定心汤（秘方）〔批〕（按此方治心慌之剂） 治伤寒瘥后心下怔忡。
生地汁、童便各半盏，二味和合，重汤煮数沸服。
治伤寒瘥后交接，复发欲死，眼不能开，口不能语。
栀子三十枚，水三升，煎至一升服，
脉
大抵中寒，脉虚而微细。
证
中寒者，寒邪直中三阴也。寒为天地杀厉之气，多由气体虚弱之人，或调护失节，冲斥道途，一时为寒
气所中，则昏不知人，口噤失音，四肢强直，拘急疼痛者，先用热酒、姜汁各半盏灌服，稍醒，后用理中汤。
治
如寒中太阴，则中脘疼痛，宜理中汤。或加藿香正气散同服。寒甚脉沉细，手足冷者，附子理中汤。
一寒中少阴，则脐腹疼痛，宜五积散加吴茱萸。寒甚脉沉细，手足冷者，四逆汤加吴茱萸。
一寒中厥阴，则少腹疼痛，宜当归四逆汤加吴茱萸，甚者倍附子。此中寒比伤寒尤甚，若不急治，死在旦夕。
一冷极唇青，厥逆无脉。阴囊缩者，急用葱熨法或吴茱萸熨法，并艾灸脐中与气海、关元二三十壮佳。
一中寒虽燥热烦渴，可煎理中汤，水中顿冷服之。此寒因寒用之法也。若以寒凉治之。立死。
方
五积散 治寒邪卒中，直入阴经等证。
白芷（七分） 陈皮（一钱） 浓朴（八分） 桔梗（八分） 枳壳（八分） 川芎（七分）
白芍药（八分） 甘草（八分） 白茯苓（八分） 苍术（二钱） 当归（八分） 半夏（七分）
肉桂（七分） 干姜（八分） 麻黄（一钱）
上锉一剂，生姜三片，葱白头三茎，水煎热服。冒寒，用煨姜。挟寒，加吴茱萸。妇人调经，用醋艾。
足浮肿，加五加皮、大腹皮。风痹，加羌活、独活、防风。腰痛，加牛膝、杜仲、小茴香。手足挛急，加
槟榔、木瓜、牛膝。咳嗽，加杏仁、桑白皮、马兜铃。遍身疼痛，加乳香，没药、细辛。难产，加
麝香、交桂。老人手足痛，合和顺气散。手足风缓，加乌药平气散。湿痹，加乌药顺气散。有湿，加槟苏散。
按是方气味辛温，开郁行气，发表温里，大有回生起死之功，温寒燥湿之圣药也。夫寒湿属阴，燥热属阳，
人之有病，不过二者而已。善用药者，以苦寒而泄其阳，以辛温而散其阴，病之不愈者，未之有也。余常
用防风通圣散治热燥之药，生料五积散治寒湿之药。
理中汤 治五脏中寒，唇青身冷，口噤失音。
人参 白术 干姜（炮） 甘草（炙，各二钱）
上锉一剂，姜枣煎服。寒湿所中者，加附子一钱，名附子理中汤。霍乱吐泻，加青皮、陈皮各一钱，名治
中汤。干霍乱，心腹作痛，先以盐汤探吐，后进此药。呕吐，于治中汤加丁香、半夏各一钱，生姜七片。泄
泻，加陈皮、茯苓各一钱，名补中汤。溏泄不已，于补中汤加附子一钱；不喜欢饮食，米谷不化，
加砂仁一钱，霍乱吐下，心腹作痛，手足厥冷，于本方中去白术，加熟附子，名四顺汤。伤寒结胸，先于枳桔
等药，服过不愈，加枳实、茯苓各一钱，名枳实理中汤。乱转筋，加石膏一钱。
脐上筑者，肾气动也，去
白术，加桂一钱。悸，加茯苓一钱。苦寒加附子一钱。腹痛，去白术，加附子一钱。饮酒过多，
及啖炙爆热物，发为鼻衄，加川芎一钱。
回阳救急汤〔批〕（按此方治虚寒温补之剂）
治伤寒初起，无头疼，无身热，便就恶寒，四肢厥冷，或过于肘膝，或腹痛吐泻，或口吐白沫冷涎，或战
栗面如刀乱，引衣蜷卧不渴，脉来沉迟无力，即是直中阴经真寒证，不从阳经传来者。
人参 白术 茯苓 陈皮 半夏 干姜 肉桂 附子 五味子 甘草
上锉一剂，生姜三片，水煎服。呕吐涎沫，或小腹痛，加盐炒吴茱萸。无脉者，加猪胆汁一匙。泄泻
不止，加黄 、升麻。呕吐不止，加生姜汁。仓卒无药，可用葱熨法，或灸关
元、气海二三十壮。使热气通其内，逼邪出于外，以复阳气稍得苏
醒。灌入生姜汁，然后煎服回阳救急汤。
四逆汤 治寒邪直入三阴，自利不渴等症。
附子（一枚，去皮脐，切作八片，生用） 甘草（炙，六钱） 干姜（五钱）
