[总诀]心主神兮肝主魂,肾藏精气外游行。此间治法犹难识,况挟长沙百合名。
心中大烦,舌黑而不得卧者,少阴之阳烦也。宜黄连阿胶汤。
黄连(三钱) 黄芩(三钱) 阿胶(一钱) 白芍(三钱) 鸡子黄(调下,一枚)
歌曰∶心烦舌黑证为阳,汤用胶连仔细详。
白芍枯芩同剂煮,再调鸡子去清尝。
心中大躁,手足躁扰不安者,少阴之阴躁也。宜加味白通汤。
干姜(二钱) 附子(三钱) 葱白(三钱) 甘草(一钱) 胆汁(七分) 知母(二钱) 麦冬(三
钱) 牛膝(一钱)
歌曰∶心中大躁却为阴,用药还宜姜附斟。
胆草和葱知膝共,麦冬加入病无侵。
心中怔忡,跳动如舂碓臼者,心脾之血虚也。宜加味归脾汤。
白术(二钱) 麦冬(二钱) 茯神(二钱) 党参(二钱) 远志(一钱) 枣仁(二钱) 当归(
二钱) 黄 (二钱) 白芍(二钱) 五味(七分) 龙眼(三枚) 甘草(一钱) 乳香(一钱) 没药
(一钱)
歌曰∶心中跳动用参 ,龙眼归苓补血宜。
味术枣仁同远志,冬甘乳没芍归脾。
(伯未按∶单用枣仁四钱,龙眼肉十枚,亦佳。)
心悸而怯,常欲叉手冒心者,水气凌心经也。宜桂苓甘枣汤。
桂尖(三钱) 云苓(三钱) 甘草(一钱) 大枣(三枚)
歌曰∶悸怯缘何现此形,总因水气犯心经。
除寒消水无逾桂,甘枣还加云茯苓。
心惊而惕,神魂不能自主者,心虚而气浮也。宜桂枝龙牡汤。
桂枝(三钱) 附子(三钱) 龙骨(三钱) 甘草(炙,二钱) 牡蛎(三钱)
歌曰∶心常惊惕扰神魂,虚怯宜将桂附温。
仍恐元阳难镇敛,再加龙牡草梢存。
心神慌惚,入夜则多烦梦者,心血虚有火也。宜原方安神丸。
当归(三钱) 生地(三钱) 黄连(二钱) 朱砂(一钱) 甘草(一钱)
歌曰∶心神慌惚梦偏多,虚火常炎奈若何。
归地朱砂连共草,丸汤服下即调和。
心神恍惚,每事不能记忆者,有火兼有痰也。宜加味安神丸。
龙骨(三钱) 牡蛎(三钱) 茯神(三钱) 菖蒲(一钱) 枣仁(三钱) 生地(三钱) 黄连(一
钱) 朱砂(一钱) 远志(一钱) 五味(一钱) 当归(三钱) 甘草(一钱) 贝母(二钱) 麦冬(
三钱)
歌曰∶心神恍惚性多忘,龙牡归苓枣与菖。
连地朱砂同志味,草和贝母麦冬尝。
心神不定,起居百般不安者,百脉皆合病也。宜加味百合汤。
党参(三钱) 白芍(三钱) 百合(三钱) 生地(三钱) 玉竹(三钱) 茯神(三钱) 枣仁(三
钱) 麦冬(三钱) 百部(二钱) 五味(一钱) 贝母(三钱) 滑石(三钱)
歌曰∶心神不定意憧憧,起坐难安用麦冬。
部合枣仁苓味芍,竹参贝滑地煎浓。
【总诀】心主宰神志,肝主宰魂,肾藏精气并外游行于周身。此间的治法尚且难以辨识,更何况还夹杂着张仲景(长沙太守)与百合病相关的方名。
心中极度烦乱,舌苔发黑且无法安卧的,是少阴经的阳热烦躁证。适宜使用黄连阿胶汤。
黄连(三钱) 黄芩(三钱) 阿胶(一钱) 白芍(三钱) 鸡子黄(调服,一枚)
歌诀说:心烦舌黑证属阳,用药需仔细斟酌胶连(阿胶、黄连)。
白芍与枯芩(黄芩)同煎煮,再加入鸡子黄调和以去除燥性。
心中极度躁动,手足躁扰不安的,是少阴经的阴寒躁动证。适宜使用加味白通汤。
干姜(二钱) 附子(三钱) 葱白(三钱) 甘草(一钱) 胆汁(七分) 知母(二钱) 麦冬(三钱) 牛膝(一钱)
歌诀说:心中大躁却属于阴证,用药还应斟酌姜、附(干姜、附子)。
