帮助寿夭而复治，则不怨冤死。
医者遇病，宜先审其人之将死与否，若贸然定方与药，药纵无害，及死则必归咎于医者，
虽百喙其难辞也。故欲攻医，宜先精相。相者何，望之义也。先生遇病者，先能知其人之寿
夭，此非得自仙传，乃缘临症多使然耳。尝有疾者诣先生求治，先生曰∶“君病根既深，宜
剖脏腑，治之当愈。然君寿不过十年，病不能相杀也。”疾者不堪其苦，必欲除之，先生乃
施破术，应时愈。十年后竟亡。（孙思邈注）
中有所壅，吐为便。医法有不宜明言而奏效甚速者。
仲景治伤寒，以升吐为第一义。先生得医经，亦曾及此。先生尝行道中，见有咽塞者，
因语之曰∶“向者道隅，有鬻饼人，萍荠甚酸，可取二升饮之，病自当去。”其人如先生言，
立吐一蛇，乃悬于车而候先生。时先生小儿，戏于门中，逆见自相谓曰∶“客车旁悬有物，
必系逢我翁也。”及客进顾，视壁北悬蛇以十数，乃知其奇。
按∶先生治此症，精且玄矣。知其腹中有蛇，未尝明言，恐其惧耳。惧则蛇亦畏缩，不
肯随吐而出。医家有以后患，详告病者，致其人不敢服药，令病加剧者，观于先生之治腹蛇，
可
生腥化虫，虽出有伏。
按∶以鱼腥杂碎和糖与粉，埋土中，经宿成虫如蚯蚓，畜鸡者恒以此饲鸡，较他虫速且
繁。盖天道本先生不已，以生物求生物，诚不生而自生也。广陵太守陈登，忽患胸中烦懑，
面赤不食，先生脉之曰∶“使君胃中有虫，欲成内疽，腥物所为也。”即作汤二升服之，至再，
有顷即大呕，中有小虫头赤而能动，其半尚为鱼脍，所苦即愈。先生曰∶“此病后三期当发
，因其中尚有遗种，种难尽绝也。遇良医可救。”及期疾动，佗适他往，登遂死。（孙思邈
注）
帮助延长寿命并治愈疾病，就不会有冤屈而死的情况。
医生遇到病人，应当先审视此人是否即将死亡，如果贸然开方用药，药物即使没有害处，等到病人死亡时，必定会归咎于医生，
即使有一百张嘴也难以推脱责任。所以想要精通医术，应当先精通“相”术。“相”是什么？就是望诊的意思。先生遇到病人，先能知道此人的寿命长短，这并非得自仙人的传授，而是因为临症经验多所致罢了。曾经有病人到先生这里求治，先生说：“您的病根已经很深，应当剖开脏腑治疗，这样才能痊愈。然而您的寿命不超过十年，疾病无法被彻底清除。”病人忍受不了痛苦，一定要去除病痛，先生于是施行手术，当时就痊愈了。十年后病人果然去世。（孙思邈注）
胸中如有壅滞，通过呕吐排出是方便的。医法中有不宜明说但奏效极快的方法。
张仲景治疗伤寒，把催吐作为第一要义。先生得到医学经典，也曾涉及这方面。先生曾经在道路上行走，看见有人咽喉堵塞，
于是对他说：“刚才路边有个卖饼的人，萍荠非常酸，可以取两升喝下去，病自然就会去除。”那人按照先生的话去做，立刻吐出一条蛇，于是把蛇挂在车上等候先生。当时先生的小儿在门中玩耍，远远看见自己对自己说：“客车旁边挂着东西，一定是遇到了我父亲。”等客人进来回头看，看见墙壁北面挂着十几条蛇，才知道先生的神奇。
按：先生治疗这种病症，精妙且玄奥。他知道腹中有蛇，未曾明说，是怕病人恐惧。恐惧则蛇也会畏缩，
不肯随呕吐而出。医生中有因为担心后患，详细告知病人，导致病人不敢服药，使病情加重的情况，观察先生治疗腹蛇的方法，可以明白其中的道理。
生腥之物化为虫，虽然出自潜伏。
按：用鱼腥味杂物混合糖和面粉，埋在土中，经过一夜变成像蚯蚓一样的虫，养鸡的人经常用这个喂鸡，比其他虫子生长速度快且繁多。大概天道生生不息，以生物寻求生物，确实是不生而自生。广陵太守陈登，忽然患上心中烦闷，面色发红不想进食，先生诊脉后说：“使君胃中有虫，将要形成内疽，是腥物造成的。”立即制作汤药两升让他服用，服两次后，不久就剧烈呕吐，吐出小虫头红能动，其中一半还是鱼脍，所受的痛苦随即痊愈。先生说：“这个病三年后会复发，
因为其中还有残留的种子，种子难以完全绝除。遇到良医可以救治。”到了期限疾病发作，华佗恰好外出，陈登于是死亡。（孙思邈注）
To assist in prolonging life and curing diseases, one avoids unjust death.