上锉作二剂，水煎温服，取微汗为度。
姜附汤〔批〕（按此方治中寒温热之剂） 治体虚中寒，昏不知人，身
体强直，口噤不语，手足厥冷，脐腹疼痛，霍乱转筋，并宜调治。
干姜（五钱） 附子（一枚，去皮脐，生用）
上锉一剂，水煎服。肢节痛加桂。挟气攻刺痛，加木香。挟风不仁，加防风。挟湿重着，加白术。筋脉拘
急，加木瓜。
熨法 治寒邪直入三阴，无头疼身热，恶寒腹痛，下利清白，唇青面黑，吐沫口噤，或身痛如被杖，四
肢厥冷，上过乎肘，下过乎膝，引衣蜷卧，不渴，脉来沉迟无力，及一切虚寒，并能治之。
葱（切细，三升） 麦麸（三升） 盐（一斤）
上用水和匀，分作二处，炒令极热，重绢包之，乘热熨脐，冷更易一包。其葱包既冷，再用水
拌炒热，根据前用之，如大小便不通，亦用此法。
定心汤（秘方）〔批注〕（按：此方是治疗心慌的药剂） 治疗伤寒病愈后，心中悸动不安。
取生地黄汁、童子尿各半盏，将这两味药混合，隔水煮沸数次后服用。
治疗伤寒病愈后因行房事复发，导致濒死感，眼睛无法睁开，嘴巴无法说话。
取栀子三十枚，加水三升，煎煮至一升后服用。
脉象
大抵中寒证，脉象虚而微细。
证候
所谓中寒，是指寒邪直接侵入三阴经。寒是天地间肃杀凛冽之气，多发生于体质虚弱之人，或因调养护理失当，在旅途中遭受寒气侵袭，一时被寒气所中，就会昏迷不省人事，牙关紧闭不能言语，四肢强直拘挛疼痛。此时先用热酒、姜汁各半盏灌服，待患者稍清醒后，再用理中汤治疗。
治疗方法
如果寒邪侵犯太阴经，则中脘穴处疼痛，适宜用理中汤。或者加藿香正气散一同服用。若寒邪极重，脉象沉细，手足冰冷者，用附子理中汤。
如果寒邪侵犯少阴经，则脐腹部疼痛，适宜用五积散加吴茱萸。若寒邪极重，脉象沉细，手足冰冷者，用四逆汤加吴茱萸。
如果寒邪侵犯厥阴经，则小腹部疼痛，适宜用当归四逆汤加吴茱萸，病情严重者加倍使用附子。这种中寒比伤寒更为严重，如果不紧急治疗，死亡就在早晚之间。
如果冷至极点，嘴唇发青，四肢厥逆无脉，阴囊收缩者，急用葱熨法或吴茱萸熨法，并艾灸神阙穴（肚脐）、气海穴、关元穴二三十壮为佳。
中寒证虽然出现燥热烦渴的症状，可以煎煮理中汤，在水中放凉后顿服。这是“寒因寒用”的治疗方法。如果用寒凉药物治疗，病人会立即死亡。
方剂
五积散 治疗寒邪卒中，直接侵入阴经等证候。
白芷（七分） 陈皮（一钱） 厚朴（八分） 桔梗（八分） 枳壳（八分） 川芎（七分）
白芍药（八分） 甘草（八分） 白茯苓（八分） 苍术（二钱） 当归（八分） 半夏（七分）
肉桂（七分） 干姜（八分） 麻黄（一钱）
以上药材锉碎为一剂，加生姜三片，葱白三茎，用水煎煮后热服。受寒者，用煨姜。夹有寒气者，加吴茱萸。妇女调经，用醋炒艾叶。
足部浮肿，加五加皮、大腹皮。风痹，加羌活、独活、防风。腰痛，加牛膝、杜仲、小茴香。手足痉挛拘急，加槟榔、木瓜、牛膝。咳嗽，加杏仁、桑白皮、马兜铃。全身疼痛，加乳香、没药、细辛。难产，加麝香、交趾肉桂。老人手足疼痛，合用顺气散。手足风缓无力，加乌药平气散。湿痹，加乌药顺气散。体内有湿，加槟苏散。
按：此方气味辛温，能开郁行气，发表温里，大有回生起死之功，是温寒燥湿的圣药。寒湿属于阴，燥热属于阳，人患病，不过是这两种情况罢了。善于用药的人，用苦寒药清泄阳热，用辛温药疏散阴寒，没有治不好的病。我常用防风通圣散治疗热燥之症，用生料五积散治疗寒湿之症。
理中汤 治疗五脏中寒，嘴唇发青身体寒冷，牙关紧闭不能言语。
人参 白术 干姜（炮制） 甘草（炙，各二钱）
以上药材锉碎为一剂，加生姜、大枣煎服。被寒湿所中者，加附子一钱，名为附子理中汤。霍乱吐泻，加青皮、陈皮各一钱，名为止中汤。干霍乱，心腹作痛，先用盐汤探吐，再进服此药。呕吐，在止中汤基础上加丁香、半夏各一钱，生姜七片。泄泻，加陈皮、茯苓各一钱，名为补中汤。溏泄不止，在补中汤基础上加附子一钱；不喜欢饮食，米谷不消化，加砂仁一钱。霍乱吐下，心腹作痛，手足厥冷，在本方中去掉白术，加熟附子，名为四顺汤。伤寒结胸，先用枳桔等药，服过未愈，加枳实、茯苓各一钱，名为枳实理中汤。转筋，加石膏一钱。
脐上跳动者，是肾气动，去掉白术，加桂一钱。心悸，加茯苓一钱。苦寒症状加附子一钱。腹痛，去掉白术，加附子一钱。饮酒过多，及吃烤炸热物，引发鼻出血，加川芎一钱。
回阳救急汤〔批注〕（按：此方是治疗虚寒温补的药剂）
治疗伤寒初起，没有头痛，没有身热，立刻感到恶寒，四肢厥冷，甚至超过肘膝，或腹痛吐泻，或口吐白沫冷涎，或战栗面色如刀割般痛苦，拉衣蜷卧不口渴，脉象沉迟无力，这就是直中阴经的真寒证，不是从阳经传变而来的。
人参 白术 茯苓 陈皮 半夏 干姜 肉桂 附子 五味子 甘草
以上药材锉碎为一剂，加生姜三片，用水煎服。呕吐涎沫，或小腹痛，加盐炒吴茱萸。无脉者，加猪胆汁一匙。泄泻不止，加黄芪、升麻。呕吐不止，加生姜汁。仓促无药可用，可用葱熨法，或灸关元、气海穴二三十壮。使热气通达内部，逼迫邪气出于体外，以恢复阳气稍微苏醒。灌入生姜汁，然后煎服回阳救急汤。
四逆汤 治疗寒邪直入三阴，自利不渴等症状。
附子（一枚，去皮脐，切作八片，生用） 甘草（炙，六钱） 干姜（五钱）
以上药材锉碎为两剂，用水煎煮温服，以出微汗为度。
姜附汤〔批注〕（按：此方是治疗中寒温热的药剂） 治疗体质虚弱中寒，昏迷不省人事，身体强直，牙关紧闭不能言语，手足厥冷，脐腹疼痛，霍乱转筋，都适宜调理治疗。
干姜（五钱） 附子（一枚，去皮脐，生用）
以上药材锉碎为一剂，用水煎服。肢节痛加桂。夹气攻刺痛，加木香。夹风麻木不仁，加防风。夹湿沉重，加白术。筋脉拘急，加木瓜。
熨法 治疗寒邪直入三阴，无头疼身热，恶寒腹痛，下利清白，嘴唇发青面色黑，吐沫口噤，或身体疼痛如被杖打，四肢厥冷，上过肘部，下过膝部，拉衣蜷卧，不口渴，脉象沉迟无力，以及一切虚寒证，都能治疗。
葱（切碎，三升） 麦麸（三升） 盐（一斤）
以上用水拌匀，分成两处，炒至极热，用双层绢布包好，趁热熨烫脐部，冷了更换一包。葱包既冷，再用水拌炒热，按照前面的方法使用，如果大小便不通，也用此法。
Dingxin Tang (Stabilizing Heart Decoction) [Commentary] (Note: This formula is for treating palpitations.) Treats palpitations occurring after the recovery from Shanghan (Cold Damage).
Take half a cup of fresh Shengdi Huang juice (Rehmanniae Radix Juice) and half a cup of Tongbian (Child's Urine). Mix these two ingredients, boil them in a double boiler for several boils, and take orally.
Treats recurrence leading to a near-death state after intercourse following recovery from Shanghan, characterized by inability to open the eyes and inability to speak.
