三品一条枪者,用砒霜经火锻炼,加糯米饭汁和成细条。其性悍烈热极,误用则烂
肉断筋,肿痛难忍。每有烂通经脉,血出不止害人者。独《外科正宗》载此方,可速删
去,幸诸医籍未选入耳。
起初皮肤红亮 痛,随见细黄水泡,沿散浑身,名HT 皮疮。误用水洗即串烂不救。惟
用黄柏、大黄、生石膏、青黛、芙蓉叶,研末,白蜜、米醋和敷,过二日一换,遂愈。
乳孩,随母身边,夜卧鼻孔之气,易使吹入乳房,则乳内窍孔壅闭,乳汁不通,肿
硬作痛。一乳形有七瓤,后多串肿,溃脓延绵。凡乳有病,其汁多苦,孩不肯吮,须倩
大人吮五六日,乳汁一通,方可收口。
冬令本寒,而反温和,则阳气不藏,使人腠理疏纵,易传为病。有汗不恶风,乍发
热,乍不发热,咳则引胸隐痛。有一候即解者,有二三候方解者,治法同时疫。
初起恶风,发寒发热,头痛有汗,欲衣被覆。盖身体困束,不渴,呕恶,烦闷,脉
浮洪,不似暑症。壮热口渴汗多,只可轻凉方,即桔梗、白菊、葛根、枇杷叶、薄荷、杏
仁,以逐其风,不可过凉过暖之,弊致变。
人体质有虚实之分,禀性有寒热之异。属寒体者,病时宜用凉药中微加温和之品以监
之。若太苦寒败胃,有致吐泻胃寒腹痛之患。属热体者,病时宜用热药者,惟温平品以缓
治,若太燥烈,恐激起本原之火,致烦渴狂暴失血之患。属物理者,或因病变虚,宜用
补帖些少与之。若太呆补,致不食腹胀中满逆气之患。属虚体者,病时宜克伐,尤宜性
缓品。若太峻厉,致虚脱多汗,肢冷,懒言烦躁,欲入水之患。
“三品一条枪”这一方剂,是使用砒霜经过火法炼制后,加入糯米饭汁调和制成细条状。其药性猛烈且热极,如果误用,会导致肌肉腐烂、筋脉断裂,引起难以忍受的肿痛。有时甚至会腐蚀贯通经脉,导致出血不止而危害生命。只有《外科正宗》记载了此方,应当迅速将其删除,幸好其他医籍尚未选录收录。
起初皮肤发红光亮并伴有疼痛,随后出现细小的黄色水泡,散布全身,称为HT皮疮(注:原文缩写,指某种特定皮疮)。如果误用水清洗,就会导致溃烂扩散无法救治。只能使用黄柏、大黄、生石膏、青黛、芙蓉叶,研磨成粉末,再用白蜜和米醋调和外敷,每两天更换一次,即可痊愈。
婴儿睡在母亲身边时,夜间呼吸时鼻孔呼出的热气,容易吹入乳房,导致乳内窍孔闭塞,乳汁不通,乳房肿胀坚硬并产生疼痛。一侧乳房有七个乳络(乳瓤),病情发展后常蔓延至周围组织肿胀,最终化脓且病程迁延。凡是乳房患病,乳汁多味苦,婴儿不肯吸吮,必须请成年人帮忙吸吮五六天,待乳汁通畅后,伤口才能收口愈合。
冬季本应寒冷,却反而温暖,导致阳气不能潜藏,使人腠理(皮肤毛孔及纹理)疏松,容易传播疾病。症状表现为有汗但不怕风,忽冷忽热,咳嗽时牵引胸部隐痛。有的一个节气就能解除,有的需要两三个节气才能解除,治疗方法与当时流行的疫病相同。
初起时怕风,发冷发热,头痛且有汗,想要穿衣盖被覆盖身体。这是因为身体感觉困重束缚,口不渴,恶心呕吐,心烦闷乱,脉象浮洪,不像暑症。如果是高热、口渴、出汗多,只可用轻清的凉性方剂,如桔梗、白菊、葛根、枇杷叶、薄荷、杏仁,用来驱散风邪,不可用药过凉或过热,否则弊端会导致病情变化。
人的体质有虚实的区别,禀赋性质有寒热的差异。属于寒性体质的人,患病时宜在凉药中微微加入温和的药物以制约它。如果过于苦寒损伤胃气,会导致呕吐、腹泻、胃寒腹痛等祸患。属于热性体质的人,患病时宜用热药者,只用温和平缓的药物慢慢治疗,如果过于燥烈,恐怕激起体内的本源之火,导致烦躁、口渴、狂暴、失血等祸患。属于平和体质的人,或者因病转为虚弱,宜稍微给予补益药物。如果过于呆板地进补,会导致食欲不振、腹胀、中焦痞满、气逆等祸患。属于虚性体质的人,患病时宜用攻伐之法,尤其宜选用药性缓和的药物。如果药力过于峻猛激烈,会导致虚脱、多汗、四肢冰冷、懒言、烦躁、想要跳进水中等祸患。
"Sanpin Yitiaoqiang" (Three-Grade Single-Spear) is a preparation made by refining arsenic trioxide (Pishuang, 砒霜) with fire and mixing it with glutinous rice juice to form thin strips. Its nature is fierce and extremely hot; if misused, it causes flesh rot and tendon severance, resulting in unbearable swelling and pain. In some cases, it may corrode and penetrate the meridians, causing unceasing hemorrhage and endangering life. This formula is recorded only in *Waike Zhengzong* (Orthodox Manual of External Medicine), and should be rapidly deleted. Fortunately, other medical texts have not selected it for inclusion.
