传经之次第，由少阴而厥阴。厥阴者，肝也，肝为厥阴之府，而肝膈之下垂，与包肾之脂膜相连者，即厥
阴之经也。为其经与少阴经之脂膜相连，是以由少阴可传于厥阴。厥者逆也，又尽也，少阴自少阳、太
阴传来，而复逆行上传于肝，且经中气化之相传至此，又复阴尽而阳生也，是以名为厥阴也。
《伤寒论》原文∶厥阴之为病，消渴，气上撞心，心中疼热，饥而不欲食，食则吐蛔，下之利不止。
《内经》谓∶“厥阴之上，风气主之，中见少阳。”少阳者，肝中所寄之少阳相火也。为肝中寄有相火，
因外感之激发而暴动，是以消渴。相火挟肝气上冲，是以觉气上撞心，心中疼且热也。凡人之肝热者，胃中亦
恒有热，胃中有热能化食，肝中有热又恒欲呕，是以饥而不欲食。至于肠中感风木兼少阳之气化，
原能生蛔，因病后懒食，肠中空虚，蛔无所养，偶食少许，蛔闻食味则上来，是以吐蛔也。至误下之利不止
者，因肝受外感正在不能疏泄之时（经谓肝主疏泄），适有降下之药为向导，遂至为肾过于行气
（肝行肾之气）而疏泄不已。
《伤寒论》原文∶伤寒脉微而厥，至七、八日，肤冷，其人躁无暂安时者，此为脏厥，非蛔厥也。蛔
厥者，其人当吐蛔，今病者静，而复时烦者，此为脏寒，蛔上入膈，故烦，须臾复止，得食而
呕，又烦者，蛔闻食臭出，其人当自吐蛔，蛔厥者，乌梅丸主之，又主久利。
【乌梅丸方】乌梅三百枚，细辛六两，干姜十两，黄连一
斤，当归四两，附子六两去皮炮，蜀椒四两炒出汗，人参六两，黄柏六两，桂枝六两去皮。
上十味，异捣筛，合治之，以苦酒渍乌梅一宿，去核，蒸之五升米下，饭熟，捣成泥，和药令相得，
内臼中，与蜜杵二千下，丸如梧桐子大，先食饮，服十丸，日三服，稍加至二十丸。禁生冷、滑物、臭食等。
厥阴一篇，病理深邃，最难疏解。注家以经文中有阴阳之气，不相顺接之语，遂以经解经，于四肢
之厥逆，即以阴阳之气不相顺接解之，而未有深究其不相顺接之故，何独在厥阴一经者。盖肝主疏泄，原为风木
之脏，于时应春，实为发生之始。肝膈之下垂者，又与气海相连，故能宣通先天之元气，以敷布于周
身，而周身之气化，遂无处不流通也。至肝为外感所侵，其疏泄之力顿失，致脏腑中之气化不能传达于外，
是以内虽蕴有实热，而四肢反逆冷，此所谓阴阳之气不相顺接也。至于病多呕吐者，
亦因其疏泄之力外无所泻，遂至蓄极而上冲胃口，此多呕吐之所
以然也。又胃为肝冲激不已，土为木伤，中气易漓，是以间有除中之病。除中者，脾胃之气已伤尽，而危
在目前也。至于下利亦未必皆因藏寒，其因伏气化热窜入肝经，遏抑肝气太过，能激动其疏泄之力上冲，亦
可激动其疏泄之力下注以成下利，然所利者必觉热而不觉凉也。试举一治验之案以明之。
辽宁刘××，寓居天津，年近四旬，于孟秋得吐泻证，六日之间勺饮不存，一昼夜间下利二十余次，病
势危急莫支。延为延医，其脉象微细，重按又似弦长，四肢甚凉，周身肌肤亦近于凉，而心中则甚觉发热，所
下利者亦觉发热，断为系厥阴温病，在《伤寒论》中即为厥阴伤寒（《伤寒论》开端处，曾提出温病，后则
浑名之为伤寒）。惟其呕吐殊甚，无论何药，入口即吐出，分毫不能下咽，实足令医者束手耳。因问之曰，心
中既如此发热，亦想冰吃否？答曰，想甚，但家中人驳阻不令食耳。愚曰，此病已近垂危，再如此吐泻一昼
夜，即仙丹不能挽回，惟用冰膏搀生石膏细末服之，可以止吐，吐止后泻亦不难治矣。遂立主买冰淇淋若干，
搀生石膏细末两许服之，服后病见愈，可服稀粥少许，下利亦见少。翌日复为诊视，四肢已不发凉，身亦
微温，其脉大于从前，心中犹觉发热，有时仍复呕吐。俾再用生石膏细末一两，搀西瓜中服之，呕吐从
此遂愈。翌日再诊其脉，热犹未清，心中虽不若从前之大热，犹思食凉物，懒于饮食，其下利较前已愈强半。
遂为开白虎加人参汤，方中生石膏用二两，野台参三钱，用生杭芍六钱以代知母，生山药六钱以代粳米，甘草
则多用至四钱，又加滑石六钱，方中如此加减替代者，实欲以之清热，又欲以之止利也。俾煎汤两
盅，分两次温饮下，病遂全愈。此于厥阴温病如此治法，若在冬令，遇厥阴伤寒之有实热者，亦可如此治法。
盖厥阴一经，于五行属木，其性原温，而有少阳相火寄生其间，则温而热矣。若再
