黄芩（炒） 白芍药（酒炒） 甘草（各三钱）
阴火载血上行，衄而不止者，此方亦主。
黄芩之苦能降火，芍药之酸能收阴，甘草之甘能缓急。
黄 （六钱） 赤茯苓 白芍药 当归 生地黄 阿胶（各三钱）
饥困劳役，动其虚火，致衄不止者，此方主之。
饥困劳役而动其火，其人本虚可知矣。虚火可补，故用黄 、当归、阿胶甘温之品以补
之。然赤茯苓能导丙丁，白芍药能收阴气，生地黄能凉血热。三物者，去血中之热，自是冲
和，与芩、连苦寒之剂殊别。实火宜用连、芩、虚火则惟此类为宜也。或问∶虚火、实火，
何以辨之？余曰∶声高气壮为实火，言而微终日复言为虚火。
人参 黄 （各一钱五分） 麦门冬 当归 甘草 白芍药（各一钱） 五味子（九粒）
暑月衄血，此方主之。
《内经》曰∶必先岁气，无伐天和。故时当暑月，则肺金受克，令人乏气之时也，理宜
清金益气。清金故用麦门、五味。益气故用甘草、参、 ；芍药之酸，所以收其阴。当归之
辛，所以归其血。此亦虚火可补之例也。
百叶榴花（晒干为末）
衄不止者，以此末吹入鼻中，立止。
榴花之红，有使入血。榴花之涩，可使止血。一夫当关，此药近之。
青黛（飞） 栝蒌仁（去油） 诃子肉 海粉（去砂） 山栀（炒黑，等分）
咳嗽痰血者，此方蜜丸噙化。
肺者，至清之脏，纤芥不容，有气有火则咳，有痰有血则嗽。咳者有声之名，嗽者有物
之义也。青黛、山栀所以降火，栝蒌、海粉所以行痰，诃子所以敛肺。然而无治血之药者，
火去而血自止也。
黄芩（炒制） 白芍药（酒炒制） 甘草（各三钱）
阴火（指阴虚产生的虚火）挟带血液上行，导致鼻衄（鼻出血）不止的，此方也主治。
黄芩的苦味能降泄火热，芍药的酸味能收敛阴气，甘草的甘味能缓解急迫症状。
黄芪（六钱） 赤茯苓 白芍药 当归 生地黄 阿胶（各三钱）
因饥饿困乏、过度劳累而引动体内虚火，导致鼻衄不止的，此方主治。
因饥饿困乏和过度劳累而引动虚火，说明此人原本体质虚弱。虚火可以通过补益来治疗，所以使用黄芪、当归、阿胶这些甘温性质的药物来补益它。然而赤茯苓能引导心火下行，白芍药能收敛阴气，生地黄能凉血清热。这三味药能去除血液中的热邪，药性平和冲调，与黄芩、黄连这类苦寒的药物截然不同。实火适宜用黄连、黄芩，虚火则只适宜用此类方剂。有人问：虚火和实火，如何辨别？我说：声音高亢、气息壮盛的是实火，说话声音微弱且终日反复低语的是虚火。
人参 黄芪（各一钱五分） 麦门冬 当归 甘草 白芍药（各一钱） 五味子（九粒）
暑热季节出现鼻衄血的，此方主治。
《内经》说：必须首先顺应岁气变化，不要破坏人体的自然和谐。所以当处于暑热季节时，肺金受到克制，这是让人气力匮乏的时候，按理应当清肃肺气并补益元气。清肃肺气所以使用麦门冬、五味子。补益元气所以使用甘草、人参、黄芪；芍药的酸味，用来收敛阴气。当归的辛味，用来使血液归经。这也是虚火可以通过补益来治疗的例子。
百叶榴花（晒干后研成粉末）
鼻衄不止的，将此粉末吹入鼻中，立即止血。
榴花的红色，有引导药力进入血分的特性。榴花的涩味，可以使血液凝固止血。这正如“一夫当关，万夫莫开”一样，此药的功效接近这种情形。
青黛（飞研处理） 栝蒌仁（去油） 诃子肉 海粉（去砂） 山栀（炒黑，等分）
咳嗽伴有痰中带血的，此方用蜂蜜制成丸剂含化服用。
肺是极其清肃的脏器，不容许丝毫异物侵入，有气逆和火邪就会咳嗽，有痰浊和血液就会嗽出。咳是指有声响的名称，嗽是指有物排出的含义。青黛、山栀用来降泄火热，栝蒌、海粉用来行散痰浊，诃子用来收敛肺气。然而方中没有专门治疗出血的药物，因为火邪去除后血液自然停止外溢。
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, stir-baked) Baishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, wine-fried) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, each 3 qian)
When Yin fire (deficiency fire generated by yin deficiency) carries blood upward, causing persistent epistaxis (nosebleed), this formula is also indicated.