Initially, the skin appears red and shiny with pain, followed by small yellow blisters that spread over the body, known as HT Pichuang (HT Skin Ulcer). If mistakenly washed with water, it leads to spreading ulceration that is incurable. The treatment involves grinding Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex, 黄柏), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 大黄), Sheng Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 生石膏), Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis, 青黛), and Furongye (Hibisci Malvae Silvestris Folium, 芙蓉叶) into powder, then mixing with white honey and rice vinegar for external application. Change the dressing every two days until healed.
When infants sleep beside their mothers, the warm breath exhaled from their nostrils at night can easily blow into the breast, blocking the milk ducts. This results in blocked lactation, swelling, hardness, and pain in the breast. Each breast has seven lobes (Ru Rang, 乳瓤); later, the swelling often spreads to surrounding tissues, leading to suppuration and a lingering course. In any breast disease, the milk is often bitter, causing the infant to refuse sucking. It is necessary to employ an adult to suckle for five to six days; once the milk flow is unblocked, the wound can heal.
Winter should be cold, but if it is unexpectedly mild, Yang Qi fails to store, causing the Cou Li (pores and interstices) to become loose and relaxed, making one susceptible to disease transmission. Symptoms include sweating without aversion to wind, intermittent fever, and chest dull pain triggered by coughing. Some cases resolve within one solar term, while others take two or three terms. The treatment method is the same as that for seasonal epidemics.
In the initial stage, there is aversion to wind, chills and fever, headache with sweating, and a desire to cover oneself with clothing or blankets. This is due to a feeling of bodily heaviness and constraint, absence of thirst, nausea, vomiting, irritability, and a floating, forceful pulse, which differs from Summerheat syndrome. If there is high fever, thirst, and profuse sweating, only light cooling formulas should be used, such as Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, 桔梗), Baiju (Chrysanthemi Flos, 白菊), Gegen (Puerariae Radix, 葛根), Pipoye (Eriobotryae Folium, 枇杷叶), Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba, 薄荷), and Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, 杏仁), to dispel wind. One must avoid using medicines that are too cold or too hot, as this may lead to adverse changes in the condition.
Human constitutions vary between deficiency and excess, and innate natures differ between cold and heat. For those with a cold constitution, when ill, cool medicines should be slightly mixed with mild-warm agents to moderate them. If overly bitter and cold, they damage the Stomach Qi, potentially causing vomiting, diarrhea, stomach-cold, and abdominal pain. For those with a hot constitution, when ill, if hot medicines are indicated, only mild and neutral agents should be used for slow treatment. If overly drying and acrid, they may ignite the original Fire, leading to restlessness, thirst, mania, and hemorrhage. For those with a balanced constitution, or when illness transforms into deficiency, slight tonification should be provided. However, rigid or excessive tonification may cause loss of appetite, abdominal distension, fullness in the middle jiao, and rebellious Qi. For those with a deficient constitution, when ill, attacking methods are appropriate, especially using gentle agents. If the drugs are too harsh and severe, they may cause collapse, profuse sweating, cold limbs, reluctance to speak, irritability, and a desire to enter water.