有伏气化热窜入，以激动其相火，原可成极热之病也。夫石膏与
冰膏、西瓜并用，似近猛浪，然以愚之目见耳闻，因呕吐不止而废命者多矣，况此证又兼下利乎？此为救
人之热肠所迫，于万难挽救之中，而拟此挽救之奇方，实不暇计其方之猛浪也。若无冰
膏、西瓜时，或用鲜梨切片，蘸生石膏细末服之，当亦不难下咽而止呕吐也。
传经的次序，是从少阴传到厥阴。厥阴指的是肝，肝是厥阴的脏腑所属，而在肝脏膈膜之下垂的部分，与包裹肾脏的脂膜相连结的，就是厥阴的经脉。因为这条经脉与少阴经脉的脂膜相连，所以病邪可以由少阴传入厥阴。“厥”的意思是逆乱，也是尽头的意思。病气从少阳、太阴传来，进入少阴后，又逆向上传至肝脏，且经脉中气化之气的相传至此，又是阴气耗尽而阳气初生的阶段，所以命名为“厥阴”。
《伤寒论》原文说：厥阴病的症状表现是，口渴多饮（消渴），有气向上顶撞心脏的感觉，心中疼痛且发热，感觉饥饿却不想吃东西，如果吃了东西就会吐出蛔虫，如果误用泻下法治疗，会导致腹泻不止。
《内经》中说：“厥阴经的上部，由风气所主，内部与少阳经相表里。”这里的少阳，是指寄居在肝脏中的少阳相火。因为肝中寄居着相火，受到外感病邪的激发而突然躁动，所以出现口渴多饮。相火挟带肝气向上冲逆，所以感觉到有气上撞心脏，心中疼痛且发热。大凡肝热的人，胃中也常常有热，胃中有热能消化食物，但肝中有热又常常想呕吐，所以表现为虽然饥饿却不想进食。至于肠道中感受了风木之气兼夹少阳的气化作用，原本就能生出蛔虫，因为病后懒得吃东西，肠道中空虚，蛔虫得不到滋养，偶尔吃了一点东西，蛔虫闻到食物的气味就向上爬，所以导致吐出蛔虫。至于误用泻下法导致腹泻不止的原因，是因为肝脏受到外感病邪侵袭，正处于不能正常疏泄的时候（经文说肝主疏泄），恰好又有降下的药物作为向导，于是导致肾脏过于行气（肝推动肾的气机运行）而疏泄功能失控，无法停止。
《伤寒论》原文说：伤寒病脉象微弱且四肢厥冷，到了第七、八天，皮肤发冷，其人烦躁没有片刻安宁的时候，这是脏厥，不是蛔厥。蛔厥的病人，应当会吐出蛔虫，现在的病人安静下来，却又时不时感到心烦，这是因为内脏寒冷，蛔虫向上进入膈部，所以心烦，过了一会儿又停止，吃东西就会呕吐，再次心烦，是因为蛔虫闻到食物的气味而出动，这个病人应当会自动吐出蛔虫。对于蛔厥，用乌梅丸主治，同时也主治长期的腹泻。
【乌梅丸方】乌梅三百枚，细辛六两，干姜十两，黄连一斤，当归四两，附子六两（去皮炮制），蜀椒四两（炒至出油），人参六两，黄柏六两，桂枝六两（去皮）。
以上十味药，分别捣碎过筛，混合在一起处理。用醋浸泡乌梅一夜，去掉核，放在五升米下面蒸熟，饭熟后捣成泥状，与药物混合均匀，放入臼中，加入蜂蜜杵打两千下，制成梧桐子大小的药丸。饭前服用，每次十丸，每天三次，逐渐增加到二十丸。禁止食用生冷、滑腻、腐败变质等食物。
厥阴这一篇，病理深奥微妙，最难解释清楚。注释家因为经文中有“阴阳之气不相顺接”这句话，就用经文来解释经文，对于四肢的厥冷，就用阴阳之气不相顺接来解释，但没有深入探究为什么唯独在厥阴经会出现不相顺接的原因。大概因为肝主疏泄，原本是风木之脏，在时令上对应春季，实际上是生机发生的开始。肝脏膈膜下垂的部分，又与气海相连，所以能够宣通先天的元气，将其布散到全身，从而周身的气化无处不流通。等到肝脏被外感病邪侵犯，其疏泄的力量顿时丧失，导致脏腑中的气化不能传达于体表，所以体内虽然有实热，四肢反而逆冷，这就是所谓的阴阳之气不相顺接。至于病情多伴有呕吐，也是因为疏泄的力量向外无处宣泄，于是蓄积到极点而上冲胃口，这就是多呕吐的原因。另外，胃受到肝气的不断冲激，脾胃（土）被肝木所伤，中气容易耗损，所以间或有“除中”这种病症。除中，是指脾胃之气已经损伤殆尽，生命危在旦夕。至于下利也不一定都是因为内脏寒冷，如果是伏气温病化为热邪窜入肝经，过度遏制肝气，能够激动其疏泄之力向上冲逆，也可以激动其疏泄之力向下注泄而形成下利，然而所下的粪便必定感觉发热而不觉得凉。试举一个治疗验证的案例来说明这一点。
