梁济民因膏粱而饮。因劳心过度。肺气有伤。以致气出腥臭。唾涕稠粘。口舌干燥。以加减泻白散
主之。难经云。心主五臭。入肺为腥臭。此其一也。
【加减泻白散】
桑白皮（三钱） 桔梗（二钱） 地骨皮 甘草（炙。各一钱半）
知母（七分） 麦门冬 黄芩（各五分） 五味子（二十个）
上 咀。作一服。水二盏。煎至一盏。去渣温服。食后。忌酒面辛热之物。日进二服。论曰。
梁氏膏粱之子。因洪饮大热之气所伤。滋溢心火。刑于肺金。故以桑白皮、地骨皮苦微寒降肺中
伏火而补气。用以为君。黄芩、知母苦寒。治气息腥臭。清利肺气。用以为臣。肺欲收、急食酸以
收之。五味子之酸温以收肺气。麦门冬甘苦寒、治涕唾稠粘、口舌干燥。用以为佐。桔梗体轻辛温
。治痰逆、利咽膈。为使也。
逆调论云。膀胱移热于小肠。膈肠不便。上为口糜。心胃壅热。水谷不转。下传小肠。以导赤散
去小肠。热五苓散泻膀胱热。故以导赤散、调五苓散主之。
【胡黄连散】治口糜。（麻孝卿传）
胡黄连（五分） 细辛 宣黄连（各三钱） 藿香（一钱）
上四味为末。每用半钱。干糁口内。漱千漱吐之。
【绿袍散】治老幼口疮。多时不效者。
黄柏（四两） 甘草（炙。二两） 青黛（一两）
上先杵二味为末。入青黛同研匀。每用半钱。干糁口内。忌醋、酱、盐一二日。
【黄连升麻散】治口舌生疮。
升麻（一两半） 黄连（七钱半）
上为末。绵裹含。咽汁。
【多效散】治唇紧疼及疮。
诃子肉 五倍子（各等分）
上为末。用少许干粘唇上。立效。
【红芍药散】歌曰
心病口疮。 紫桔红苍。 三钱四两。五服安康。
上用紫菀、桔梗、红芍药、苍术等分为末。羊肝四两。批开糁药三钱。麻扎定。火内烧令香熟
。空心食之。大效。后用白汤下。
【遗山牢牙散】王汉卿所传方。云折太守得之于李节使。折得此方。九十余岁。牙齿都
不曾疏豁。及无疼
痛。汉卿今八十九岁。食肉能齿决之。知此方如神也。
茯苓 石膏 龙骨（各一两） 寒水石
白芷（各半两） 细辛（三钱） 石燕子（大者一枚。小者用一对）
上七味为末。早辰用药刷牙。晚亦如之。
【玉池散】治风蛀牙疼、肿痛。
当归 本 地骨皮 防风
白芷 槐花 川芎 甘草
升麻 细辛（各等分）
上为末。每用少许揩牙。痛甚即取二钱。水一盏半。黑豆半合。生姜三片。煎至一盏。稍温
漱口。候冷吐之。
【救苦散】治一切牙疼及塞风 牙疼。
川乌 草乌 桂花 良姜
红豆 胡椒 荜茇 细辛（各半钱）
石膏 官桂（各三钱）
上为末。先漱净。里外干糁之。出涎立愈。
【荜茇散】治风 牙疼。兼治偏正头疼。
荜茇（二钱） 良姜（各一钱） 草乌（去皮尖。五分）
上为末。每用半字。先含水一口。应痛处鼻内 上。吐了水。用指粘药。擦牙疼处立定。
【麝香散】治牙疼。（麻孝卿传）
铜绿（五钱） 白芨（二钱半） 白蔹（三钱半） 白矾（二钱半）
麝香（一钱）
上为末。用麝香研细入药和匀。每用少许。贴于牙患处。
【乳香丸】治走马牙疳如神。
明乳香 轻粉（各半钱） 砒（半分。研） 麝香（少许）
上先将乳香在钵内。令一人执钵。水盆内浸钵底。一人研乳香如粉细。取出。入轻粉、麝香、
砒、再研细和匀。每用以薄纸一韭叶阔。去药内按过 纸少许。丸如黄豆大。夜卧先漱口齿净。后
以细杖子粘药丸。
札牙疳处。至明便效。忌酱、醋、盐。
梁济民因为长期食用肥甘厚味而饮酒。又因劳心过度，导致肺气受损，从而出现呼气腥臭、唾液和鼻涕粘稠、口舌干燥的症状。以加减泻白散为主方进行治疗。《难经》说：“心主宰五种气味，进入肺脏则表现为腥臭。”这是其中一种情况。
【加减泻白散】
桑白皮（三钱） 桔梗（二钱） 地骨皮 甘草（炙，各一钱半）
知母（七分） 麦门冬 黄芩（各五分） 五味子（二十个）
以上药材切碎，作为一剂服用。加水两盏，煎煮至一盏，去渣后温服。饭后服用，忌食酒、面食及辛辣温热之物。每日服用两次。
论述说：
梁氏是享用膏粱厚味的子弟，因大量饮用大热之气损伤身体，导致心火亢盛，克制肺金。因此用桑白皮、地骨皮苦微寒之性，降泄肺中伏火并补益肺气，作为君药；黄芩、知母苦寒，治疗气息腥臭，清利肺气，作为臣药；肺喜收敛，急需用酸味食物来收敛它，故用五味子的酸温之性来收敛肺气；麦门冬甘苦寒，治疗涕唾粘稠、口舌干燥，作为佐药；桔梗体轻辛温，治疗痰气上逆、利咽膈，作为使药。
