弦的，适宜用黄芩汤。（论述见合病条。）
腹泻完谷不化，脉象沉迟，其人面部发红微热且四肢厥冷的，必定会出现郁冒，出汗后自然痊愈。
发热腹泻四肢厥冷，躁动不能卧倒的，死。发热且腹泻，出汗不止的，死。（两条论述均见下利条。）
发热呕吐腹泻，心下痞塞坚硬的，用大柴胡汤；口渴的用五苓散，不口渴的用理中汤。（论述并见痞及吐利门。）
发热，月经适来或适断，用小柴胡汤，针刺期门穴。（论述见谵语疟状条。）发热脉数，消谷善饥，不大便的，有瘀血，适宜用抵当汤。（论述见蓄血条。）
Fever accompanied by aversion to cold and a floating pulse indicates a exterior syndrome, specifically the Taiyang disease (Taiyang Disease). (For formula discussions, see the section on Taiyang Disease.) Fever with sweating, absence of aversion to cold but presence of aversion to heat indicates an interior syndrome, specifically the Yangming disease (Yangming Disease). (For formula discussions, see the section on Spontaneous Sweating in Yangming Disease.) Fever with a wiry and fine pulse, accompanied by headache, indicates a half-exterior half-interior syndrome, specifically the Shaoyang disease (Shaoyang Disease). (For discussion, see the section on Bitter Taste in Mouth and Dry Throat.) Fever with vomiting is treated with Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). (For discussion, see the section on Vomiting.) Fever with cough and unresolved exterior syndrome is treated with Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction). If accompanied by hypochondriac pain and a desire to vomit, treat with Xiao Chai Hu Tang plus Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) and Wu Wei Zi (Schisandra Fruit). (For formula discussions, see the section on Efficacy.) Fever with panting and unresolved exterior syndrome is treated with Xiao Qing Long Tang minus Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) plus Xing Ren (Prunus Armeniaca Seed). If accompanied by chest fullness, treat with Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra Decoction). (For formula discussions, see the section on Panting.) Fever with thirst may belong to either exterior or interior syndromes; there are many treatment methods and formula discussions. (See the section on Thirst.)
If fever resolves with sweating, but after about half a day restlessness recurs with a floating, rapid, and large pulse, another diaphoretic treatment is indicated, preferably Gui Zhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). (For discussion, see the section on Restlessness; for formula, see above.)
After inducing sweating, if aversion to wind and cold persists, it is due to deficiency. If there is no aversion to cold but only aversion to heat, it is excess; one should harmonize the Stomach Qi, preferably using Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Direct Downward Decoction). In Taiyang disease, if after three days and induction of sweating the condition remains unresolved with a steaming fever, the pathogen belongs to the Stomach, and Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang is the primary treatment. (Hai Zang stated: Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) purges excess, Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas) softens hardness, and Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) harmonizes the middle; this formula is suitable only when dryness, excess, and hardness symptoms are all present.)
Formula for Tiao Wei Cheng Qi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Direct Downward Decoction):
Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (1 liang. Hai Zang stated: It is suitable to soak in wine, because the pathogenic factor is located high, and only wine can reach it. Just as objects at high peaks are unreachable by footprints and must be shot down, so wine is used to guide the medicine upward. If used raw, its bitter drainage is too severe, leaving the heat of the high pathogen behind, which may result in red eyes, throat closure, or head swelling after recovery, causing heat syndromes in the diaphragm region.) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (0.5 liang, roasted. Hai Zang stated: Sweetness relieves urgency.) Mang Xiao (Natrii Sulfas) (9 qian. Hai Zang stated: Pungency moistens, saltiness softens.)
Chop the ingredients. Add one sheng of water, boil Da Huang and Gan Cao until reduced to 0.7 sheng, strain, add Mang Xiao, and boil briefly over fire until boiling. Take warm.
Fever with sweating that does not resolve, accompanied by epigastric fullness and hardness, vomiting, and diarrhea, is treated with Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction). (For discussion, see the section on Fullness.) After inducing sweating, if the body becomes burning hot, pulse is floating, sweating occurs, the body feels heavy with excessive sleepiness, and snoring is present, it is Feng Wen (Wind-Warmth). (For discussion, see the section on Wind-Heat.) After inducing sweating, if fever persists, accompanied by palpitations, dizziness, tremors of the body, and a sensation of trembling collapse, Zhen Wu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) is indicated. (For discussion, see the section on Diarrhea.) If sweating does not stop the fever, with internal cramping, limb pain, diarrhea, and cold limbs with aversion to cold, Si Ni Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction) is indicated. (For discussion, see the section on Diarrhea.) Profuse sweating with surging pulses in all positions that do not resolve leads to death. (For discussion, see the General Principles. The *Nei Jing* states: In Warm diseases, if sweating is thorough but fever returns with a rapid and restless pulse that does not subside with sweating, accompanied by delirium and inability to eat, it is called Yin-Yang Intersection, which is fatal.)
