禁针穴道要先明,脑户囟会及神庭。络 玉枕角孙穴,颅囟承泣随承灵。神道灵
台膻中忌,水分神阙并会
阴。横骨气冲手五里,箕门承筋并青灵。更加臂上三阳络,二十二穴不可针。孕妇
不宜针合谷,三阴交内亦通伦。石门针灸应须忌,女子终身无孕娠。外有云门并
鸠尾,缺盆客主人莫深。肩井深时人闷倒,三里急补人还平。
禁灸之穴四十五,承光哑门及风府。天柱素 临泣上,晴明攒竹迎香数。禾 颧
丝竹空,头维下关与脊中。肩真心俞白环俞,天牖人迎共乳中。周荣渊液并鸠
尾,腹哀少商鱼际位。经渠天府及中冲,阳关阳池地五会。隐白漏谷阴陵泉,条口犊鼻兼
阴市。伏兔髀 委中穴,殷门申脉承扶忌。
立春艮上起天留,戊寅己丑左足求。春分左胁仓门震,乙卯日见定为仇。立夏戊辰
己巳巽,阴络宫中左手愁。夏至上天丙午日,正值膺喉离首头。立秋玄委官右手,戊申己
未坤上游。秋分仓果西方兑,辛酉还寻右胁谋。立冬右足加新络,戊戍己亥干位收,冬
至坎方临叶蛰,壬子腰尻下窍流。五脏六腑并脐腹,招遥诸戊已中州。溃治痈疽当
须避,犯其天忌疾难瘳。
行针补泻分寒热,泻寒补热须分别。捻针向外泻之方,捻针向内补之诀。泻左须将
大指前,泻右大指当后拽。补左大指向前搓,补右大指向下 。何如补泻有两般,盖是经络
两边发。补泻又要识迎随,随即为补迎为泻。古人补泻左右分,今人乃为男女别。男女经
脉一般生,昼夜循环无暂歇。两手阳经上走头,阴经胸走手指辄。两足阳经头走足,
阴经足走腹中结。随即针头随经行,迎即针头迎经夺。更有补泻定呼吸,吸泻呼补真奇
绝。补则呼出却入针,要知针用三飞法。气至出针吸气入,疾而一退急扪穴。泻则
吸气方入针,要知阻气通身
达。气至出针呼气出,徐而三退穴间捺。莫向人前容易说。
禁针的穴位首先要明确:脑户、囟会以及神庭。络却、玉枕、角孙穴,颅息、承泣随同承灵穴。神道、灵台、膻中穴忌讳针刺,水分、神阙并会阴穴也不宜针。横骨、气冲、手五里,箕门、承筋并青灵穴。再加上臂上的三阳络穴,共二十二个穴位不可针刺。孕妇不宜针刺合谷穴,三阴交穴内也遵循这一伦理规范(指孕妇禁针)。石门穴针灸应当忌讳,女子若施针灸会导致终身不孕。此外还有云门和鸠尾穴,缺盆和客主人穴不可深刺。肩井穴如果针刺过深会导致人昏倒,足三里穴急补则人能恢复平静。
禁止艾灸的穴位有四十五个:承光、哑门及风府。天柱、素髎、临泣穴上,晴明、攒竹、迎香数来。禾髎、颧髎、丝竹空穴,头维、下关与脊中穴。肩贞、心俞、白环俞,天牖、人迎共乳中穴。周荣、渊液并鸠尾穴,腹哀、少商、鱼际位处。经渠、天府及中冲穴,阳关、阳池、地五会穴。隐白、漏谷、阴陵泉穴,条口、犊鼻兼阴市穴。伏兔、髀关、委中穴,殷门、申脉、承扶穴忌讳艾灸。
立春时在艮方起天留穴,戊寅日、己丑日从左足寻找。春分在左胁仓门穴震方,乙卯日见到此穴定为仇敌(即禁忌)。立夏在戊辰、己巳日巽方,阴络、宫中有左手之愁(禁忌)。夏至上天在丙午日,正值膺喉离方首头(禁忌)。立秋玄委、官穴右手,戊申日、己未日坤方上游(禁忌)。秋分仓果穴西方兑方,辛酉日还寻右胁谋算(禁忌)。立冬右足加新络穴,戊戌日、己亥日干方收束(禁忌)。冬至坎方临叶蛰穴,壬子日腰尻下窍流注(禁忌)。五脏六腑并脐腹部,招摇诸戊己在中州(禁忌)。溃治痈疽时应当避开这些日子,触犯这些天时的禁忌,疾病难以痊愈。
行针补泻要分清寒热,泻寒证、补热证必须分别对待。捻针向外是泻法的方法,捻针向内是补法的诀窍。泻左边的病须将大指向前推,泻右边的大指应当向后拽。补左边大指向前搓动,补右边大指向下按。为何补泻有两种情况?这是因为经络从两边发生。补泻又要识别迎随,随经气方向为补,逆经气方向为泻。古人补泻分左右,今人乃区分男女。男女经脉生长一般无二,昼夜循环没有片刻停歇。两手阳经向上走头部,阴经从胸走向手指端。两足阳经从头走向足,阴经从足走向腹中结聚。随即针头随经气而行即为随,迎即针头逆经气而夺即为迎。更有补泻定呼吸之法,吸气时泻、呼气时补真是奇妙绝妙。补法则呼气出针时再入针(此处原文逻辑较晦涩,通常补法为呼气进针、吸气出针,或根据上下文理解为配合呼吸),要知道使用“三飞”针法。气至后出针时吸气,迅速退针并急按穴孔。泻法则吸气时方进针,要知道阻气使通身之气到达。气至后出针时呼气,缓慢三次退针并在穴间按压。不要在人前轻易说出这些秘诀。