《逆调论》说：“膀胱的热邪转移至小肠，导致胸膈与肠道不通畅，向上发展为口糜（口腔黏膜溃烂）。心胃壅滞积热，水谷运化停滞，向下传至小肠。”因此用导赤散去除小肠热，用五苓散泻膀胱热。所以以导赤散配合五苓散为主方进行治疗。
【胡黄连散】治疗口糜。（由麻孝卿传授）
胡黄连（五分） 细辛 宣黄连（各三钱） 藿香（一钱）
以上四味药研成粉末。每次取半钱，干撒在口腔内，漱口多次后吐出。
【绿袍散】治疗老人和儿童口疮，久治不愈者。
黄柏（四两） 甘草（炙，二两） 青黛（一两）
先将前两种药捣碎研成粉末，加入青黛共同研磨均匀。每次取半钱，干撒在口腔内。忌食醋、酱、盐一二日。
【黄连升麻散】治疗口舌生疮。
升麻（一两半） 黄连（七钱半）
以上研成粉末，用棉布包裹含在口中，咽下汁液。
【多效散】治疗嘴唇紧缩疼痛及疮疡。
诃子肉 五倍子（各等分）
以上研成粉末，取少许干粘在嘴唇上，立即见效。
【红芍药散】歌诀曰：
心病口疮，紫桔红苍。三钱四两，五服安康。
以上用紫菀、桔梗、红芍药、苍术等分为末。取羊肝四两，剖开，掺入药末三钱，用麻线扎紧。在火中烧至香熟。空腹食用，效果显著。之后用白开水送服。
【遗山牢牙散】为王汉卿所传的方子，据说折太守是从李节使那里得到的。折太守得到此方后，九十多岁牙齿都没有松动脱落，也没有疼痛。王汉卿今年八十九岁，吃肉能用牙齿咬断，知道此方如神一般灵验。
茯苓 石膏 龙骨（各一两） 寒水石
白芷（各半两） 细辛（三钱） 石燕子（大的一个，小的用一对）
以上七味药研成粉末。早晨用药刷牙，晚上也这样做。
【玉池散】治疗风蛀牙疼、肿痛。
当归 本（藁本） 地骨皮 防风
白芷 槐花 川芎 甘草
升麻 细辛（各等分）
以上研成粉末。每次取少许揩擦牙齿。疼痛严重时取二钱，加水一盏半，黑豆半合，生姜三片，煎煮至一盏，稍温后漱口，待冷后吐出。
【救苦散】治疗各种牙疼及塞风牙疼。
川乌 草乌 桂花 良姜
红豆 胡椒 荜茇 细辛（各半钱）
石膏 官桂（各三钱）
以上研成粉末。先漱口干净，内外干撒药粉，流出涎液后立即痊愈。
【荜茇散】治疗风邪引起的牙疼。兼治偏头痛和正头痛。
荜茇（二钱） 良姜（各一钱） 草乌（去皮尖，五分）
以上研成粉末。每次取半字量，先含一口水，将药粉吹入疼痛对应的鼻孔内，吐掉口水，用手指蘸药涂抹在牙疼处，立止疼痛。
【麝香散】治疗牙疼。（由麻孝卿传授）
铜绿（五钱） 白芨（二钱半） 白蔹（三钱半） 白矾（二钱半）
麝香（一钱）
以上研成粉末。用麝香研细后与药物混合均匀。每次取少许，贴在牙齿患处。
【乳香丸】治疗走马牙疳（一种严重的牙龈坏死性疾病），效果如神。
明乳香 轻粉（各半钱） 砒（半分，研细） 麝香（少许）
先将乳香放入钵中，让一人端着钵，将钵底浸在水盆中，另一人研磨乳香至如粉般细腻，取出。加入轻粉、麝香、砒，再次研磨细并混合均匀。每次取一张韭菜叶宽度的薄纸，除去纸上多余的药粉，制成如黄豆大小的药丸。夜间睡觉前先漱口齿干净，然后用细棍粘取药丸，扎在牙疳患处，到第二天早晨便见效。忌食酱、醋、盐。
Liang Jimin consumed rich foods and alcohol. Due to excessive mental labor, his Lung Qi was injured, resulting in foul-smelling breath, thick and sticky saliva and nasal discharge, and dryness of the mouth and tongue. The primary formula used was Jiajian Xiebai San (Modified White-Lung-Draining Powder). *Nan Jing* states: "The Heart governs the five odors; when it enters the Lung, it manifests as a fishy odor." This is one such case.
