春刺夏分,肺乱气微,入淫骨髓,病不能愈,又且少气;春刺秋分,筋挛逆气,环为
咳嗽,病不愈,令人时惊,又且哭;春刺冬分,邪气着脏,令人胀,病不愈,又且欲言。
夏刺春分,病不愈,令人懈惰;夏刺秋分,病不愈,令人欲无言,惕惕如人将捕之;夏刺冬
分,病不愈,令人少气,时欲怒。秋刺春分,病不已,令人惕然,欲有所为,起而忘之;
秋刺夏分,病不已,令人益嗜卧,又且善梦;秋刺冬分,病不已,令人洒洒时寒。冬刺春
分,病不已,令人欲卧不能眠,眠而有见;冬刺夏分,病不已,令人上气,发为诸痹;冬刺
秋分,病不已,令人善泻。
春刺络肺,血气外溢,令人少气;春刺肌肉,血气环逆,令人上气;春刺筋骨,
血气内着,令人腹胀。夏刺经脉,血气乃竭,令人解 ;夏刺肌肉,血气内却,令人善
恐;夏刺筋骨,血气上逆,令人善怒。秋刺经脉,血气上逆,令人善忘;秋刺络脉,气
不外行,令人卧不欲动;秋刺筋骨,血气内散,令人寒栗。冬刺经豚,
血气皆脱,令人目不明;冬刺络脉,内气外泄,留为大痹;冬刺肌肉,阳气竭绝,
令人善忘。凡此四时刺者,大逆之病,不可不从也。反之则生乱,气相淫病焉。
凡刺胸腹者,必避五脏。中心者,环死,其动为噫;中肝者,五曰死,其动为语;中
脾者,十日死,其动为吞,中肾者,六日死,其动为嚏;中肺者,三日死,其动为咳;
中胆者,一日死,其动为呕;中膈者,皆为伤中,其病虽愈,不过一岁必死。刺避五脏
者,知逆从也。所谓从者,膈与脾肾之处,不知者反之。
刺足跗,中大肺,血出不止者,死。刺面上,中溜脉,不幸为盲。刺头,中脑户,入
脑,立死。刺舌下,中大脉太过,血出不止,为喑。刺足下布络,中脉,血出不止,为
肿。刺 中,(委中穴也)。中大脉,令人仆,脱色。刺气冲,中脉,血不出,为肿,鼠
仆。刺脊间,中髓,为伛。刺乳中,中乳房,为肿,根蚀。刺缺盆中内陷,气泄,令人喘
咳逆。刺手鱼腹,内陷为肿。
无刺大醉,令人气乱;无刺大怒,令人气逆。无刺大劳人,无刺新饱人,无刺大渴人。
无刺 之热,无刺浑浑之脉,无刺漉漉之汗,无刺病与脉相逆者。新内勿刺,已刺勿
内;已醉勿刺,已刺勿醉。新怒勿刺,已刺勿怒;新劳勿刺,已刺勿劳。已饱勿刺,已刺
勿饱;已饥勿刺,已刺勿饥。已渴勿刺,已刺勿渴。乘车来者,
卧而休之,如食顷乃刺之;出行来者,坐而休之,如行十里乃刺之。大惊大怒,必定
其气,乃刺之。 门而刺之者,死于家中;入门而刺之者,死于堂上。刺阴股,中大
脉,血出不止,死。刺客主人,内陷中脉,为内漏,为聋。刺膝膑出液,为跛;刺臂大
阴脉出血,多立死。刺足少阴脉重虚出血,为舌难以言;刺膺中,陷中脉,
为喘逆仰息。刺 中,内陷,气归之,不得屈伸。刺阴股下三寸,内陷,令人遗溺。
刺腋下,胁间内陷,令人咳;刺小腹,中膀胱,溺出,令人小腹满。刺 肠内陷,为肿;
刺匡上陷骨中脉,为漏为盲。刺关节,液出,不得屈伸。
在春季针刺本应在夏季治疗的部位,会导致肺气紊乱、气机微弱,邪气深入骨髓,疾病无法痊愈,并且会出现气短的症状;在春季针刺本应在秋季治疗的部位,会导致筋脉拘挛、气机上逆,环绕咽喉引发咳嗽,疾病不愈,使人时常惊恐,并且会哭泣;在春季针刺本应在冬季治疗的部位,邪气附着于内脏,使人腹胀,疾病不愈,并且想要说话。
在夏季针刺本应在春季治疗的部位,疾病不愈,使人懈怠懒惰;在夏季针刺本应在秋季治疗的部位,疾病不愈,使人想不说话,心中惕惕不安,好像有人要抓捕自己一样;在夏季针刺本应在冬季治疗的部位,疾病不愈,使人气短,时常想要发怒。
在秋季针刺本应在春季治疗的部位,疾病不愈,使人惊恐不安,想做某事,但起身后就忘记了;在秋季针刺本应在夏季治疗的部位,疾病不愈,使人更加嗜睡,并且容易做梦;在秋季针刺本应在冬季治疗的部位,疾病不愈,使人时时感到寒冷战栗。
在冬季针刺本应在春季治疗的部位,疾病不愈,使人想躺卧却睡不着,睡眠中会产生幻觉;在冬季针刺本应在夏季治疗的部位,疾病不愈,使人气逆上冲,引发各种痹证;在冬季针刺本应在秋季治疗的部位,疾病不愈,使人容易腹泻。
在春季针刺络脉和肺经,导致血气外溢,使人气短;在春季针刺肌肉层,导致血气循环逆乱,使人气逆上冲;在春季针刺筋骨层,导致血气内聚,使人腹胀。
在夏季针刺经脉,导致血气枯竭,使人肢体懈怠无力;在夏季针刺肌肉层,导致血气内退,使人容易恐惧;在夏季针刺筋骨层,导致血气上逆,使人容易发怒。
在秋季针刺经脉,导致血气上逆,使人容易健忘;在秋季针刺络脉,导致气不能向外运行,使人躺卧而不愿活动;在秋季针刺筋骨层,导致血气内散,使人寒战发抖。
在冬季针刺经脉,导致血气皆脱失,使人视力不明;在冬季针刺络脉,导致体内之气外泄,留滞成为严重的痹证;在冬季针刺肌肉层,导致阳气竭绝,使人容易健忘。以上这些违反四季规律进行针刺的情况,都是大逆之病,不可不重视。如果违背了这些原则,就会导致气机混乱,产生相互侵淫的疾病。
