味辛，温，无毒。主风寒湿痹，咳逆上气，开心孔，补五脏，通九窍，明耳目，
声。主耳聋，痈疮，温肠胃，止小便利，四肢湿痹，不得屈伸，小儿温疟，身积热不解，可
作浴汤。久服轻身，聪耳明目，不忘，不迷惑，延年，益心智，高志不老。一名昌阳。生上
洛池泽及蜀郡严道。一寸九节者良，露根者不可用。五月十二月采根，阴干。
味苦，温，无毒。主咳逆伤中，补不足，除邪气，利九窍，益智慧，耳目聪明，不忘，
强志倍力，利丈夫，定心气，止惊悸，益精，去心下膈气，皮肤中热，面目黄。久服轻身不
老，好颜色，延年。叶∶名小草，主益精，补阴气，止虚损，梦泻。一名棘苑，一名 绕，
一名细草。生太山及冤句川谷，四月采根叶，阴干。
味甘咸，寒，无毒。主风寒湿痹，乳难，消水，养五脏，益气力，肥健，补虚损
，除五脏痞满，起阴气，止泻精，消渴，淋沥，逐膀胱三焦停水。久服耳目聪明，不饥，延
年，轻身，面生光，能行水上。扁鹊云∶多服病患眼。一名水泻，一名及泻，一名芒芋，一
名鹄泻。生汝南池泽，五月六月八月采根，阴干。
（石菖蒲）味道辛，性温，无毒。主治风寒湿痹阻，咳嗽气逆上冲，开通心窍，补益五脏，疏通九窍，使耳目清明，声音洪亮。主治耳聋，痈疽疮疡，温暖肠胃，止小便频数，治疗四肢风湿痹痛，关节不能屈伸，小儿温热疟疾，身体积热不退，可用作药浴汤剂。长期服用可轻健身体，聪耳明目，记忆力强不遗忘，神志清晰不迷惑，延年益寿，增强心智，志向高远而不衰老。又名昌阳。产于上洛的池泽及蜀郡严道。一寸长有九个节段的品质优良，露出根部的不可使用。五月和十二月采集根部，阴干。
（远志）味道苦，性温，无毒。主治咳嗽气逆损伤中焦，补益不足，祛除邪气，疏通九窍，增进智慧，使耳目聪明，记忆力强不遗忘，意志坚定体力倍增，对男子有益，安定心气，止住惊悸，补益精气，去除心下膈间之气，清除皮肤中的热邪，治疗面目发黄。长期服用可轻健身体而不衰老，面色红润，延年益寿。叶：名为小草，主治补益精气，补养阴气，止住虚损，治疗梦遗泄精。又名棘苑，又名绕，又名细草。产于泰山的山谷及冤句川谷，四月采集根和叶，阴干。
（泽泻）味道甘、咸，性寒，无毒。主治风寒湿痹，乳汁不通，利水消肿，滋养五脏，益气力，使身体肥壮强健，补益虚损，祛除五脏痞满，升发阴气，止住滑精，治疗消渴病，淋沥不尽，驱逐膀胱和三焦停滞的水饮。长期服用可使耳目聪明，不感饥饿，延年益寿，身体轻健，面色光泽，甚至能在水面上行走。扁鹊说：多服会导致患者眼睛患病。又名水泻，一名及泻，一名芒芋，一名鹄泻。产于汝南的池泽，五月、六月、八月采集根部，阴干。
（蛇床子）味道咸，无毒。主治大风疾，乳汁不出，难产，补强阴气。长期服用可轻健身体，五月采集。
（淫羊藿）味道甘，无毒。主治风痹，消渴病，补益肾气，强壮阴精，补益不足，祛除邪湿。长期服用可使面色光泽，但令人无子嗣。九月采集。
(Shichangpu) Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats Bi syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness, cough with rebellious Qi ascending, opens the heart orifices, tonifies the five Zang organs, unblocks the nine orifices, clarifies the ears and eyes, and improves voice quality. It treats deafness, carbuncles and sores, warms the stomach and intestines, stops frequent urination, treats damp-Bi of the four limbs with inability to flex and extend, pediatric warm malaria with accumulated heat that does not resolve, and can be used as a medicinal bath decoction. Long-term use lightens the body, sharpens hearing and vision, prevents forgetfulness, avoids confusion, prolongs life, benefits mind and intelligence, and maintains high aspirations without aging. Also known as Changyang. Grows in pools and marshes of Shangluo and Yandao of Shujun. Those with one cun length and nine nodes are superior; those with exposed roots should not be used. Harvest roots in May and December, dry in shade.
(Yuanzhi) Bitter in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats cough with rebellious Qi damaging the middle Jiao, tonifies deficiency, eliminates pathogenic factors, unblocks the nine orifices, enhances wisdom, clarifies ears and eyes, prevents forgetfulness, strengthens willpower and increases strength, benefits men, stabilizes Heart Qi, stops palpitations due to fright, tonifies essence, removes Qi stagnation below the heart and diaphragm, clears heat in the skin, and treats yellowing of the face and eyes. Long-term use lightens the body and prevents aging, improves complexion, and prolongs life. Leaves: named Xiaocao, primarily tonifies essence, nourishes Yin Qi, stops deficiency damage, and treats nocturnal emission. Also known as Ji Yuan, Rao, and Xicao. Grows in valleys of Mount Tai and Yuanju Chuan. Harvest roots and leaves in April, dry in shade.
(Zexie) Sweet and salty in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats Bi syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness, difficult lactation, reduces edema, nourishes the five Zang organs, boosts Qi and strength, promotes robustness, tonifies deficiency, eliminates fullness and distension in the five Zang organs, raises Yin Qi, stops spermatorrhea, treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst), dysuria, and drives out stagnant water in the Bladder and San Jiao. Long-term use clarifies ears and eyes, prevents hunger, prolongs life, lightens the body, gives a radiant complexion, and is said to enable walking on water. Bian Que stated: excessive consumption causes eye disease in patients. Also known as Shuixie, Jixie, Mangyu, and Hexie. Grows in pools of Runan. Harvest roots in May, June, and August, dry in shade.
(Shechuangzi) Salty in flavor, non-toxic. It primarily treats severe wind disorders, lack of lactation, dystocia, and strengthens Yin Qi. Long-term use lightens the body. Harvest in May.
(Yinyanghuo) Sweet in flavor, non-toxic. It primarily treats wind-Bi, Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst), tonifies Kidney Qi, strengthens Yin, tonifies deficiency, and eliminates pathogenic dampness. Long-term use gives a radiant complexion but may cause infertility. Harvest in September.