The acupoints contraindicated for needling must first be clearly understood: Naohu (BL 9), Xinhui (GV 22), and Shenting (GV 24). Luoque (BL 8), Yuzhen (BL 9), and Jiaosun (SJ 20). Luxi (SJ 19), Chengqi (ST 1), and Chengling (GB 18). Shendao (GV 11), Lingtai (GV 10), and Danzhong (CV 17) are to be avoided. Shuifen (CV 9), Shenque (CV 8), and Huiyin (CV 1). Henggu (KI 11), Qichong (ST 30), and Shouwuli (LI 13). Jimen (SP 11), Chengjin (BL 56), and Qingling (HT 2). Additionally, Sanyangluo (SJ 8) on the arm. These twenty-two acupoints must not be needled. Pregnant women should not be needled at Hegu (LI 4); the same principle applies to Sanyinjiao (SP 6). Acupuncture and moxibustion at Shimen (CV 5) should be contraindicated, as it may cause a woman to be infertile for life. Furthermore, Yunmen (LU 2) and Jiuwei (CV 15), Quepen (ST 12) and Kèzhǔrén (GB 2) should not be needled deeply. If Jianjing (GB 21) is needled too deeply, the person may faint; promptly reinforcing Zusanli (ST 36) will restore the person to normal.
There are forty-five acupoints contraindicated for moxibustion: Chengguang (BL 6), Yamen (GV 15), and Fengfu (GV 16). Tianzhu (BL 10), Suliao (GV 25), and Linqi (GB 15). Jingming (BL 1), Cuanzhu (BL 2), and Yingxiang (LI 20). Heliao (LI 19), Quanliao (SI 18), and Sizhukong (SJ 23). Touwei (ST 8), Xiaguan (ST 7), and Jizhong (GV 6). Jianzhen (SI 9), Xinshu (BL 15), and Baihuanshu (BL 30). Tianyou (SJ 16), Renying (ST 9), and Ruzhong (ST 17). Zhourong (SP 20), Yuanye (GB 22), and Jiuwei (CV 15). Fu'ai (SP 16), Shaoshang (LU 11), and Yuji (LU 10). Jingqu (LU 8), Tianfu (LU 3), and Zhongchong (PC 9). Yangguan (GB 33), Yangchi (SJ 4), and Diwuhui (GB 42). Yinbai (SP 1), Lougu (SP 7), and Yinlingquan (SP 9). Tiaokou (ST 38), Dubi (ST 35), and Yinshi (ST 33). Futu (ST 32), Biguan (ST 31), and Weizhong (BL 40). Yinmen (BL 37), Shenmai (BL 62), and Chengfu (BL 36).