凡是针刺胸腹部的,必须避开五脏。如果刺中心脏,患者会在一天内死亡,其表现为嗳气;刺中肝脏,患者会在五天内死亡,其表现为多言;刺中脾脏,患者会在十天内死亡,其表现为吞咽动作频繁;刺中肾脏,患者会在六天内死亡,其表现为打喷嚏;刺中肺脏,患者会在三天内死亡,其表现为咳嗽;刺中胆腑,患者会在一天内死亡,其表现为呕吐;刺中膈膜,都会损伤中气,即使病症暂时痊愈,不超过一年也必然死亡。针刺时避开五脏,关键在于懂得顺应与逆反的规律。所谓“从”(顺应),是指对于膈、脾、肾所在的部位要谨慎对待,不了解这一点就会犯错误。
针刺足背,如果误伤大肺脉,出血不止的,会死亡。针刺面部,如果误伤溜脉,不幸会导致失明。针刺头部,如果误伤脑户穴,针入脑部,立即死亡。针刺舌下,如果误伤大脉且放血过多,出血不止,会导致失音。针刺足底分布的络脉,如果误伤血脉,出血不止,会导致肿胀。针刺委中穴,如果误伤大脉,使人跌倒,面色苍白。针刺气冲穴,如果误伤血脉,血不出而郁结,会导致肿胀,形成鼠瘘。针刺脊柱间隙,如果误伤脊髓,会导致驼背。针刺乳中穴,如果误伤乳房,会导致肿胀,根部溃烂。针刺缺盆穴过深,导致气泄,使人气喘咳嗽气逆。针刺手鱼际部位,如果进针过深,会导致肿胀。
不要在大醉状态下针刺,这会使人气机紊乱;不要在大怒状态下针刺,这会使人气机上逆。不要在大疲劳的人身上针刺,不要在刚吃饱的人身上针刺,不要在大渴的人身上针刺。不要在发热躁动之时针刺,不要在脉象浑浑浊乱之时针刺,不要在汗出淋漓之时针刺,不要在病情与脉象相逆之时针刺。刚刚行房事后不要针刺,已经针刺后不要行房;已经醉酒不要针刺,已经针刺后不要饮酒;刚刚发怒不要针刺,已经针刺后不要发怒;刚刚劳累不要针刺,已经针刺后不要劳累;已经吃饱不要针刺,已经针刺后不要吃得太饱;已经饥饿不要针刺,已经针刺后不要处于饥饿状态;已经口渴不要针刺,已经针刺后不要处于口渴状态。乘车来就诊的患者,让其躺下休息,大约一顿饭的时间后再针刺;步行来就诊的患者,让其坐下休息,大约行走十里路所需的体力消耗后再针刺。对于大惊大怒的患者,必须待其气机安定后,才能针刺。如果在门外就针刺致病者,患者会死在家中;如果进入门内才针刺致病者,患者会死在厅堂上。针刺大腿内侧,如果误伤大脉,出血不止的,会死亡。刺杀足少阳胆经的气冲穴(此处原文为刺客主人,指足少阳胆经穴位),如果进针过深陷入血脉,会导致内部漏脓,造成耳聋。针刺膝盖髌骨处导致津液流出,会导致跛行;针刺手臂太阴肺经出血过多,站立不久就会死亡。针刺足少阴肾经,若属重虚之证又出血,会导致舌头僵硬难以言语;针刺胸部膺中部位,进针过深陷入血脉,会导致气喘逆仰呼吸。针刺委中穴,如果进针过深陷入,气机归附于此,导致腿部无法屈伸。针刺大腿内侧下方三寸处,如果进针过深陷入,会导致遗尿。针刺腋下胁间部位,如果进针过深陷入,会导致咳嗽;针刺小腹部,如果误伤膀胱,导致尿液流出,会使小腹部胀满。针刺大肠部位进针过深,会导致肿胀;针刺眼眶上方陷骨中的血脉,会导致瘘管或失明。针刺关节处导致津液流出,会导致关节无法屈伸。
If needling is performed in Spring on points designated for Summer, the Lung Qi (Lung Qi) will become chaotic and weak, pathogenic factors will invade the bone marrow, the disease will not heal, and there will be shortness of breath. If needling is performed in Spring on points designated for Autumn, tendons will contract and Qi will rebel, leading to coughing around the throat; if the disease does not heal, it causes frequent fright and crying. If needling is performed in Spring on points designated for Winter, pathogenic factors will adhere to the Zang organs, causing abdominal distension; if the disease does not heal, the patient will have an urge to speak.
If needling is performed in Summer on points designated for Spring, the disease will not heal, causing lethargy and lassitude. If needling is performed in Summer on points designated for Autumn, the disease will not heal, causing a desire for silence and a sense of terror as if being pursued. If needling is performed in Summer on points designated for Winter, the disease will not heal, causing shortness of breath and frequent anger.