辽宁人刘××，寓居天津，年龄近四十岁，在初秋得了呕吐腹泻证，六天之间连一勺水都留不住，一昼夜之间腹泻二十多次，病势危急难以支撑。请我去诊治，他的脉象微细，重按又似乎弦长，四肢非常凉，周身肌肤也接近凉，但心中却觉得很发热，所下的粪便也觉得发热，我判断为厥阴温病，在《伤寒论》中即为厥阴伤寒（《伤寒论》开端处曾提出温病，后来则统称为伤寒）。只是他的呕吐特别严重，无论什么药，入口即吐，分毫不能咽下，实在让医者束手无策。于是我问他：“心里既然这么发热，想吃冰吗？”他回答说：“很想，但家里人反对不让吃。”我说：“这个病已经接近危重，如果再这样吐泻一昼夜，即使是仙丹也不能挽回，只有用冰淇淋搀和生石膏细末服用，可以止住呕吐，吐止之后腹泻也不难治了。”于是主张买若干冰淇淋，搀和生石膏细末约一两服用，服后病情见好，可以吃少许稀粥，腹泻也减少。第二天再诊视，四肢已不发凉，身体也微温，脉象比从前大了，心中仍然觉得发热，有时仍会呕吐。让他再用生石膏细末一两，搀和在西瓜中服用，呕吐从此痊愈。第三天再诊脉，热邪仍未清除，心中虽不像从前那样大热，但仍想吃凉物，懒于饮食，腹泻比以前好了大半。于是为他开具白虎加人参汤，方中生石膏用二两，野台参三钱，用生杭芍六钱代替知母，生山药六钱代替粳米，甘草则多用至四钱，又加滑石六钱，方中如此加减替代，实在是为了清热，同时也为了止利。让他煎取两盅汤剂，分两次温服，病便完全痊愈。对于厥阴温病采用如此治法，如果在冬季，遇到厥阴伤寒而有实热的情况，也可以采用如此治法。大概厥阴一经，在五行中属木，其本性原是温的，而有少阳相火寄生在其中，那么就变成温而热了。如果再有伏气温病化为热邪窜入，以激动其中的相火，原本就可以形成极热的病证。石膏与冰膏、西瓜并用，看似猛烈鲁莽，但以我的亲眼所见和亲耳所闻，因呕吐不止而丧命的人很多了，何况此证还兼有下利呢？这是出于救人的热心肠所驱使，在万难挽救之中，拟定这挽救的奇方，实在顾不上考虑方子是否猛烈鲁莽。如果没有冰糕、西瓜，或者用鲜梨切片，蘸生石膏细末服用，也应该不难咽下并止住呕吐。
The sequence of disease transmission proceeds from Shaoyin (Lesser Yang) to Jueyin (Terminal Yin). Jueyin refers to the Liver; the Liver is the zang organ associated with Jueyin. The portion of the liver diaphragm that hangs downward and connects with the fatty membrane surrounding the Kidney constitutes the Jueyin meridian. Because this meridian connects with the fatty membrane of the Shaoyin meridian, pathogenic factors can transmit from Shaoyin to Jueyin. "Jue" implies reversal or extremity. Pathogenic qi transmitted from Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) and Taiyin (Greater Yin) enters Shaoyin, then reverses and transmits upward to the Liver. Furthermore, the transformation of qi within the meridians reaches its conclusion here, where Yin is exhausted and Yang begins to generate; thus it is named Jueyin.