The bitterness of Huangqin can descend fire; the sourness of Shaoyao can astringe yin; the sweetness of Gancao can relieve urgency.
Huangqi (Astragali Radix, 6 qian) Chifuling (Polyporus, 3 qian) Baishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 3 qian) Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens, 3 qian) Ejiao (Colla Corii Asini, 3 qian)
When hunger, fatigue, and overwork stir up deficiency fire, leading to persistent epistaxis, this formula is indicated.
That hunger, fatigue, and overwork stir up fire indicates that the person's constitution was originally deficient. Deficiency fire can be treated by tonification; therefore, Huangqi, Danggui, and Ejiao—substances with sweet-warm properties—are used to tonify it. However, Chifuling can guide Bing-Ding (heart fire) downward, Baishao Yao can astringe yin qi, and Shengdihuang can cool blood heat. These three substances remove heat from the blood; their nature is mild and harmonious, quite different from the bitter-cold preparations of Huangqin and Lian. Excess fire is suitable for treatment with Lian and Huangqin, whereas deficiency fire is best treated with such formulas. One might ask: How are deficiency fire and excess fire distinguished? I say: A loud voice and robust breath indicate excess fire; a faint voice with repetitive murmuring throughout the day indicates deficiency fire.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 1.5 qian) Huangqi (Astragali Radix, 1.5 qian) Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix, 1 qian) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1 qian) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1 qian) Baishao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 1 qian) Wubeizi (Schisandrae Fructus, 9 grains)
For epistaxis occurring during the summer months, this formula is indicated.
The *Neijing* states: "One must first consider the seasonal qi and not disrupt the harmony of heaven and humanity." Thus, when in the summer season, Lung Metal is controlled, leading to a time of qi deficiency; logically, one should clear the metal (lungs) and tonify qi. To clear the lung, Maimendong and Wubeizi are used. To tonify qi, Gancao, Renshen, and Huangqi are used; the sourness of Shaoyao serves to astringe yin. The pungency of Danggui serves to return blood to its vessels. This is also an example where deficiency fire can be treated by tonification.
Baiye Liuhua (Lythri Flos, dried and powdered)
For persistent epistaxis, blow this powder into the nose to stop bleeding immediately.
The red color of Lythri Flos has the property of guiding medicine into the blood level. Its astringent nature can stop bleeding. Just as "one man guarding a pass" holds off thousands, this medicine approximates such efficacy.
Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, levigated) Gualou Ren (Trichosanthis Semen, oil removed) Hezi Rou (Terminaliae Fructus, flesh only) Haifen (Spongilla, sand removed) Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus, stir-baked until black, equal parts)
For coughing with blood-stained sputum, this formula is made into honey pills to be held in the mouth and dissolved slowly.
The Lung is the most pure organ, tolerating no impurity; when there is rebellious qi and fire, there is cough; when there is phlegm and blood, there is expectoration. "Ke" (cough) refers to the sound, while "Sou" (expectoration) refers to the presence of matter. Qingdai and Shanzhi serve to descend fire; Gualou and Haifen serve to move phlegm; Hezi serves to astringe the Lung. Although there are no specific hemostatic herbs in this formula, once the fire is eliminated, the blood stops naturally.