When a physician encounters a patient, they should first assess whether the person is near death. If a prescription and medication are administered rashly, even if the medicine is harmless, upon the patient's death, blame will inevitably fall on the physician.
It would be difficult to defend oneself despite having a hundred mouths. Therefore, to master medicine, one must first master "Xiang" (observation/inspection). What is "Xiang"? It refers to inspection (Wang Zhen, 望诊), specifically visual examination. When Mr. Hua encountered a patient, he could first determine the person's lifespan. This was not derived from immortal transmission but resulted from extensive clinical experience. Once, a patient sought treatment from Mr. Hua. Mr. Hua said, "Your disease root is deep; it requires dissecting the viscera to cure. However, your lifespan does not exceed ten years, and the disease cannot be completely eradicated." Unable to bear the suffering, the patient insisted on removal of the ailment. Mr. Hua then performed surgery, and the patient recovered immediately. Ten years later, the patient indeed passed away. (Commentary by Sun Simiao)
If there is stagnation in the middle jiao (middle burner), vomiting provides relief. There are medical methods that should not be explicitly stated but yield very rapid effects.
Zhang Zhongjing treated Shanghan (Cold Damage) by prioritizing emesis (inducing vomiting). Mr. Hua, having studied medical classics, also addressed this. Once, while walking on the road, Mr. Hua saw someone with throat obstruction.
He told him, "Earlier by the roadside, there was a pancake seller; the Pingqi (a type of sour vegetable/herb) is very sour. You can take two sheng [approx. 0.4 liters] and drink it; the illness will naturally go away." The person followed Mr. Hua's advice and immediately vomited up a snake. He then hung the snake on his carriage and waited for Mr. Hua. At that time, Mr. Hua's young son was playing inside the gate. Seeing the scene, the boy said to himself, "There is something hanging beside the guest carriage; it must be because he met my father." When the guest entered and looked back, seeing dozens of snakes hanging on the north wall, he realized Mr. Hua's miraculous nature.
Note: Mr. Hua's treatment of this condition was exquisite and profound. Knowing there was a snake in the abdomen, he did not explicitly state it, fearing the patient's terror. Fear causes the snake to shrink,
preventing it from being expelled via vomiting. Some physicians, worrying about future complications, explain details too thoroughly to patients, causing them to refuse medication and worsening the illness. Observing Mr. Hua's treatment of abdominal snakes illustrates this point.
Raw fishy substances transform into parasites, though they originate from hidden sources.
Note: Mixing fishy offal with sugar and flour, and burying it in the soil overnight produces worms resembling earthworms. Poultry keepers often use this to feed chickens, as they grow faster and more abundantly than other insects. This reflects the Heavenly Dao's endless generation; seeking life through living things results in spontaneous generation without deliberate creation. Chen Deng, the Grand Administrator of Guangling, suddenly suffered from chest distress and fullness, red face, and loss of appetite. Mr. Hua took his pulse and said, "Sir, you have parasites in your stomach, which will form Neiju (Internal Carbuncle/Abscess), caused by raw fishy foods." He immediately prepared a decoction (Tang), two sheng in volume, for him to take. After taking it twice, within a short while, he vomited violently. Small worms with red heads that could move were found, half of which were still part of the raw fish sashimi. His suffering was immediately relieved. Mr. Hua said, "This disease will recur in three years,
because residual eggs remain in the body; these eggs are difficult to completely eradicate. With a good physician, it can be saved." When the time came for the disease to flare up, Hua Tuo happened to be away, and Chen Deng subsequently died. (Commentary by Sun Simiao)