If needling is performed in Autumn on points designated for Spring, the disease will not heal, causing a startled feeling, an urge to act, but forgetting upon standing up. If needling is performed in Autumn on points designated for Summer, the disease will not heal, causing increased drowsiness and frequent dreaming. If needling is performed in Autumn on points designated for Winter, the disease will not heal, causing periodic chills.
If needling is performed in Winter on points designated for Spring, the disease will not heal, causing difficulty sleeping despite wanting to lie down, with visual hallucinations during sleep. If needling is performed in Winter on points designated for Summer, the disease will not heal, causing rebellious Qi and various Bi syndromes (obstruction syndromes). If needling is performed in Winter on points designated for Autumn, the disease will not heal, causing frequent diarrhea.
In Spring, needling the Luo vessels (Collateral Vessels) and Lung channel causes blood and Qi to overflow externally, leading to shortness of breath. Needling the muscle layer causes blood and Qi to circulate reversely, leading to rebellious Qi. Needling the sinew and bone layer causes blood and Qi to stagnate internally, leading to abdominal distension.
In Summer, needling the Jing channels (Main Channels) exhausts blood and Qi, leading to physical weakness. Needling the muscle layer causes blood and Qi to retreat inward, leading to fearfulness. Needling the sinew and bone layer causes blood and Qi to rebel upward, leading to irritability.
In Autumn, needling the Jing channels causes blood and Qi to rebel upward, leading to forgetfulness. Needling the Luo vessels prevents Qi from circulating outward, leading to a desire to lie still without moving. Needling the sinew and bone layer causes blood and Qi to scatter internally, leading to shivering and chills.