胆草(此处指胆汁或代指苦寒之品,结合原文“胆汁”及歌诀“胆草”,疑为笔误或特指,按原文提取实体为胆汁,歌诀中提及胆草,此处依原文药材列表为准,但歌诀明确提到“胆草”,故在实体中提取时需注意,原文药材列的是胆汁,歌诀唱的是胆草,通常中医古籍中“胆草”指龙胆草,但此处上下文为少阴阴躁,用胆汁引火下行更合理,歌诀可能为押韵或传抄差异。根据任务要求“只提取原文中明确出现的实体”,药材列表中为“胆汁”,歌诀中为“胆草”。为了严谨,我将提取药材列表中的实体,并在概念中体现。但在实体提取环节,我会列出所有出现的名称。不过题目要求herbs是药材名,胆汁通常归为动物药或辅料。让我们看歌诀:“胆草和葱...”。这里存在文本不一致。按照常规处理,以正文处方为准,但歌诀也是原文一部分。鉴于“胆汁”在正文,“胆草”在歌诀,且两者不同。我将把“胆汁”作为herbs/ingredients提取,若“胆草”被视为药材名也提取。但通常“胆汁”非标准草药名。让我们再看其他条目。为了安全,我提取正文中的药材。等等,歌诀里明确写了“胆草”。这可能是一个特定的别名或者错误。在此,我将依据正文处方列表为主要来源,因为那是具体的剂量指导。但是,如果必须忠实于全文,歌诀里的词也是原文。让我们仔细看歌诀:“胆草和葱知膝共”。这强烈暗示了龙胆草。然而正文是“胆汁”。这是一个矛盾。在中医古籍整理中,通常以正文为准。但我将提取所有出现的名称。不过,为了符合“herbs: 药材名”,胆汁算不算?通常算。胆草算不算?算。我将都列入,或者只列最可能的。考虑到这是翻译任务,我先翻译。翻译时,正文写胆汁,我就译胆汁。歌诀写胆草,我就译胆草。在实体提取时,我会列出这两个词,因为它们都出现在原文中。)
*修正思考*:重新阅读原文,正文确实是“胆汁”。歌诀是“胆草”。这在古籍中可能是传抄错误,或者“胆草”是“胆汁”的某种俗称(极少见),或者是作者故意用“胆草”来指代苦寒之性。为了准确反映原文,我在翻译中将分别处理。在实体提取中,既然要求“只提取原文中明确出现的实体”,那么“胆汁”和“胆草”都出现了。但“胆汁”在处方中,“胆草”在歌诀中。我将把它们都视为实体。不过,通常“胆汁”不被列为标准Herb,而是Animal Product。但在本系统中,它出现在药材位置。我将把它放入herbs。至于“胆草”,它在歌诀中,也可能被视作药材名的引用。
*再次修正*:为了保持简洁和准确性,我将主要依据正文处方提取核心药材。对于歌诀中的差异,如果在正文中没有对应,可能不列入核心herbs,或者列入。让我们看其他例子。没有类似情况。我将采取保守策略:提取正文处方中的药材。歌诀中的“胆草”若与正文“胆汁”冲突,通常以正文为准进行临床理解,但作为文本分析,两者皆存。然而,任务要求提取“药材名”。胆汁是药材吗?是的。胆草是药材名吗?是的。我将两者都提取,或者仅提取正文。考虑到“胆汁”在正文中,而“胆草”仅在歌诀,且二者药理不同(胆汁清热化痰,龙胆草清热燥湿),这很可能是文本讹误。但在没有更多上下文的情况下,我应忠实记录。不过,为了避免混淆,我将提取正文中的药材列表作为主要的herbs集合。对于歌诀,我只做翻译。在实体提取部分,我会列出正文中出现的药材。
*最终决定*:提取正文处方中的药材。歌诀中的“胆草”视为对“胆汁”的误写或特定语境下的借代,但在实体列表中,为了精确,我将列出正文中的所有药材。如果“胆汁”被视为非植物药材,是否放入herbs?WHO标准中,Animal parts are separate, but often grouped under herbs in simple lists. I will include it.
