当归 桂枝 芍药 细辛三两 甘草（炙） 通草二两 大枣二十五枚
仲景又曰∶其人素有久寒者加吴茱萸二升、生姜半斤，酒六升，和煮，名四逆加吴茱萸
生姜
厥阴为藏血之经，故当归四逆汤以和营为主，加桂枝、细辛以和卫，营卫和则厥自解矣。
虽有寒而不加姜附者，恐燥烈太过，劫阴耗血也。
柴胡 芍药（炒） 枳实（麸炒） 甘草（炙）
等分为末，水调饮。
四逆散乃表里并治之剂。热结于内，阳气不能外达，故里热而外寒，又不可攻下以碍厥。
故但用枳实以散郁热，仍用柴胡以达阳邪，阳邪外泄，则手足自温矣。
附子（炮）一枚 白术（炒）三两 茯苓 白芍（炒） 生姜三两
北方曰幽都，乃阴寒湿浊之地，赖真武之神，运用水火以镇摄之，浊阴方渐得解散。此
方取名真武，乃专治肾脏之剂。坎之为象，一阳居二阴之中。水中之火，是为真火，此火一
衰，则肾水泛滥。停于下焦，则腹痛自利；水气犯中焦，则作哕，欲吐不吐；水气犯上焦，
则咳嗽、心悸、头眩。方中姜、附以助真阳，用苓、术以制二阴，水气一收，则上中下三焦
俱无病矣。
葱白四茎 干姜一两 附子（炮）一枚 人尿五合 猪胆汁一合
少阴病，下利脉微。服白通汤后，利不止，厥逆无脉，此为阴寒过甚，阳气将绝之候。
加人尿、猪胆汁者，以类相从之义也。服后脉暴出，则阳气尽泄，孤立无根据，故随脱而死。
脉微续者，阳气渐回，以次可复，故得生。外用葱艾熨灸气海、关元。表里通阳，亦为善策。
当归、桂枝、芍药、细辛三两、甘草（炙）、通草二两、大枣二十五枚。
仲景又说：如果患者平素患有久寒之症，则加入吴茱萸二升、生姜半斤，用酒六升，共同煎煮，名为四逆加吴茱萸生姜汤。
厥阴经是藏血的经脉，所以当归四逆汤以调和营血为主，加入桂枝、细辛来调和卫气，营卫调和，四肢厥冷自然解除。
虽然体内有寒邪却不加入干姜、附子，是担心其燥热猛烈太过，会劫夺阴液、耗损血液。
将上述药材等分研为细末，用水调服饮用。
四逆散是表里同治的方剂。热邪结聚于内，阳气不能向外通达，因此出现内部发热而外部发冷的症状，此时又不可使用攻下法以免阻碍厥逆的恢复。
所以只用枳实来疏散郁结的热邪，仍用柴胡来透达阳邪，阳邪向外宣泄，手足自然就会温暖。
附子（炮制）一枚、白术（炒）三两、茯苓、白芍（炒）、生姜三两。
北方被称为幽都，是阴寒湿浊聚集的地方，依赖真武神的威力，运用水火之力来镇摄和化解它，阴寒湿浊之气才能逐渐解散。此方取名“真武”，是专门治疗肾脏疾病的方剂。“坎”卦的象义是一阳爻居于两个阴爻之间。水中的火，称为真火，这真火一旦衰弱，肾水就会泛滥。若停聚在下焦，则会导致腹痛和自发性腹泻；水气侵犯中焦，则会出现呃逆、想吐却吐不出来的症状；水气侵犯上焦，则会出现咳嗽、心悸、头晕目眩。方中使用生姜、附子来辅助真阳，使用茯苓、白术来制约阴寒之水，水气得以收敛，那么上、中、下三焦就都没有疾病了。
葱白四茎、干姜一两、附子（炮制）一枚、人尿五合、猪胆汁一合。
少阴病，表现为腹泻且脉象微弱。服用白通汤后，腹泻不止，出现四肢厥冷且无脉搏，这是阴寒过盛、阳气即将断绝的征候。
加入人尿、猪胆汁，是基于“同类相从”的道理（即利用咸寒苦降之品引阳入阴，避免格拒）。服药后如果脉搏突然暴出，说明阳气完全外泄，孤立无根，因此会随之脱亡而死。如果脉搏微微持续存在，说明阳气逐渐回归，可以依次恢复，因此能够存活。此外，外用葱白和艾绒熨灸气海穴、关元穴，以通达表里的阳气，也是很好的策略。
Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Guizhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra or Radix Paeoniae Alba), Xixin (Herba Asari) 3 liang, Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata with honey) Tongcao (Medulla Tetrapanacis) 2 liang, Dazao (Fructus Jujubae) 25 pieces.