In Taiyang disease, if initial sweating fails to resolve the condition and purgation is subsequently applied, a floating pulse indicates non-resolution. A floating pulse indicates the pathogen is still exterior; applying purgation erroneously causes non-resolution. Since the pulse is now floating, we know the pathogen is still exterior; resolving the exterior will lead to recovery, primarily using Gui Zhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). After sweating and purgation, if headache and fever persist, along with epigastric fullness and difficulty urinating, Gui Zhi Qu Gui Jia Fu Ling Bai Zhu Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Cinnamon Twig plus Poria and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) is used. (For discussion, see the section on Chest Binding.) After severe purgation, if body heat persists and there is knotted pain in the heart region, Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) is the primary treatment. (For discussion, see the section on Heart Pain.) After severe purgation, if body heat persists with slight restlessness, Zhi Zi Gan Jiang Tang (Gardenia and Roasted Ginger Decoction) is used. (For formula discussion, see the section on Restlessness.)
In Yangming disease, after purgation, if there is external heat, warm hands and feet, mental restlessness (Ao Nu), hunger but inability to eat, and only sweating on the head, Zhi Zi Chi Tang (Gardenia and Fermented Soybean Decoction) is used. (For discussion, see the section on Restlessness.)
In Taiyang disease, aversion to cold is expected. If now there is spontaneous sweating, no aversion to cold or fever, and a fine, rapid pulse at the Guan position, it is due to the physician's error in using emesis. If emesis is used on days 1-2, the patient feels hungry in the abdomen but cannot eat. If used on days 3-4, the patient dislikes congee, desires cold food, and vomits what was eaten in the morning by evening; this is caused by the physician's erroneous emesis and is termed a minor deviation.
If fever recurs after recovery, use Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction). If the pulse is floating, resolve via sweating; if sinking, resolve via purgation. (For discussion, see the section on Labor Recurrence.)
In Shang Han (Cold Damage), a floating and slippery pulse indicates heat in the exterior and cold in the interior, treated with Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction).
Formula for Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction):
Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) (3 liang) Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (1 liang, roasted) Jing Mi (Oryza Sativa Grain) (3 he) Shi Gao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (8 liang, crushed)
Chop the ingredients. For each dose of 5 qian, decoct in water and take warm.
A floating and slow pulse with exterior heat and interior cold, accompanied by diarrhea with undigested food, is treated with Si Ni Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction). (For discussion, see the section on Diarrhea.) Diarrhea with cold limbs and sweating that does not stop the fever is treated with Si Ni Tang (Frigid Extremities Decoction).
In Shao Yin disease, diarrhea with undigested food, cold limbs, interior cold with exterior heat, is treated with Tong Mai Si Ni Tang (Pulse-Resuscitating Frigid Extremities Decoction). (For formula discussion, see the section on Diarrhea.) Body heat with cold hands and feet and a deficient pulse, occurring in summer, is Zhong Shu (Heat Stroke). (For discussion, see the section on Heat Stroke.)
In Shang Han, if the exterior syndrome is unresolved, accompanied by dry retching, fever, cough, and diarrhea, use Xiao Qing Long Tang minus Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba) plus Yuan Hua (Genkwa Flos). (For discussion, see the section on Cough.) In combined Taiyang and Yangming disease, diarrhea is inevitable; symptoms include headache, backache, body heat, dry nose, and a large, long, floating pulse; Ge Gen Tang (Kudzu Root Decoction) is indicated. (For discussion, see the section on Combined Diseases.) Fever with diarrhea, a faint and slow pulse, and cold limbs are treated with Tong Mai Si Ni Tang (Pulse-Resuscitating Frigid Extremities Decoction). In combined Taiyang and Shaoyang disease, spontaneous diarrhea occurs; symptoms include headache, chest fullness, alternating chills and fever, and a large, wiry, floating pulse; Huang Qin Tang (Scutellaria Decoction) is indicated. (For discussion, see the section on Combined Diseases.)
Diarrhea with undigested food, a deep and slow pulse, facial redness, slight heat, and cold limbs indicate impending Yu Mao (Depression and Dizziness); sweating will naturally resolve it.
Fever with diarrhea, cold limbs, restlessness, and inability to lie down indicates death. Fever with diarrhea and unceasing sweating indicates death. (Both discussions are found in the section on Diarrhea.)
Fever with vomiting and diarrhea, and epigastric fullness and hardness, is treated with Da Chai Hu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction); if thirsty, use Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria); if not thirsty, use Li Zhong Tang (Regulate the Middle Decoction). (Discussions are found in the sections on Fullness and Vomiting/Diarrhea.)
Fever occurring while menstruation has just started or stopped is treated with Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) and needling of Qi Men (LR14). (For discussion, see the section on Delirium and Malaria-like Symptoms.) Fever with a rapid pulse, ability to digest food quickly, and constipation indicates Blood Stasis (Yu Xue), treated with Di Dang Tang (Di Dang Decoction). (For discussion, see the section on Blood Accumulation.)
[From the *Su Wen*]: In severe cases, employ the Fifty-Nine Acupoints Needling method. (Acupoints are listed in the Warm Disease section.)