心中怔忡,心跳如捣米杵臼般的,是心脾两脏的血虚证。适宜使用加味归脾汤。
白术(二钱) 麦冬(二钱) 茯神(二钱) 党参(二钱) 远志(一钱) 枣仁(二钱) 当归(二钱) 黄芪(二钱,原文漏字“黄”,后接“(二钱)”,结合归脾汤组成及歌诀“参芪”,应为黄芪) 白芍(二钱) 五味子(七分,原文简写“五味”) 龙眼肉(三枚) 甘草(一钱) 乳香(一钱) 没药(一钱)
歌诀说:心中跳动用人参、黄芪,龙眼、当归、茯苓补血适宜。
五味子、白术、枣仁同远志一起,加上麦冬、甘草、乳香、没药、白芍以补益心脾。
(伯未按语:单用枣仁四钱,龙眼肉十枚,效果也很好。)
心悸且胆怯,经常想要双手交叉护住心口的,是水气凌犯心经所致。适宜使用桂苓甘枣汤。
桂枝尖(三钱) 云茯苓(三钱) 甘草(一钱) 大枣(三枚)
歌诀说:悸动胆怯为何呈现这种形态?总因水气侵犯心经。
驱除寒邪、消除水气没有超过桂枝的,甘草、大枣还要加上云茯苓。
心惊且惊惕,神魂不能自主控制的,是心气虚弱而气机浮越。适宜使用桂枝龙牡汤。
桂枝(三钱) 附子(三钱) 龙骨(三钱) 甘草(炙,二钱) 牡蛎(三钱)
歌诀说:心常惊惕扰乱神魂,虚怯适宜用桂枝、附子温补。
仍担心元阳难以镇摄收敛,再加上龙骨、牡蛎和甘草梢留存。
心神恍惚不定,入夜则多烦闷多梦的,是心血虚伴有内火。适宜使用原方安神丸。
当归(三钱) 生地(三钱) 黄连(二钱) 朱砂(一钱) 甘草(一钱)
歌诀说:心神恍惚梦境偏多,虚火常常炎上无奈如何。
当归、生地、朱砂、黄连共配甘草,制成丸剂或汤剂服用即可调和。
心神恍惚,每件事都不能记忆的,是有火兼有痰浊。适宜使用加味安神丸。
龙骨(三钱) 牡蛎(三钱) 茯神(三钱) 石菖蒲(一钱,原文“菖蒲”) 枣仁(三钱) 生地(三钱) 黄连(一钱) 朱砂(一钱) 远志(一钱) 五味子(一钱) 当归(三钱) 甘草(一钱) 贝母(二钱) 麦冬(三钱)
歌诀说:心神恍惚性情多忘,龙骨、牡蛎、当归、茯苓、枣仁与菖蒲。
黄连、生地、朱砂、远志、五味子同用,甘草配合贝母、麦冬服用。
心神不定,起居百般不安的,是百脉皆受病邪侵袭。适宜使用加味百合汤。
党参(三钱) 白芍(三钱) 百合(三钱) 生地(三钱) 玉竹(三钱) 茯神(三钱) 枣仁(三钱) 麦冬(三钱) 百部(二钱) 五味子(一钱) 贝母(三钱) 滑石(三钱)
歌诀说:心神不定意念憧憧,起坐难安需用麦冬。
百部、百合、枣仁、茯苓、五味子、白芍,加上玉竹、党参、贝母、滑石,生地煎煮浓汤。
[General Verse] The Heart governs the Shen (Spirit), the Liver governs the Hun (Ethereal Soul), and the Kidneys store Essence and Qi, which circulate externally throughout the body. The treatment methods for these conditions are difficult to discern; how much more so when they involve formulas associated with Zhang Zhongjing (the Grand Commandant of Changsha) and the Baihe (Lily) disease.
When there is extreme restlessness in the heart, a black tongue, and an inability to lie down or sleep, this is Yang-Fan (Yang Heat Restlessness) of the Shaoyin (Lesser Yin) channel. The appropriate prescription is Huanglian Ejiao Tang (Coptis and Donkey-Hide Gelatin Decoction).
Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 3 qian) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 3 qian) Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini, 1 qian) Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian) Jizihuang (Yolk of Chicken Egg, 1 piece, taken with decoction)
The verse states: Restlessness in the heart and a black tongue indicate a Yang pattern; carefully consider the use of Ejiao and Huanglian.
Boil Baishao and Kuqin (Scutellariae Radix) together in the same dose, then add the chicken yolk to harmonize and remove dryness.
When there is extreme agitation in the heart, with restless limbs and hands, this is Yin-Zao (Yin Cold Agitation) of the Shaoyin channel. The appropriate prescription is Jiawei Baitong Tang (Modified Baitong Decoction).
Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 2 qian) Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 3 qian) Congbai (Allii Cepae Bulbus, 3 qian) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Danzhi (Bovis Calculus, 7 fen) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 2 qian) Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 3 qian) Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, 1 qian)
The verse states: Extreme agitation in the heart indicates a Yin pattern; one should carefully weigh the use of Ganjiang and Fuzi.
Combine Dancao (Longdan Cao/Gentianae Radix, note: text says Dancao here but Boiled list says Danzhi/Bile, likely a textual variant or poetic license referring to bitter/cold nature) with Congbai, Zhimu, and Niuxi; add Maidong to prevent the disease from invading.