Zhongjing further stated: If the patient has a history of chronic cold pathogen, add Wuzhuyu (Fructus Evodiae) 2 sheng and Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) half jin, decoct together with 6 sheng of wine; this is named Sini Tang plus Wuzhuyu and Shengjiang Decoction.
The Jueyin Meridian is the meridian that stores blood; therefore, Danggui Sini Tang primarily harmonizes Ying (Nutritive Qi). The addition of Guizhi and Xixin serves to harmonize Wei (Defensive Qi). When Ying and Wei are harmonized, limb coldness (Jue) will naturally resolve.
Although there is internal cold, Ginger (Shengjiang/Ganjiang) and Aconite (Fuzi) are not added for fear that their excessive dryness and heat would consume Yin fluids and deplete Blood.
Chaihu (Radix Bupleuri), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Preparated by stir-frying), Zhishi (Fructus Aurantii Immaturus Prepared by bran-frying), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparated with honey).
Grind these into equal parts powder, mix with water, and drink.
Sini San (Bupleurum Powder) is a formula that treats both exterior and interior conditions simultaneously. Heat accumulation internally prevents Yang Qi from reaching the exterior, resulting in internal heat and external cold. In such cases, purgative methods should not be used as they may obstruct the resolution of Jue.
Therefore, only Zhishi is used to dissipate stagnant heat, while Chaihu is retained to vent Yang pathogens. Once Yang pathogens are vented outward, the hands and feet will naturally become warm.
Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) one piece, Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae Prepared by stir-frying) 3 liang, Fuling (Poria), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Preparated by stir-frying), Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) 3 liang.
The North is called Youdu, a place where Yin-cold and damp turbidity gather. Relying on the power of Zhenwu (True Warrior), the interaction of Water and Fire suppresses and resolves it, allowing Yin-turbidity to gradually disperse. This formula is named "Zhenwu" because it specifically treats Kidney diseases. The trigram Kan represents one Yang line situated between two Yin lines. The fire within water is termed True Fire. If this fire declines, Kidney Water overflows. If it stagnates in the Lower Jiao, it causes abdominal pain and spontaneous diarrhea; if Water Qi invades the Middle Jiao, it causes hiccups and retching without vomiting; if Water Qi invades the Upper Jiao, it causes cough, palpitations, and dizziness. In the formula, Ginger and Aconite assist True Yang, while Poria and Atractylodes control the Yin waters. Once Water Qi is restrained, diseases in the Upper, Middle, and Lower Jiao are resolved.
Congbai (Scallion White) four stems, Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Preparatum) 1 liang, Fuzi (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) one piece, Ren Nao (Urine of Human) 5 he, Zhu Danzhi (Gall Bladder of Pig) 1 he.
Shaoyin disease presents with diarrhea and a faint pulse. After administering Bitong Tang, if diarrhea persists, accompanied by limb coldness and absence of pulse, this indicates excessive Yin-cold and impending exhaustion of Yang Qi.
The addition of human urine and pig bile follows the principle of "following similarity" (using bitter-cold substances to guide Yang back into Yin, preventing rejection). If the pulse suddenly emerges violently after administration, it indicates complete leakage of Yang Qi, leaving it isolated and rootless, leading to death due to collapse. If the pulse remains faint but continuous, it indicates gradual return of Yang Qi, which can recover sequentially, thus ensuring survival. Additionally, moxibustion with scallion and mugwort applied externally to Qihai (CV6) and Guanyuan (CV4) acupoints to unblock Yang Qi in both interior and exterior is also an excellent strategy.