The original text of *Shanghan Lun* states: In Jueyin disease, symptoms include excessive thirst (Xiaoke), a sensation of Qi rushing upward to strike the heart, pain and heat in the chest/heart region, hunger without desire to eat, vomiting of roundworms if food is ingested, and unceasing diarrhea if purgatives are misused.
The *Neijing* states: "At the upper aspect of the Jueyin, Wind Qi governs, and internally it corresponds to Shaoyang." Here, Shaoyang refers to the Ministerial Fire residing within the Liver. Because Ministerial Fire resides in the Liver, when provoked by external pathogens, it flares up violently, causing excessive thirst. The Ministerial Fire, carrying Liver Qi, rushes upward, creating the sensation of Qi striking the heart and causing pain and heat in the chest. Generally, individuals with Liver Heat also possess Stomach Heat. Stomach Heat aids digestion, while Liver Heat induces nausea; thus, the patient feels hungry but lacks the desire to eat. Regarding intestinal roundworms, the intestines are influenced by Wood Qi and Shaoyang transformations, which naturally foster worm generation. After illness, laziness to eat leaves the intestines empty, depriving worms of nourishment. When the patient eats slightly, the worms detect the food odor and ascend, resulting in vomiting of roundworms. As for unceasing diarrhea following misuse of purgatives: when the Liver is invaded by external pathogens, it is unable to perform its function of free flow and discharge (Liver governs Shuxie). If purgative drugs act as guides at this moment, they cause the Kidney to over-activate Qi movement (as the Liver directs Kidney Qi), leading to uncontrollable hyper-secretion and diarrhea.
The original text of *Shanghan Lun* states: In cold damage, if the pulse is faint and there is coldness of the extremities, and by the seventh or eighth day, the skin becomes cold and the patient is restless with no moment of peace, this is Zang Jue (Organ Cold Reversal), not Tui Jue (Roundworm Reversal). Patients with Tui Jue typically vomit roundworms. If the patient is quiet but experiences intermittent irritability, it indicates internal cold causing worms to ascend into the diaphragm, causing irritability, which ceases after a short while. Eating causes vomiting and renewed irritability because worms emerge upon smelling food; such patients will spontaneously vomit roundworms. For Tui Jue, Wumei Wan is indicated; it is also indicated for chronic diarrhea.
[Wumei Wan Formula] Wumei (Mume Fruit) 300 pieces, Xixin (Asarum Root) 6 liang, Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) 10 liang, Huanglian (Coptis Rhizome) 1 jin, Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root) 4 liang, Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) 6 liang (peeled and processed), Shujiao (Sichuan Pepper) 4 liang (stir-fried until oil exudes), Renshen (Ginseng Root) 6 liang, Huangbai (Phellodendron Bark) 6 liang, Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) 6 liang (peeled).
Process the ten ingredients separately by pounding and sieving, then mix them. Soak Wumei in vinegar overnight, remove pits, and steam over five sheng of rice. Once the rice is cooked, pound the Wumei into a paste, mix thoroughly with the powdered herbs, place in a mortar, add honey, and pound two thousand times to form pills the size of paulownia seeds. Take ten pills before meals with warm water, three times daily, gradually increasing to twenty pills. Avoid raw, cold, slippery, and spoiled foods.