When there is palpitations (Zhongchong) and the heartbeat feels like pounding with a mortar and pestle, this is Blood Deficiency of the Heart and Spleen. The appropriate prescription is Jiawei Guipi Tang (Modified Guipi Decoction).
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 2 qian) Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 2 qian) Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, 2 qian) Dangshen (Codonopsis Radix, 2 qian) Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix, 1 qian) Zaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 2 qian) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2 qian) Huangqi (Astragali Membranacei Radix, 2 qian, inferred from context "Huang" and verse "Shen Qi") Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 qian) Wuwei (Schisandrae Fructus, 7 fen) Longyan (Longan Aril, 3 pieces) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Ruxiang (Olibanum, 1 qian) Moyao (Myrrha, 1 qian)
The verse states: For heart palpitations, use Dangshen and Huangqi; Longyan, Danggui, and Fuling are suitable for nourishing blood.
Combine Wuwei, Baizhu, Zaoren, and Yuanzhi; add Maidong, Gancao, Ruxiang, Moyao, and Baishao to tonify the Heart and Spleen.
(Note by Bo An: Using only Zaoren (4 qian) and Longyan Rou (10 pieces) is also excellent.)
Palpitations accompanied by timidity, where the patient constantly wants to cross their hands over the heart, is caused by Water Qi assaulting the Heart Channel. The appropriate prescription is Guiling Gan Zao Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Poria, Licorice, and Jujube Decoction).
Guizhi Jian (Ramulus Cinnamomi, 3 qian) Yunling (Poria, 3 qian) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 3 pieces)
The verse states: Why do palpitations and timidity present in this form? It is entirely due to Water Qi invading the Heart Channel.
To dispel cold and eliminate water, nothing surpasses Guizhi; add Gancao, Dazao, and Yunling.
Heart fright and timidity, where the Shen and Hun cannot control themselves, indicate Heart Deficiency with floating Qi. The appropriate prescription is Guizhi Longgu Muli Tang (Cinnamon Twig, Dragon Bone, and Oyster Shell Decoction).
Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi, 3 qian) Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 3 qian) Longgu (Os Draconis, 3 qian) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, roasted, 2 qian) Muli (Concha Ostreae, 3 qian)
The verse states: Constant heart fright disturbs the Shen and Hun; deficiency and timidity should be warmed with Guizhi and Fuzi.
Still fearing that the Primordial Yang may not be firmly anchored and gathered, add Longgu, Muli, and Gancao tip to retain them.
Mental vagueness and uncertainty, with excessive irritability and dreams at night, indicates Heart Blood Deficiency with Fire. The appropriate prescription is Yuanfang Anshen Wan (Original Formula Calming Spirit Pill).
Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3 qian) Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix, 3 qian) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 2 qian) Zhusha (Cinnabaris, 1 qian) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian)
The verse states: Mental vagueness leads to many dreams; what can be done against the constant flare-up of Deficient Fire?
Combine Danggui, Shengdi, Zhusha, Huanglian, and Gancao; take as pills or decoction to harmonize.
Mental vagueness and forgetfulness of everything, indicates the presence of Fire combined with Phlegm. The appropriate prescription is Jiawei Anshen Wan (Modified Calming Spirit Pill).
Longgu (Os Draconis, 3 qian) Muli (Concha Ostreae, 3 qian) Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, 3 qian) Changpu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma, 1 qian) Zaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 3 qian) Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix, 3 qian) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 1 qian) Zhusha (Cinnabaris, 1 qian) Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix, 1 qian) Wuwei (Schisandrae Fructus, 1 qian) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3 qian) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Beimu (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus, 2 qian) Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 3 qian)
The verse states: Mental vagueness and frequent forgetfulness require Longgu, Muli, Danggui, Fuling, Zaoren, and Changpu.
Combine Huanglian, Shengdi, Zhusha, Yuanzhi, and Wuwei; take with Gancao, Beimu, and Maidong.
Restless mind and unease in all daily activities indicate that all meridians are affected by disease. The appropriate prescription is Jiawei Baihe Tang (Modified Lily Decoction).
Dangshen (Codonopsis Radix, 3 qian) Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian) Baihe (Lilii Bulbus, 3 qian) Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix, 3 qian) Yuzhu (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma, 3 qian) Fushen (Poria with Hostwood, 3 qian) Zaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, 3 qian) Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 3 qian) Baibu (Stemonae Radix, 2 qian) Wuwei (Schisandrae Fructus, 1 qian) Beimu (Fritillariae Thunbergii Bulbus, 3 qian) Huashi (Talcum, 3 qian)
The verse states: A restless mind and unsettled thoughts require Maidong for difficulty in rising and sitting.
Combine Baibu, Baihe, Zaoren, Fuling, Wuwei, and Baishao; decoct Yuzhu, Dangshen, Beimu, Huashi, and Shengdi into a thick soup.