典藏书目

Banxia (washed) Guizhi (Cinnamon Twig) Gancao (Honey-fried Licorice Root) in equal parts.
The above three herbs are each separately pounded and sifted, then mixed together. Take one fangcun bi (square-inch spoonful) of the powder mixed with rice water, taken three times a day. If powder cannot be taken, boil one sheng (approx. 200ml) of water for seven boils, add two fangcun bi of the powder, boil for another three boils, remove from fire, let cool slightly, and swallow slowly in small amounts. Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) is toxic and seemingly inappropriate for powder administration.

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Shaoyin disease (Disease of the Shaoyin channel/organ system), where the throat is injured, sores form, speech is impossible, and voice is lost, is primarily treated with Kujiu Tang (Vinegar Decoction).
[Note]
In Shaoyin disease, if sore throat persists and worsens, the pain injures the throat, gradually forming sores, leading to inability to speak and loss of voice; this is inevitable. Kujiu Tang is used: Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) clears phlegm, egg white (Danqing) heals sores, and Kujiu (Vinegar) reduces swelling. Thus, the throat clears and voice returns.
[Collected Notes]
Cheng Zhi stated: Sore throat contraindicates sweating and cold purgation methods. Therefore, the formulas Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction), Jiegeng Tang (Platycodon Decoction), and Kujiu Tang all employ harmonizing methods. Only Banxia San Ji Tang (Banxia Powder and Decoction) employs acrid-dispersing and warm-resolving methods as mentioned in the preceding clause.

Banxia (washed, broken like jujube pits) fourteen pieces. Ji Zi (Chicken Egg, remove yolk, place vinegar inside the shell) one piece.
Place the Banxia into the vinegar within the eggshell. Set the eggshell in a knife ring over fire, boil three times, strain, and hold/swallow slowly in small amounts. If not cured, prepare three more doses.
[Collected Explanations]
Li Gao stated: Generally, Shaoyin diseases often involve throat injury or sore throat. Ancient formulas use vinegar-boiled eggs to treat hoarseness, utilizing its sour-astringent property, which is appropriate. Banxia is acrid and drying; why use it? Since Shaoyin diseases are mostly cold patterns, its acridity allows dispersion. One dispersing and one astringing action achieves the benefit of regulating the throat.
Cheng Zhi stated: According to theory, egg white resembles Heaven, egg yolk resembles Earth. In the previous Huanglian Ejiao Tang (Coptis and Donkey-Hide Gelatin Decoction), egg yolk was used to nourish Kidney Yin. In this Kujiu Tang, egg white is used to moisten Lung Phlegm.

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In Shaoyin disease on the eighth or ninth day, if the whole body and extremities are hot, it is because heat resides in the Bladder, and hematochezia (blood in stool) will certainly occur.
[Note]
Pathogenic factors transmit to Shaoyin but do not transform into Yin-cold patterns nor Yang-heat patterns. This indicates the person's Kidney Qi is originally robust. Although the Zang organ receives pathogenic factors, after lingering for eight or nine days, it transmits to the Fu organs and disperses outward. Taiyang governs the exterior, hence the whole body and extremities become hot. If heat remains in the Wei level, it requires sweating to resolve; if heat returns to the Ying level, it requires epistaxis to resolve. Heat severe in the upper part causes headache, dizziness, and epistaxis; heat severe in the lower part causes abdominal pain, difficulty urinating, and hematochezia; this is logical. When heat is slight and blood abundant, stasis forms blood accumulation; when heat is abundant and blood slight, heat forces blood movement, preventing accumulation. Here, Shaoyin pathogenic heat transfers to the Bladder, damaging the Ying level, forcing blood downward through the lower orifice, thus causing hematochezia.
[Collected Notes]
Cheng Zhi stated: In the previous Shaoyin disease clause, if hands and feet are not cold but rather hot, prognosis is good, indicating Yang Qi is not fully depleted. Here, on the eighth or ninth day, the whole body and extremities are hot, indicating Yin excess internally.
Zhang Lu stated: It is difficult for Shaoyin disease to present with heat; heat implies Yin exhaustion and Yang recovery. Hence, the Shaoyin chapter states that if hands and feet are not cold but hot, prognosis is good. However, by the eighth or ninth day, when Yin pathogens should resolve internally, sudden heat in the whole body and extremities suggests this is not a typical Shaoyin pattern. It likely represents Zang pathology transferring to Fu organs, with Kidney heat transferring to the Bladder. Since the Bladder governs the exterior, the whole body and extremities become hot. The blood in the Bladder is forced by Shaoyin heat to exit through the yin orifices, as Yin governs descending.

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In Shaoyin disease, from the second or third day to the fourth or fifth day, if abdominal pain, dysuria (difficulty urinating), continuous diarrhea, and bloody pus in stool occur, it is primarily treated with Taohua Tang (Peach Flower Decoction).
[Note]
In Shaoyin disease, there are no Yin-pathogen symptoms in the first two or three days. By the fourth or fifth day, abdominal pain and dysuria appear, indicating Shaoyang-Yang pathogenic factors attacking the interior. If abdominal pain were accompanied by dry mouth and throat, transforming into dryness, it would be a purgative indication. Now, abdominal pain and dysuria indicate heat stagnating internally with no outlet for fluids, inevitably pressing down on the Large Intestine causing diarrhea. If prolonged diarrhea damages the Ying level with heat, turning blood into pus, it would be a clearing indication. Now, continuous day-and-night diarrhea with bloody pus indicates heat has decreased with the discharge, revealing Lower Jiao sliding collapse. Thus, Taohua Tang is used to tonify the Middle and secure collapse.
[Collected Notes]
Cheng Wuji stated: In *Jin Gui Yao Lue*, Yang syndrome with internal heat results in fresh red blood; Yin syndrome with internal cold results in dark purple blood resembling pig liver.
Yu Chang stated: Treating diarrhea must first secure the Middle Jiao. If Middle Qi does not sink, sliding collapse has no source and stops naturally. Commentators see Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) used and assume Cold Pathogen injuring Stomach, failing to realize that Heat Pathogen combined with Shaoyin Qi fills the Stomach, hence a small amount of acrid Dried Ginger is added to disperse it.
Cheng Zhi stated: This is the treatment method for diarrhea with bloody pus. Abdominal pain and dysuria are Shaoyin Heat Pathogens; continuous diarrhea with bloody pus indicates blood damage and potential Middle Qi sinking collapse. Thus, Taohua Tang is used to consolidate intestines and stop diarrhea.
Wei Litong stated: This condition involves Heat in the Lower Jiao steaming the Middle Jiao, causing Qi transformation to stagnate due to heat, and loose stools due to excessive heat. Prolonged diarrhea expels turbid matter from intestines and stomach, such as pus and blood. As long as heat persists, diarrhea continues.
Shen Mingzong stated: This pathogen combines with internal dampness, stagnating in the Blood level, resulting in bloody pus in stool.