Take thirty Gardenia fruits (Zhi Zi), add three sheng of water, decoct until one sheng remains, and take orally.
Pulse
Generally, in Zhonghan (Direct Cold Invasion), the pulse is deficient, faint, and fine.
Syndrome
Zhonghan refers to cold pathogenic factors directly invading the Three Yin meridians. Cold is a killing and severe qi of heaven and earth. It often affects individuals with weak constitution or those whose care and protection were improper. When exposed to cold air during travel, one may be struck by cold qi at once, resulting in coma and unconsciousness, locked jaw with loss of voice, stiff and rigid limbs, and spasmodic pain. Initially, administer half a cup each of hot wine and ginger juice orally. Once the patient regains slight consciousness, treat with Lizhong Tang.
Treatment
If cold invades the Taiyin meridian, pain occurs at the Zhongwan point; Lizhong Tang is appropriate. Alternatively, it can be taken together with Huoxiang Zhengqi San. If the cold is severe, with a deep, fine pulse and cold hands and feet, Fuzi Lizhong Tang is used.
If cold invades the Shaoyin meridian, pain occurs around the umbilicus and abdomen; Wuji San added with Wuzhuyu is appropriate. If the cold is severe, with a deep, fine pulse and cold hands and feet, Sini Tang added with Wuzhuyu is used.
If cold invades the Jueyin meridian, pain occurs in the lower abdomen; Danggui Sini Tang added with Wuzhuyu is appropriate. In severe cases, double the dosage of Fuzi. Zhonghan is more severe than Shanghan; if not treated urgently, death may occur within a day or night.
If the cold is extreme, with cyanotic lips, cold extremities without a pulse, and retracted testicles, urgently apply Congyi Fa (Scallion Moxibustion/Moxa-like therapy) or Wuzhuyu Yi Fa (Wuzhuyu Compress Therapy), and moxa the Shenque (Navel), Qihai, and Guanyuan points for 20-30 moxa cones. This is excellent.
Although Zhonghan may present with dry heat, irritability, and thirst, Lizhong Tang can be decocted and taken in one dose after cooling it in water. This is the method of "treating cold with cold." If treated with cold-cooling herbs, death will ensue immediately.
Formulas
Wuji San treats sudden invasion of cold pathogenic factors directly entering the Yin meridians and related syndromes.
Baizhi (7 fen) Chenpi (1 qian) Houpo (8 fen) Jiegeng (8 fen) Zhiqiao (8 fen) Chuanxiong (7 fen)
Baishaoyao (8 fen) Gancao (8 fen) Baifuling (8 fen) Cangzhu (2 qian) Danggui (8 fen) Banxia (7 fen)
Rougui (7 fen) Ganjiang (8 fen) Mahuang (1 qian)
Grind all into one dose. Add three slices of fresh Shengjiang and three stalks of white part of Congbai. Decoct in water and take hot. For exposure to cold, use Wei Jiang (Baked Ginger). For cold retention, add Wuzhuyu. For women regulating menstruation, use Cu Ai (Vinegar-fried Mugwort).
For swollen feet, add Wujia Pi and Dafupi. For Wind-Bi, add Qianghuo, Duhuo, and Fangfeng. For lower back pain, add Niuxi, Duzhong, and Xiaohuixiang. For spasms and cramps of hands and feet, add Binglang, Mugua, and Niuxi. For cough, add Xingren, Sangbaipi, and Madoulou. For body-wide pain, add Ruxiang, Moyao, and Xixin. For difficult labor, add Shexiang and Jiaogui. For hand and foot pain in the elderly, combine with Shunqi San. For wind-induced flaccidity of hands and feet, add Wuyao Pingqi San. For Damp-Bi, add Wuyao Shunqi San. For internal dampness, add Binsu San.
Note: This formula has acrid and warm properties, opens stagnation, moves qi, releases the exterior, and warms the interior. It has great power to revive the dying and restore life, serving as a holy medicine for warming cold and drying dampness. Cold-damp belongs to Yin, while dry-heat belongs to Yang. Illness in humans is essentially just these two categories. A skilled prescriber uses bitter-cold herbs to drain Yang-heat and acrid-warm herbs to disperse Yin-cold; there is no case where such treatment fails. I commonly use Fangfeng Tongsheng San for heat-dry conditions and Shengliao Wuji San for cold-damp conditions.
Lizhong Tang treats cold invasion of the Five Zang organs, characterized by cyanotic lips, cold body, locked jaw, and loss of voice.
