伏龙肝(即灶心土为细末)凉水调三四钱水一碗搅动,服之吐者,再一服。
香麻油总能解一切饮食诸毒,不可不知。凡造肴馔必先用真麻油于净锅熬熟,却下
肉炒过,然后入清水煮之,并不犯毒。今徽州池州地方食牛肉,不论春夏,无日不食,
能制之有方也,所以鲜有中毒。但犯一切饮食毒者,随用香麻油一杯或二杯饮之,得吐
即毒便释,而无不愈者。
《风俗通》曰∶禽兽自死者,俱有毒,不可食。鱼无腮者有毒,腮大者有毒。鳖肚
下有红藻文者,有毒。蟹腹下毛有毒。煮酒初出火者,大有毒,江南谓之火头酒,饮之则
生痔溢血。夏月饮食但过宿,即有毒。夏月酒在铜锡中过夜有毒。铜器盖热食气上蒸滴下食
中有毒。炊汤过宿饮之有毒,盥洗生疥。桃杏仁双仁者,毒能杀人。果未成核者,俱毒,令
人发疮节。夏月秋果熟落地虫缘者,有毒,人食之作漏。屋漏水有毒,人食之有腹胀而
死者,用之沐手则生浸淫之疥,屡验。死泽中存水有毒,饮之令人生瘕。汤池中温泉水不
可饮,令人胀闷,惟可澡沐,可以疏风愈疥癞。盖其泉自硫黄中流出而故温也,患疥者,
宜饱食入浴之,连日数次汗透而愈,体虚者,不可轻浴。
将松子仁与肉类一起煮食,就可以消除毒性;杏仁和山楂也有同样的功效。
伏龙肝(即灶心土研成的细粉),用凉水调匀三四钱,配一碗水搅动后服用。如果服药后引起呕吐,可以再服一次。
香油能够解除所有的饮食中毒,这一点不可不知道。凡是制作菜肴时,必须先用真正的香油在干净的锅中熬熟,然后放入肉类炒过,之后再加入清水煮制,这样就不会沾染毒性。如今徽州、池州一带的人吃牛肉,无论春夏季节,每天都食用,却能通过恰当的方法控制毒性,所以很少发生中毒现象。但是,一旦染上各种饮食中毒,随时饮用一杯或两杯香油,如果能引发呕吐,毒素就会排出,没有不能治愈的。
《风俗通》记载:禽兽自然死亡的,都含有毒性,不可食用。鱼如果没有鳃则有毒,鳃特别大的也有毒。鳖腹部有红色藻纹状的,有毒。蟹腹下的绒毛有毒。刚煮沸的酒初出火源时,毒性很大,江南地区称之为“火头酒”,饮用了会导致痔疮出血。夏季的饮食只要过夜,就会产生毒性。夏季的酒如果在铜锡容器中过夜,也会产生毒性。用铜器盖子盖住热食,热气上升凝结滴落到食物中,会使食物含有毒性。煮好的汤如果过夜再喝,会有毒性,并且洗澡会生疥疮。桃仁和杏仁如果是双仁的,其毒性足以致人死亡。果实尚未形成硬核的,都有毒,会让人身上长疮节。夏秋季成熟的瓜果掉在地上被虫子爬过的,有毒,人吃了会引发瘘管。房屋漏下来的雨水有毒,人喝了会引起腹胀而死;用它洗手则会生出浸淫疮(一种皮肤溃烂流脓的病症),多次验证如此。死水潭中积存的水有毒,喝了会让人长出瘕块(腹内结块)。温泉池中的温泉水不可饮用,会让人感到胀闷,只适合用来洗澡沐浴,可以疏风治疗疥癣癞疾。这是因为泉水从硫黄中流出所以温度高,患有疥疮的人,应该吃饱饭后去洗澡,连续几天几次,直到大汗淋漓即可痊愈,身体虚弱的人,不可以轻易洗浴。
If severe abdominal distension occurs after eating, this indicates poisoning, which can be resolved with vinegar.
Boiling pine nut kernels (Semen Pini) together with meat renders it non-toxic; apricot kernels (Semen Armeniacae Amarum) and hawthorn fruits (Fructus Crataegi) are also effective.
Longtan Gan (Furnace Heart Earth), which is the fine powder of soil from the center of a cooking stove, should be mixed with cool water (about 3-4 qian) in one bowl of water, stirred, and taken orally. If vomiting occurs after ingestion, another dose may be administered.
Sesame oil (Sesami Oleum) can resolve all kinds of dietary poisonings; this fact must not be overlooked. When preparing dishes, one must first boil true sesame oil in a clean pot until cooked, then stir-fry the meat in it before adding clear water for boiling. This method prevents contamination by toxins. Currently, in the Huizhou and Chizhou regions, people consume beef regardless of the season, day and night. They are able to control the toxicity through proper methods, so poisoning is rare. However, if one suffers from any dietary poisoning, drinking one or two cups of sesame oil at will will induce vomiting, thereby releasing the toxin, leading to recovery without exception.
The *Fengsu Tong* states: Animals and birds that die naturally all contain toxins and should not be eaten. Fish without gills are toxic, as are those with excessively large gills. Soft-shelled turtles (Trionyx sinensis) with red algal patterns on their bellies are toxic. The hairs under the belly of crabs are toxic. Wine that has just been boiled over fire contains significant toxins; in Jiangnan, this is called "Huotou Jiu" (Fire-head Wine). Drinking it causes hemorrhoids and bleeding. Food consumed in summer that has been left overnight becomes toxic. Wine stored overnight in copper or tin vessels in summer becomes toxic. Covering hot food with copper vessels causes steam to rise and condense into droplets falling onto the food, rendering it toxic. Soup boiled overnight and then drunk is toxic, and washing with such water induces scabies. Apricot kernels (Semen Armeniacae Amarum) and peach kernels (Semen Persicae) that have double embryos are lethal in their toxicity. Fruits that have not yet formed hard pits are all toxic and cause skin ulcers and nodules. In summer and autumn, ripe fruits that fall to the ground and are crawled over by insects are toxic; consuming them causes fistulas. Rainwater leaking from roofs is toxic; drinking it causes abdominal distension and death. Using it to wash hands induces impetigo (a suppurative skin disease), a fact verified repeatedly. Stagnant water in dead marshes is toxic; drinking it causes the formation of masses (Jia) in the abdomen. Hot spring water in bathing pools cannot be drunk as it causes bloating and oppression; it is only suitable for bathing, which can dispel wind and cure scabies and leprosy-like conditions. This is because the water flows out from sulfur deposits, hence its warmth. Those suffering from scabies should bathe after a full meal, several times a day for consecutive days, until profuse sweating occurs, leading to recovery. Those with weak constitutions should not bathe lightly.