[Jiajian Xiebai San]
*Sanbaidi* (Mulberry Bark) (3 qian) *Jiegeng* (Platycodon Root) (2 qian) *Digupi* (Groundcherry Root Bark) *Gancao* (Licorice Root), roasted (1.5 qian each)
*Zhimu* (Anemarrhena Rhizome) (0.7 qian) *Maimendong* (Ophiopogon Tuber) *Huangqin* (Scutellaria Root) (0.5 qian each) *Wuweizi* (Schisandra Fruit) (20 berries)
Crush the herbs above into coarse pieces. Prepare as one dose. Add two zhan of water, decoct until one zhan remains, strain, and take warm. Take after meals. Avoid alcohol, wheat products, and spicy-hot substances. Take twice daily.
Commentary:
Mr. Liang, accustomed to rich and greasy foods, was injured by excessive intake of hot qi, causing Heart Fire to overflow and oppress Lung Metal. Therefore, *Sanbaidi* and *Digupi*, with their bitter and slightly cold properties, are used to descend latent fire in the Lung and tonify Qi, serving as the Sovereign herbs. *Huangqin* and *Zhimu*, with their bitter and cold properties, treat the foul breath and clear and benefit Lung Qi, serving as the Minister herbs. The Lung desires astringency; urgently, sour substances should be eaten to astringe it. Thus, the sour and warm *Wuweizi* is used to astringe Lung Qi. *Maimendong*, with its sweet, bitter, and cold properties, treats thick sticky discharge and dry mouth and tongue, serving as the Assistant herb. *Jiegeng*, light and pungent-warm, treats rebellious phlegm and benefits the throat and diaphragm, serving as the Envoy herb.
*Nidiao Lun* states: "Heat from the Bladder transfers to the Small Intestine, causing obstruction in the chest-diaphragm and intestines, ascending to become oral ulcers (Koumi). Heat stagnating in the Heart and Stomach causes food and water to fail to transform, transmitting downward to the Small Intestine." Therefore, Daochi San is used to clear heat from the Small Intestine, and Wuling San is used to drain heat from the Bladder. Thus, Daochi San combined with Wuling San is used as the primary treatment.
[Huhuanglian San] Treats oral ulcers. (Transmitted by Ma Xiaoqing)
*Huhuanglian* (Coptidis Rhizoma alternative/Fo-Ti root?) (0.5 qian) *Xixin* (Asarum Root) *Xuanhuanglian* (Scutellaria Baicalensis Root?) (3 qian each) *Huoxiang* (Pogostemon Herb) (1 qian)
Grind the four herbs above into powder. Use half a qian each time, sprinkle dryly into the mouth, rinse multiple times, and spit out.
[Lvpaosan] Treats oral ulcers in the elderly and children that have been refractory for a long time.
*Huangbai* (Phellodendron Bark) (4 liang) *Gancao* (Licorice Root), roasted (2 liang) *Qingdai* (Indigo Naturalis) (1 liang)
First pound the first two ingredients into powder, mix evenly with Qingdai. Use half a qian each time, sprinkle dryly into the mouth. Avoid vinegar, soy sauce, and salt for one to two days.
[黄连升麻散] Treats sores on the mouth and tongue.
*Shengma* (Cimicifuga Rhizome) (1.5 liang) *Huanglian* (Coptis Rhizome) (0.75 liang)
Grind into powder. Wrap in cotton wool and hold in the mouth, swallowing the juice.
[Duxiaosan] Treats tight, painful lips and sores.
*Hezi Rou* (Areca Seed Flesh) *Wubeizi* (Galla Chinensis) (equal parts)
Grind into powder. Apply a small amount dryly to the lips. Immediate effect.
[Hongshaoyaosan] Song says:
Heart disease oral ulcers, Zi Ju Hong Cang. Three qian four liang, five doses bring health.
