某见数老人饮食至少其说亦有理内侍张茂则每食不过粗饭一盏许浓腻之物绝不向口老而
安宁
年八十余卒茂则每劝人必曰旦少食无大饱王皙龙图造食物必至精细食不尽一器食包子不过一
二枚尔年八十卒临老尤康强精神不衰王为予言食取补气不饥即已饱生众疾至用药物消化尤伤
和也刘几秘监食物尤薄仅饱即止亦年八十而卒刘监尤喜饮酒每饮酒更不食物啖少果实而已循
州苏侍郎每见某即劝令节食言食少则脏气流通而少疾苏公贬瘴乡累年近六十而传闻亦康健无
疾盖得此力也苏公饮酒而不饮药每与客食未饱公已 匕箸(张太史明道杂志)
方书言食鳖不可食苋温革郎中因并啖之自此苦腹痛每作时几不知人疑鳖苋所致而未审乃
以
二物令小苍头食之遂得病与革类而委顿尤剧未几遽死升其尸置马厩未敛也忽小鳖无数自九窍
涌
出散走厩中唯遇马溺者辄化为水革闻自临视掊聚众鳖以马溺灌之皆即化为水于是革饮马溺遂
瘥或云白马溺尤良温革字叔皮(琐碎录)
陈正卿云顷年与一承局同航船承局者为舟中人言尝为同官差往昌国见白蟹不论钱因买百
金得
数十枚痛饮大嚼且食红柿至夜忽大吐继之以血昏不醒人病垂殆同邸有知其故者忧之忽一道人
云唯木香可解但深夜无此药偶有木香饼子一帖试用之病患口已噤遂调药灌即渐渐苏省吐定而
愈(百一选方)
我见过几位老人,饮食量很少,这种说法也是有道理的。内侍张茂则每次吃饭不过一碗粗饭,浓腻的食物绝对不入口,年老时生活安宁,八十多岁时去世。张茂则每次劝人,必定说:“早晨少吃,不要吃得过饱。”王皙龙图制作食物一定非常精细,吃不完一整器,吃包子也不过一两个而已,享年八十岁,临老依然康强,精神不衰。王皙曾对我说:“饮食只要补气、不感到饥饿就可以了,如果吃得太饱,就会产生各种疾病,等到再用药物去消化,尤其会伤害人体的平和之气。”秘监刘几的饮食尤为清淡,仅仅吃饱就停止,也活到八十岁才去世。刘秘监特别喜欢喝酒,每次喝酒就不再吃东西,只吃少量的水果罢了。循州的苏侍郎每次见到我,就劝我节制饮食,说:“吃得少,那么脏腑之气就能流通,从而减少疾病。”苏公被贬谪到瘴疠之地多年,将近六十岁时,传闻依然健康无病,这大概是得力于这个原因。苏公饮酒但不吃药,每次与客人进食,还没吃饱,他已经放下筷子了。(出自《张太史明道杂志》)
医书说吃鳖不可同时吃苋菜。温革郎中因为一起吃了这两种东西,从此苦于腹痛,每次发作时几乎让人失去知觉。怀疑是鳖和苋菜所致,但未加确证,于是让这两个小童分别食用这两种食物,结果他们得了与温革类似的病,而且更加虚弱萎靡,不久就突然去世了。将他们的尸体放置在马厩中,尚未入殓时,忽然有无数的无数小鳖从九窍涌出,散乱地跑在马厩中,只有遇到马尿的,就立刻化为水。温革听说后亲自前往查看,捧聚众鳖,用马尿浇灌它们,都立刻化为水。于是温革喝下马尿,病也就痊愈了。有人说白马尿尤其好。温革字叔皮。(出自《琐碎录》)
陈正卿说,前些年我与一位承局(官职名)同乘一艘船,这位承局对船上的人说,曾经被同僚差遣前往昌国,看见白蟹不论价钱,于是花百金买了数十枚,痛饮大嚼,并且吃了红柿子。到了夜里,忽然剧烈呕吐,接着吐血,昏迷不醒,病情危急,濒临死亡。同旅馆有一位知道其中缘故的人,对此表示担忧。忽然有一位道士说:“只有木香可以解毒,但深夜没有这种药。”偶然有一帖木香饼子,试用一下。病患口已经紧闭,于是调制药液灌下去,病人就渐渐苏醒,吐止而痊愈。(出自《百一选方》)
I have observed several elderly individuals who consume very little food, and this perspective has its merits. Zhang Maoze, a palace attendant, consumed no more than one bowl of coarse rice per meal and absolutely avoided rich and greasy foods. He lived peacefully in his old age and passed away at over eighty years old. Whenever Zhang advised others, he would always say, "Eat less in the morning; do not eat until fully stuffed." Wang Xi, titled Longtu, prepared food with extreme refinement. If he could not finish a whole vessel of food, he would eat no more than one or two steamed buns. He reached the age of eighty and remained robust and vigorous in spirit until his final days. Wang once told me, "Food should be taken merely to replenish Qi and prevent hunger; if one eats until full, various diseases will arise. Subsequently using medicinal herbs to digest such excess is particularly damaging to the body's harmonious state (He)." Liu Ji, a Secretariat Supervisor, had an even lighter diet, stopping as soon as he felt full. He also lived to eighty before passing away. Supervisor Liu particularly enjoyed drinking alcohol; on occasions when he drank, he ate no solid food, consuming only a small amount of fruit. Vice Minister