人之脏腑皆因触冒以成疾病而脾胃最易受触盖日用饮食稍或过多则停积难化冷热不调则
吐呕
泄痢膏粱者为尤甚盖口腹恣纵不能谨节近用消化药或论饮食既伤于前难以毒药反攻其后不复
使巴豆 砂等药止用曲 之类不知古今立方用药各有主对曲 止
能消化米谷如肉食有伤则非 砂阿魏等药不能治也至于鱼蟹过伤则须用橘皮紫苏生姜果菜有
伤
则须用丁香桂心水饮伤则须用牵牛芫花固不可一概论也必审其所伤之因对用其药则无不愈其
间轻重则随患人气血以增之而已又有一等虚人沉积不可直取当以蜡匮其药盖蜡能粘逐其病又
可久留肠胃间又不伤气能消磨至尽也又有痹气偏虚饮食迟化者止宜助养脾胃则自能消磨不须
用克化药耳病久成积聚 瘕者则
须用三棱鳖甲之类寒冷成积者轻则附子浓朴重则矾石硫黄瘀血结块者则用大黄桃仁之类医者
宜审详之(难峰方)
厨家索粉与掉粉不得近杏仁近之则烂顷有一兵官食粉多成积师以积气元杏仁相半细研为
元五元熟水下数服愈
摭医新说中有人食黄鹩子过多因食鹞子羹遂愈。
有伤粽子成积用曲末加少木香为散盐汤调数日口中闻酒香其积遂散(三说医余)
凡人服食药一例须用巴豆是大不然养生必用方主张青木香元亦未是也巴豆去积牵牛利水
不可
一概用且如伤食米面之类当用神曲麦 伤肉当用阿魏气不快当用丁木香青陈皮磨积块用三棱
蓬术取热积用大黄冷积用巴豆痰积用牵牛血积用干漆此其大略也更以意推之(同上)
人的脏腑都会因为接触外邪或饮食不当而致病，其中脾胃最容易受到损伤。大概是因为日常饮食如果稍微过量，就会停滞积聚难以消化；冷热不调就会导致呕吐、泄泻和痢疾。吃肥甘厚味的人尤其严重。大概是因为口腹之欲放纵，不能谨慎节制。近来使用消食导滞的药物，有的认为饮食既然已经在前面受伤，就难以用猛烈的毒药去攻伐其后，于是不再使用巴豆、砂仁等药，只使用神曲之类的药物。却不知道古今制定方剂和用药各有其主治对应关系。神曲只能消化米谷类食物，如果肉食受伤，则非用砂仁、阿魏等药不能治疗。至于鱼蟹过度食用导致伤害，就必须使用橘皮、紫苏、生姜；果菜受伤，就必须使用丁香、桂心；水饮受伤，就必须使用牵牛子、芫花。绝不可以一概而论。必须审察所伤的原因，对症用药，则没有不痊愈的。其中的轻重程度，则根据患者气血的强弱来增减药量罢了。又有一类虚人患有沉积之症，不可直接攻取，应当将药物包裹在蜡中服用。因为蜡能粘附并驱逐病邪，又可以长时间停留在肠胃之间，又不损伤正气，能使病邪消磨殆尽。又有气机痹阻、偏于虚弱、饮食消化迟缓的人，只适宜帮助滋养脾胃，则自然能消磨积滞，不需要使用克伐消导的药物。患病日久形成积聚、瘕块的，就必须使用三棱、鳖甲之类的药物。因寒冷而成积的，轻者用附子、浓朴，重者用矾石、硫黄。瘀血结块的，则使用大黄、桃仁之类的药物。医者应当仔细审察详辨。（出自《难峰方》）
厨工索要米粉与制作米粉时，杏仁不能靠近，靠近了就会使米粉腐烂。不久前有一位武官吃米粉过多导致积滞，医生用积气和杏仁各一半，细细研磨制成丸剂，用五丸熟水送下，服用数次后痊愈。
《摭医新说》中记载，有人吃黄鹩子过多，因为吃了鹞子羹而痊愈。
有因食用粽子导致积滞的，用神曲末加少许木香研为散剂，用盐汤调服，数日后口中闻到酒香，其积滞便消散了。（出自《三说医余》）
一般人服用食药一律都要用巴豆，这是完全不对的。《养生必用方》主张使用青木香丸，这也未必正确。巴豆用于去除积滞，牵牛子用于利水，不可一概使用。就像伤食米面之类，当用神曲、麦芽；伤肉当用阿魏；气机不畅当用丁香、木香、青皮、陈皮磨化积块；取热积用大黄；冷积用巴豆；痰积用牵牛子；血积用干漆。这只是一般的大略情况。更需凭心意推演推断。（同上）
The viscera and bowels of the human body all become diseased due to exposure to pathogens or improper diet, among which the Spleen and Stomach are most susceptible to damage. This is because if daily food and drink intake is slightly excessive, it will stagnate and accumulate, becoming difficult to digest; if cold and heat are not regulated properly, it will lead to vomiting, diarrhea, and dysentery. Those who consume rich and greasy foods are especially prone to this, largely due to indulgence in appetite without careful moderation. Recently, some practitioners use digestive medicines, arguing that since the diet has already caused injury, it is difficult to attack the aftermath with harsh toxic drugs. Thus, they no longer use drugs such as Crotonis Fructus (Badou) and Amomi Fructus Rotundus (Sharen), but only use things like Medicated Leaven (Qu). However, they do not realize that ancient and modern prescriptions and drug usage each have their specific indications. Medicated Leaven can only digest rice and grain; if meat consumption causes injury, drugs such as Amomi Fructus Rotundus (Sharen) and Ferulae Resina (Awei) are required for treatment. If excessive consumption of fish and crab causes injury, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi), Perillae Folium (Zisu), and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) must be used; if fruit and vegetables cause injury, Caryophylli Flos (Dingxiang) and Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin) must be used; if water retention causes injury, Pharbitidis Semen (Qianniu) and Genkwa Flos (Yuanhua) must be used. One absolutely cannot generalize. One must examine the cause of the injury and apply the corresponding medicine, then there will be no case that does not heal. The severity depends on increasing or decreasing the dosage according