Use *Ziwann* (Aster Root), *Jiegeng* (Platycodon Root), *Hong Shaoyao* (Red Peony Root), *Cangzhu* (Atractylodes Rhizome) ground into equal parts powder. Take 4 liang of sheep liver, slice open, sprinkle 3 qian of medicine inside, tie tightly with hemp thread. Roast in fire until fragrant and cooked. Eat on an empty stomach. Great effect. Afterwards, wash down with plain boiled water.
[Yishan Laoya San] Formula transmitted by Wang Hanqing, said to be obtained by Governor Zhe from Marshal Li Jieshi. After obtaining this formula, Governor Zhe, over ninety years old, had teeth that were not loose or falling out, nor did he experience pain. Wang Hanqing is now eighty-nine years old and can bite through meat with his teeth, knowing this formula is miraculous.
*Fuling* (Poria) *Shigao* (Gypsum Fibrosum) *Longgu* (Fossilized Bones) (1 liang each) *Han Shuishishi* (Calcitum)
*Baizhi* (Angelica Dahurica Root) (0.5 liang each) *Xixin* (Asarum Root) (3 qian) *Shiyanzi* (Swallow's Nest Stone) (one large, or a pair of small ones)
Grind the seven herbs above into powder. Brush teeth with the medicine in the morning, and similarly at night.
[Yuchi San] Treats wind-borer toothache and swelling/pain.
*Danggui* (Angelica Sinensis Root) *Ben* (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome alternative/Ligusticum Wallichii?) *Digupi* (Groundcherry Root Bark) *Fangfeng* (Saposhnikovia Root)
Baizhi (Angelica Dahurica Root) *Huaihua* (Sophora Flower) *Chuanxiong* (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome) *Gancao* (Licorice Root)
*Shengma* (Cimicifuga Rhizome) *Xixin* (Asarum Root) (equal parts)
Grind into powder. Rub a small amount on the teeth each time. If pain is severe, take 2 qian, add 1.5 zhan of water, half he of black beans, three slices of ginger, decoct until one zhan remains. Rinse mouth with it while slightly warm, spit out when cool.
[Jiuku San] Treats all types of toothache and wind-obstruction toothache.
*Chuanwu* (Aconitum Carleilii Root) *Caowu* (Aconitum Kusnezoffii Root) *Guihua* (Osmanthus Flower) *Liangjiang* (Alpinia Officinarum Rhizome)
*Hongdou* (Adenanthera Pavonina Seed) *Hujiao* (Pepper) *Bibo* (Long Pepper Fruit) *Xixin* (Asarum Root) (0.5 qian each)
*Shigao* (Gypsum Fibrosum) *Guangui* (Cinnamon Bark) (3 qian each)
Grind into powder. Rinse mouth clean first, then sprinkle dryly inside and out. Saliva will flow out, and healing occurs immediately.
[Bibo San] Treats wind-toothache. Also treats lateral and frontal headaches.
*Bibo* (Long Pepper Fruit) (2 qian) *Liangjiang* (Alpinia Officinarum Rhizome) (1 qian each) *Caowu* (Aconitum Kusnezoffii Root), peeled and core removed (0.5 qian)
Grind into powder. Use half a zi amount each time. First hold a mouthful of water, blow the medicine into the nostril corresponding to the painful area, spit out the water, use a finger to apply the medicine to the painful tooth area. Pain stops immediately.
[Shexiang San] Treats toothache. (Transmitted by Ma Xiaoqing)
*Tonglü* (Verdigris) (5 qian) *Baiji* (Bletilla Rhizome) (2.5 qian) *Bailian* (Pueraria Lobata Root) (3.5 qian) *Bai Fan* (Alumen) (2.5 qian)
*Shexiang* (Musk) (1 qian)
Grind into powder. Grind Musk finely and mix evenly with the medicine. Use a small amount each time, apply to the affected tooth.
[Ruxiang Wan] Treats Gangrenous Gingivitis (Zouma Yagan) miraculously.
*Ming Ruxiang* (Frankincense) *Qingfen* (Calomelas) (0.5 qian each) *Pi* (Arsenic Trioxide) (0.5 fen, ground) *Shexiang* (Musk) (a little)
First place Ruxiang in a mortar. Have one person hold the mortar, immersing the bottom in a basin of water, while another person grinds the Ruxiang until fine as powder. Remove it. Add Qingfen, Shexiang, and Pi, grind finely again, and mix evenly. Each time, take a piece of thin paper the width of a leek leaf, remove excess medicine pressed onto the paper, and form pills the size of soybeans. Before sleeping at night, rinse teeth clean first. Then use a thin stick to adhere the pill to the gangrenous gingiva site. Effective by morning. Avoid soy sauce, vinegar, and salt.