Su of Xunzhou, whenever he saw me, advised me to regulate my diet, stating, "Eating less allows the Qi of the Zang-Fu organs to circulate freely, thereby reducing illness." When Vice Minister Su was demoted to a miasma-prone region for many years, nearing sixty, it was reported that he remained healthy and free from disease. This was likely due to this practice. Vice Minister Su drank alcohol but did not take medicinal drugs. Whenever he dined with guests, he would put down his spoon and chopsticks before feeling full. (From *Zhang Taishi Mingdao Zazhi*)
Medical texts state that turtle meat should not be eaten together with amaranth. Langzhong Wen Ge suffered from severe abdominal pain after consuming both simultaneously. During attacks, he nearly lost consciousness. Suspecting the combination of turtle and amaranth, but without definitive confirmation, he had two young servants test these two foods separately. They subsequently fell ill with symptoms similar to Wen Ge's, but much more severe and debilitating, and died suddenly shortly thereafter. Their corpses were placed in a stable before burial. Suddenly, countless tiny turtles emerged from their nine orifices and scattered around the stable. Upon encountering horse urine, they instantly dissolved into water. Upon hearing this, Wen Ge personally inspected the scene, gathered the turtles, and poured horse urine over them, causing them to dissolve immediately. Consequently, Wen Ge drank horse urine, and his illness healed. It is said that white horse urine is especially effective. Wen Ge, courtesy name Shupi. (From *Suosui Lu*)
Chen Zhengqing stated that some years ago, he traveled by boat with a Chengju (an official courier). The Chengju told those on board that he had once been dispatched to Changuo by a colleague, where he saw white crabs sold regardless of price. He spent a hundred gold pieces to purchase dozens of them. He drank heavily and ate voraciously, and also consumed persimmons. By nightfall, he suddenly vomited violently, followed by hematemesis (vomiting blood), fell into a coma, and his condition became critical, bordering on death. A fellow traveler who knew the cause expressed concern. Suddenly, a Daoist priest appeared and said, "Only Mugwort Root (Muxiang) can resolve this toxicity, but there is no such medicine late at night." Fortunately, there was a packet of Muxiang Biscuits available for trial. Although the patient's mouth was clenched shut, the medicated paste was administered via force-feeding. The patient gradually regained consciousness, the vomiting ceased, and he recovered. (From *Baiyi Xuanfang*)