Renshen Baizhu Ganjiang (processed) Gancao (roasted, 2 qian each)
Grind into one dose. Decoct with Shengjiang and Dazao and take orally. For cold-damp invasion, add 1 qian of Fuzi, named Fuzi Lizhong Tang. For Huoluan with vomiting and diarrhea, add 1 qian each of Qingpi and Chenpi, named Zhizhong Tang. For Dry Huoluan with heart and abdominal pain, first induce vomiting with salt water, then administer this medicine. For vomiting, add 1 qian each of Dingxiang and Banxia, and seven slices of Shengjiang to Zhizhong Tang. For diarrhea, add 1 qian each of Chenpi and Fuling, named Buzhong Tang. For persistent loose stools, add 1 qian of Fuzi to Buzhong Tang. For anorexia and undigested food, add 1 qian of Sharen. For Huoluan with vomiting and diarrhea, heart and abdominal pain, and cold extremities, remove Baizhu from this formula and add cooked Fuzi, named Sishun Tang. For Shanghan JieXiong (Chest Binding), if initial treatment with Zhijie etc. fails, add 1 qian each of Zhishi and Fuling, named Zhishi Lizhong Tang. For convulsive twitching, add 1 qian of Shigao.
For pulsation above the umbilicus (indicating Kidney Qi movement), remove Baizhu and add 1 qian of Rougui. For palpitations, add 1 qian of Fuling. For severe cold, add 1 qian of Fuzi. For abdominal pain, remove Baizhu and add 1 qian of Fuzi. For epistaxis caused by excessive alcohol consumption or eating roasted/fried hot foods, add 1 qian of Chuanxiong.
Huiyang Jiji Tang [Commentary] (Note: This formula is for warming and tonifying deficiency-cold.)
Treats early-stage Shanghan without headache or fever, but with immediate aversion to cold, cold extremities extending beyond elbows and knees, abdominal pain with vomiting and diarrhea, spitting of white foam and cold saliva, trembling with facial pain like knife cuts, curling up under covers without thirst, and a deep, slow, forceless pulse. This indicates a true cold syndrome directly invading the Yin meridians, not transmitted from the Yang meridians.
Renshen Baizhu Fuling Chenpi Banxia Ganjiang Rougui Fuzi Wuweizi Gancao
Grind into one dose. Add three slices of Shengjiang, decoct in water, and take orally. For vomiting of saliva/foam or lower abdominal pain, add Yan Chao Wuzhuyu. For absence of pulse, add one spoonful of Zhu Danzhi (Pig Gallbladder Juice). For incessant diarrhea, add Huangqi and Shengma. For incessant vomiting, add Shengjiang Zhi (Ginger Juice). In emergencies without medicine, apply Congyi Fa or moxa Guanyuan and Qihai for 20-30 cones. This allows heat energy to penetrate internally, forcing pathogens out externally, helping Yang Qi recover slightly for revival. After instilling Shengjiang Zhi, decoct and take Huiyang Jiji Tang.
Sini Tang treats cold pathogens directly entering the Three Yin meridians, characterized by spontaneous diarrhea without thirst.
Fuzi (one piece, peeled, navel removed, cut into eight slices, raw) Gancao (roasted, 6 qian) Ganjiang (5 qian)
Grind into two doses. Decoct in water, take warm, aiming for a slight sweat.
Jiangfu Tang [Commentary] (Note: This formula is for warming and treating direct cold invasion.) Treats weak constitution with direct cold invasion, coma, bodily rigidity, locked jaw with inability to speak, cold extremities, umbilical and abdominal pain, Huoluan with convulsions. Suitable for regulation and treatment.
Ganjiang (5 qian) Fuzi (one piece, peeled, navel removed, raw)
Grind into one dose. Decoct in water and take orally. For joint pain, add Rougui. For stabbing pain due to Qi stagnation, add Muxiang. For numbness due to Wind, add Fangfeng. For heaviness due to Damp, add Baizhu. For tendon and vessel spasms, add Mugua.
Yi Fa (Compress Therapy) Treats cold pathogens directly invading the Three Yin meridians, presenting without headache or fever, with aversion to cold, abdominal pain, clear watery diarrhea, cyanotic lips, dark face, spitting foam, locked jaw, body pain as if beaten by a stick, cold extremities extending beyond elbows and knees, curling up under covers, no thirst, and a deep, slow, forceless pulse. It also treats all deficiency-cold conditions.
Cong (chopped finely, 3 sheng) Maifu (3 sheng) Yan (1 jin)
Mix evenly with water, divide into two portions, stir-fry until extremely hot, wrap in double-layer silk cloth, and apply hot compress to the umbilicus. Replace when cool. When the scallion pack cools, remix with water, stir-fry hot again, and reuse as before. This method is also used for constipation or urinary retention.