to the patient's Qi and Blood. Furthermore, there is a type of deficient person with accumulated deposits who cannot be treated with direct purgation; instead, the medicine should be encapsulated in beeswax. Beeswax can adhere to and expel the pathogen, stay in the intestines and stomach for a long time without damaging healthy Qi, and allow the pathogen to be completely digested. There are also cases where Qi obstruction leads to deficiency and slow digestion of food; these patients should only be helped by nourishing the Spleen and Stomach, so that accumulation can naturally be digested, without needing harsh digestive drugs. For diseases that have lasted a long time and formed accumulations or masses (Jiju, Jia), drugs such as Sparganii Rhizoma (Sanleng) and Testudinis et Plastrum Carapacis et Plastrum Plastrum (Biejia) must be used. For accumulations caused by cold, mild cases use Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi) and Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo), while severe cases use Alumen (Fanshi) and Sulfur (Liuhuang). For blood stasis forming masses, drugs such as Rheii Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang) and Persicae Semen (Taoren) are used. Physicians should examine and analyze carefully. (From *Nanfeng Fang*)
When kitchen staff request rice noodles or process them, Apricot Kernels (Xingren) must not be near them, as proximity will rot the noodles. Previously, a military officer ate too many rice noodles and developed an accumulation. The physician used equal parts of Ji Qi (Accumulation-Resolving Qi-regulating formula) and Xingren, finely ground into pills. Five pills were taken with warm water, and after several doses, he was cured.
*Zhiji Yixin Shuo* records that someone who consumed too much Huanglianzi recovered after eating hawk soup.
For accumulation caused by eating zongzi (sticky rice dumplings), using powder of Medicated Leaven (Qu) mixed with a small amount of Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang) as a powder, taken with salt water, resulted in the accumulation dissipating after a few days when alcohol-like aroma was detected from the mouth. (From *Sanshuo Yiyu*)
It is completely incorrect to assume that everyone must use Crotonis Fructus (Badou) when taking medicinal foods. *Yangsheng Biyong Fang* advocates using Qingmuxiang Wan, which is also not necessarily correct. Crotonis Fructus (Badou) removes accumulations, and Pharbitidis Semen (Qianniu) promotes diuresis; neither should be used indiscriminately. For example, for injuries from rice and flour, one should use Medicated Leaven (Qu) and Hordeum Vulgare Fructus Germinatus (Maiya); for meat injuries, Ferulae Resina (Awei); for stagnant Qi, use Caryophylli Flos (Dingxiang), Aucklandiae Radix (Muxiang), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Qingpi), and Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) to grind down masses; for heat accumulations, use Rheii Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang); for cold accumulations, use Crotonis Fructus (Badou); for phlegm accumulations, use Pharbitidis Semen (Qianniu); for blood accumulations, use Drynariae Rhizoma? No, Qianxi (Ganqi - Dried Resin of Rhus Verniciflua). These are general principles. Further inference should be made based on judgment. (Ibid.)