The Jueyin chapter presents profound pathology, making it difficult to elucidate. Commentators, citing the phrase "Yin and Yang Qi fail to connect smoothly," use the text to explain itself regarding cold extremities, failing to deeply investigate why this disconnection occurs specifically in the Jueyin meridian. The Liver governs free flow and discharge and belongs to Wind-Wood. Corresponding to Spring, it represents the beginning of growth. Its lower diaphragmatic extension connects with Qihai (Sea of Qi), allowing it to disseminate congenital Yuan Qi throughout the body, ensuring smooth Qi transformation everywhere. When external pathogens invade the Liver, its ability to discharge is suddenly lost. Consequently, Qi transformation within the organs cannot reach the exterior. Although substantial heat accumulates internally, the extremities become cold; this is the "failure of Yin and Yang Qi to connect smoothly." Vomiting often occurs because the discharge force has nowhere to go outward, so it accumulates to an extreme and rushes upward against the stomach opening. Additionally, constant irritation by Liver Qi damages Spleen-Stomach Earth (Wood overacting on Earth), weakening Middle Qi, which may lead to Chuzhong (Elimination of the Middle). Chuzhong indicates that Spleen-Stomach Qi is exhausted, signaling imminent danger. Diarrhea is not always due to organ cold; if latent heat窜入 (intrudes into) the Liver meridian, suppressing Liver Qi excessively, it can stimulate the discharge force to rush upward or downward, causing diarrhea. However, the stool will feel hot, not cold.
Consider this clinical case for illustration: Mr. Liu XX from Liaoning, residing in Tianjin, nearly forty years old, contracted vomiting and diarrhea in early autumn. Within six days, he could retain nothing; he suffered diarrhea more than twenty times in a single day and night, facing critical danger. His pulse was faint and fine, yet deep pressure revealed a string-taut and long quality. Extremities were very cold, skin near-cold, but the chest felt intensely hot, and the stool felt hot. I diagnosed Jueyin Warm Disease (equivalent to Jueyin Cold Damage in *Shanghan Lun*, though Wenbing was distinguished early on, later subsumed under Shanghan). His vomiting was severe; any medicine taken was immediately expelled, leaving me helpless. I asked, "Since your chest burns, do you crave ice?" He replied, "Yes, but my family forbids it." I said, "This condition is critical. Another day and night of this vomiting and diarrhea cannot be saved even by immortal elixirs. Only by consuming ice cream mixed with finely ground Shigypsum Fibrosum (Raw Gypsum) can we stop the vomiting; once vomiting stops, treating diarrhea will be easier." I advised purchasing ice cream mixed with approximately one liang of Raw Gypsum powder. After ingestion, symptoms improved; he could tolerate some thin porridge, and diarrhea decreased. On the second day, extremities were no longer cold, body temperature slightly warm, pulse larger than before, chest still hot, occasional vomiting persisted. I prescribed another one liang of Raw Gypsum powder mixed into watermelon. Vomiting ceased completely. On the third day, heat remained; although chest heat subsided somewhat, he craved cool foods, lacked appetite, and diarrhea had improved significantly. I prescribed Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Plus Ginseng Decoction): Shigypsum Fibrosum 2 liang, Yetairen (Wild Ginseng) 3 qian, replaced Zhimu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) with Sheng Hangshao (Raw Paeonia Radix Alba) 6 qian, replaced Jingmi (Rice) with Sheng Shanyao (Dioscorea Rhizome) 6 qian, increased Gancao (Licorice Root) to 4 qian, and added Huashi (Talcum) 6 qian. These substitutions aimed to clear heat and stop diarrhea. Decocted into two bowls, taken warm in two doses, the patient recovered fully. This method applies to Jueyin Warm Disease; similarly, for Winter Jueyin Cold Damage with substantial heat, this approach is valid. Jueyin belongs to Wood, inherently warm; with resident Shaoyang Ministerial Fire, it becomes hot. If latent heat intrudes and agitates the Ministerial Fire, extreme heat results. Using Gypsum, ice cream, and watermelon together seems aggressive, but I have witnessed many deaths from intractable vomiting, especially with concurrent diarrhea. Driven by compassion, I devised this miraculous rescue formula amidst hopeless circumstances, disregarding concerns about its aggression. If ice cream or watermelon is unavailable, fresh pear slices dipped in Raw Gypsum powder may be used to facilitate swallowing and stop vomiting.