In Winter, needling the Jing channels causes depletion of both blood and Qi, leading to blurred vision. Needling the Luo vessels causes internal Qi to leak outward, remaining as severe Bi syndromes. Needling the muscle layer exhausts Yang Qi, leading to forgetfulness. All these instances of violating the seasonal patterns are major contraindications that must be observed. Violating them leads to chaos in Qi dynamics and diseases arising from mutual invasion.
When needling the chest and abdomen, one must avoid the Five Zang organs. Needling the Heart directly leads to death within one day, manifested by belching. Needling the Liver leads to death within five days, manifested by excessive talking. Needling the Spleen leads to death within ten days, manifested by frequent swallowing. Needling the Kidney leads to death within six days, manifested by sneezing. Needling the Lung leads to death within three days, manifested by coughing. Needling the Gallbladder leads to death within one day, manifested by vomiting. Needling the Diaphragm injures the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner); even if symptoms temporarily resolve, death will occur within a year. Avoiding the Five Zang organs requires understanding compliance and opposition. "Compliance" refers to caution regarding the locations of the Diaphragm, Spleen, and Kidney; ignorance of this leads to error.
Needling the dorsum of the foot and injuring the large pulmonary vessel, with unceasing bleeding, results in death. Needling the face and injuring the Liu vessel may unfortunately cause blindness. Needling the head and injuring the Naohu point (B16), penetrating into the brain, causes immediate death. Needling under the tongue and injuring a large vessel with excessive bleeding, resulting in unceasing hemorrhage, causes aphonia. Needling the collateral vessels under the foot and injuring a vessel with unceasing bleeding causes swelling. Needling the Weizhong point (BL40) and injuring a large vessel causes the patient to collapse and lose complexion. Needling the Qichong point (ST30) and injuring a vessel, where blood does not flow out but stagnates, causes swelling and rat abscesses. Needling the interspinous space and injuring the spinal marrow causes kyphosis. Needling the Ruzhong point (REN17) and injuring the breast tissue causes swelling and root erosion. Needling the Quepen area too deeply, causing Qi leakage, leads to asthma, cough, and rebellious Qi. Needling the Yuji area (LU10) too deeply causes swelling.
Do not needle when the patient is heavily intoxicated, as this disrupts Qi dynamics. Do not needle when the patient is extremely angry, as this causes Qi rebellion. Do not needle those who are severely fatigued, newly satiated, or severely thirsty. Do not needle during high fever, turbulent pulse conditions, profuse sweating, or when the disease pattern contradicts the pulse. After sexual intercourse, do not needle; after needling, abstain from intercourse. After intoxication, do not needle; after needling, abstain from alcohol. After anger, do not needle; after needling, abstain from anger. After fatigue, do not needle; after needling, abstain from exertion. After fullness, do not needle; after needling, avoid overeating. After hunger, do not needle; after needling, avoid starvation. After thirst, do not needle; after needling, avoid dehydration. For patients arriving by carriage, let them lie and rest for about the time it takes to eat a meal before needling. For patients arriving on foot, let them sit and rest for the equivalent of walking ten li before needling. For patients suffering from great fright or anger, stabilize their Qi before needling. If one needles a sick person outside their gate, they will die at home; if one enters the gate before needling, they will die in the main hall. Needling the inner thigh and injuring a large vessel with unceasing bleeding results in death. Needling the Zusanli area (Note: Text says 'Cike Zhuren', likely referring to a specific point or error, context implies danger) and sinking into the vessel causes internal leakage and deafness. Needling the knee cap area causing fluid discharge leads to limping. Bleeding excessively from the arm's Taiyin channel leads to death shortly after standing. Repeatedly bleeding the Foot Shaoyin channel in a case of severe deficiency causes tongue stiffness and difficulty speaking. Needling the Yingzhong area too deeply, sinking into the vessel, causes asthmatic breathing and仰息 (breathing while lying back). Needling the Weizhong point too deeply, sinking in, causes Qi to gather there, preventing flexion and extension. Needling three cun below the inner thigh, sinking in, causes urinary incontinence. Needling the axilla and intercostal areas too deeply causes coughing. Needling the lower abdomen and injuring the bladder, causing urine leakage, leads to abdominal fullness. Needling the intestines too deeply causes swelling. Needling the upper orbital bone and injuring the vessel causes fistulas or blindness. Needling joints causing fluid discharge prevents flexion and extension.