Beginning from the Gen (Northeast) position at the Start of Spring (Lichun) is Tianliu (acupoint/position). The days of Wuyin and Jichou correspond to the left foot. The left hypochondrium at the Spring Equinox (Chunfen) is Cangmen Zhen (position). The appearance of the day Yimao is definitely a contraindication. The days of Wuchen and Jisi at the Start of Summer (Lixia) correspond to the Xun (Southeast) position. The Yinluo Palace corresponds to the left hand. The day of Bingwu at the Summer Solstice (Xiazhi) corresponds to the Shangtian (Upper Heaven) position, precisely the chest, throat, and head corresponding to the Li (South) position. Xuanwei (acupoint/position) at the Start of Autumn (Liqiu) corresponds to the right hand. The days of Wushen and Jiwei are in the upper part of the Kun (Southwest) position. Cangguo (acupoint/position) at the Autumn Equinox (Qiufen) is in the Western Dui (West) position. The day of Xinyou is also sought for planning regarding the right hypochondrium. The right foot plus Xinluo (acupoint/position) at the Start of Winter (Lidong). The days of Wuxu and Jihai are gathered in the Qian (Northwest) position. The Ye Zhe (Hibernating) position at the Winter Solstice (Dongzhi) corresponds to the Kan (North) position. The day of Renzi corresponds to the flow of the lumbar, sacral, and lower orifices. The five zang-organs, six fu-organs, together with the umbilical and abdominal regions, correspond to the Zhaoyao (star) and the various days of Wu and Ji in the Zhongzhou (Central Region) position. When treating ulcerated abscesses and ulcers, one must avoid these times. Violating these celestial prohibitions makes the disease difficult to cure.
When performing acupuncture reinforcing and reducing methods, one must differentiate between cold and heat. Reducing cold and reinforcing heat must be clearly distinguished. Twirling the needle outward is the method for reducing. Twirling the needle inward is the technique for reinforcing. To reduce on the left side, the thumb (of the right hand) must be moved forward. To reduce on the right side, the thumb should be pulled backward. To reinforce on the left side, the thumb moves forward in a rubbing motion. To reinforce on the right side, the thumb moves downward (in a twirling motion). Why are there two different methods for reinforcing and reducing? It is because the channels and collaterals are distributed on both sides of the body. Reinforcing and reducing also require understanding the opposing and following (needling methods). Following (the qi of the channel) is reinforcing, opposing (the qi of the channel) is reducing. The ancients differentiated reinforcing and reducing based on left and right. People today, however, distinguish them based on male and female. The channels and vessels of men and women are generally the same, circulating day and night without a moment's rest. The yang channels of both hands ascend to the head. The yin channels run from the chest to the fingers. The yang channels of both feet run from the head to the feet. The yin channels run from the feet to gather in the abdomen. Following means inserting the needle tip in the direction of the channel's pathway. Opposing means inserting the needle tip against the direction of the channel's pathway to seize (pathogenic qi). There is also the method of determining reinforcing and reducing based on respiration: reducing on inhalation and reinforcing on exhalation is truly marvelous. For the reinforcing method, insert the needle upon exhalation. One must know to use the "three flights" method (a needle manipulation technique). When qi arrives, withdraw the needle while coordinating with inhalation, swiftly withdrawing the needle once and immediately pressing the point. For the reducing method, insert the needle upon inhalation. One must know to allow the obstructed qi to reach throughout the body. When qi arrives, withdraw the needle while coordinating with exhalation, slowly withdrawing the needle in three stages and pressing around the point. Do not speak of these (techniques) easily in front of others.