明医箴
今之明医,心存仁义,博览群书,精通道艺。洞晓阴阳,明知
运气。药辨温凉,脉分表里。治用补泻,病审虚实。因病制方,对
症投剂,妙法在心,活变不滞。不 虚名,惟期博济;不计其功,
不谋其利;不论贫富,药施一例。起死回生,恩同天地。如此名医,芳垂万世。
庸医箴
今之庸医, 奇立异,不学经书,不通字义。妄自矜夸,以欺当世。争趋人门,不速自至。时献苞苴,
问病为意,自逞明能,百般贡谀。病家不审,模糊处治。不察病原,不分虚实;不畏生死,
孟浪一试。忽然病变,急自散去。误人性命,希图微利。如此庸医,可耻可忌。
病家箴
今之病家,多惜所费。不肯急医,待至自愈;不求高明,希图容易;不察病情,轻投妄试。或祷鬼神,
诸般不啻。履霜不谨,坚冰即至。方请明医,病已将剧。纵有灵丹,难以救治。懵然不悟,
迟误所致。惟说命尽,作福未至。这般糊涂,良可叹息。如此病家,当革斯弊。
警医箴
至重惟人命,最难却是医。病源须洞察,药饵要详施。当奏万
全效,莫趁十年时。死生关系大,惟有上天知。叮咛同志者,济世务如斯。
失气失其平谓之疾,则气疾之偏者亦谓之疾。今人有过不喜,人规讳疾,忌医者多矣。然为人大要不
过孝弟忠信礼义廉耻八者而已。余于暇日撰择二十四味良药,着立一方,名“千金不易丹”,
令人日服一剂,每服用屋漏水、新良姜同煎,其味深长最宜详玩。
又以是八者成口占八绝,临服时歌以咽之,勤嚼细服,厥疾白廖矣。
谨奉四方贤士,慎勿以毒药弃口苦而不服,白甘于贞疾也己。
千金不易丹
为父要栀子 为子要香附 为母要莲子
为子要知母 为兄要地榆 为弟要抚芎
为臣要钟乳 为官要荆芥 夫妻要合欢
媳妇要慈菇 朋友莫阿胶 妯娌莫辛夷
为人要君子 待人要枳实 存心要浓朴
贻谋要远志 乡邻要李仁 贫穷要甘遂
为富莫野狼毒 临财莫枸杞 义理要决明
读书要官桂 往事要苁蓉 遇事要蜀葵
明医箴
当今的明医,心中怀有仁义,博览群书,精通医术。透彻了解阴阳变化,深知运气学说。辨别药物的温凉属性,通过脉诊区分表里病位。治疗采用补法或泻法,审察疾病的虚实性质。根据病情制定方剂,针对症状投药,精妙的法度存于心中,灵活变通而不僵化。不追求虚名,只期望广泛救济世人;不计较个人功劳,不谋求私利;不论患者贫富,用药一视同仁。能够起死回生,恩德如同天地般广大。这样的名医,美名流传万世。
庸医箴
当今的庸医,标新立异,不学习经典医书,不通晓文字含义。狂妄自大地夸耀,以此来欺骗当代人。争相趋附权贵之门,不主动求取却急于上门。时常进献礼物贿赂,表面上询问病情,实则自我炫耀聪明能干,百般阿谀奉承。对病患的情况不加审察,模糊地进行治疗。不探究病因,不分清虚实证候;不顾及生死大事,鲁莽地尝试治疗。突然病情发生变化,便急忙自行散去(逃避责任)。误人性命,只为贪图微小的利益。这样的庸医,可耻且令人忌讳。
病家箴
当今的患者家属,大多吝惜花费。不肯及时就医,等待疾病自愈;不寻求高明的医生,企图侥幸容易治愈;不审察病情,轻率地投药妄加尝试。或者祈祷鬼神,各种做法无不具备。踩到霜时如果不谨慎,坚冰就会到来(比喻小病不治酿成大祸)。等到才去请明医时,病情已经加重。即使有灵丹妙药,也难以救治。懵懂不觉悟,这是延误时机所致。只说寿命已尽,福报未到。这般糊涂的行为,实在令人叹息。这样的患者家属,应当革除这种弊端。
警医箴
最重大的莫过于人命,最难做的却是医生。必须洞察疾病的根源,施用药饵要详细周全。应当奏效以求万全,不要拖延耽误十年时光。死生的关系重大,只有上天知晓。反复叮嘱志同道合者,济世救人的道理务必如此。
气失去平衡称为“疾”,那么气机偏颇的疾病也称为“疾”。现在的人有了过错不喜欢被指出,人们规劝他,他却忌讳生病、忌讳医生的人太多了。然而做人的大节不过是孝、悌、忠、信、礼、义、廉、耻这八种品德罢了。我在闲暇之日选取了二十四味良药,拟定一方,命名为“千金不易丹”,让人每天服用一剂,每剂药用屋漏水、新良姜同煎,味道深长,最值得细细品味。
又因为这八种品德作成了口占的八首绝句,在服药时歌唱着咽下,勤快咀嚼细服,那些疾病自然痊愈了。
恭敬地奉献给四方的贤士,千万不要因为怕药苦而丢弃毒药不服从,白白甘于保持旧有的恶习罢了。
千金不易丹
侍奉父亲要用栀子(子),侍奉儿子要用香附(父);侍奉母亲要用莲子(子),侍奉儿子要用知母(母);对待兄长要用地榆(榆/余谐音喻尊重),对待弟弟要用抚芎(兄/芎谐音喻关怀);侍奉君主要用钟乳(乳/主谐音喻忠诚),做官要用荆芥(官/芥谐音喻清廉);夫妻相处要用合欢(合欢);媳妇对待长辈要用慈菇(姑/菇谐音喻孝顺);朋友之间不要阿胶(胶/交谐音喻不固守成见或指情谊如胶似漆但此处取反意或双关,原文为“莫阿胶”,通常解为朋友之交淡如水或不可粘滞,亦有解为“莫胶执”);妯娌之间不要辛夷(夷/姨谐音喻不和);做人要做君子(子);待人接物要枳实(实);心存善念要浓朴(朴);谋划长远要远志(志);对待乡邻要李仁(仁);身处贫穷要甘遂(遂/顺遂之意);富有时不要野狼毒(毒/贪婪之毒);面对财物不要枸杞(杞/警惕之意);讲究义理要决明(明);读书要用官桂(桂/贵谐音喻尊师重道或珍贵知识);回顾往事要苁蓉(容/宽容之意);遇事要蜀葵(魁/首要或顺利之意)。
Ode to the Enlightened Physician
The enlightened physicians of today harbor benevolence and righteousness in their hearts. They have read extensively through various books and mastered medical arts. They thoroughly understand Yin and Yang, and clearly know the laws of Five Movements and Six Qi (Wuyun Liuqi). They distinguish the warming and cooling properties of herbs, and differentiate superficial and interior patterns from pulse diagnoses. Treatments employ tonification or purgation methods; diseases are examined for deficiency or excess conditions. Formulas are crafted according to the disease, and prescriptions are administered based on symptoms. Ingenious methods reside in the mind, allowing for flexible adaptation without stagnation. They do not seek empty fame, but only aim to benefit the masses widely; they do not calculate personal merit, nor plot for profit; regardless of the patient's wealth or poverty, medication is applied equally. They can revive the dead and bring back the lifeless, with grace as vast as heaven and earth. Such renowned physicians leave a fragrant reputation for ten thousand generations.
Ode to the Quack Physician
The quack physicians of today engage in eccentric innovations, do not study classic texts, and fail to comprehend textual meanings. They arrogantly boast to deceive their contemporaries. They scramble to attend the doors of the powerful, arriving uninvited. They frequently offer bribes under the guise of asking about illnesses, while actually flattering and pandering. They display their supposed wisdom before the families of patients, offering various forms of sycophancy. Without carefully examining the condition of the sick, they treat vaguely. They do not investigate the etiology, nor distinguish between deficiency and excess; disregarding life and death, they rashly attempt treatment. Suddenly, if the condition changes, they hastily disperse to escape responsibility. They cause death by mistake, seeking only trivial profits. Such quack physicians are both laughable and detestable.
Ode to the Patient's Family
Patients' families nowadays often grudge the expenses. They refuse to seek medical attention promptly, waiting for self-healing; they do not seek skilled doctors, hoping for easy solutions; they do not examine the illness, but lightly administer drugs and try blindly. Or they pray to ghosts and gods, engaging in all sorts of superstitious acts. If one does not tread cautiously on frost, hard ice will arrive (metaphor for minor ailments worsening into major crises). Only when they invite an enlightened physician does the illness become severe. Even with miraculous pills, it may be difficult to save them. Ignorant and unaware, this is due to delay. They merely say that their fate has ended and blessings have not arrived. Such confusion is truly sigh-worthy. Such patients' families should eradicate this malpractice.
Warning to Physicians
The most weighty matter is human life; the most difficult task is being a physician. One must penetrate the source of the disease; the administration of medicines requires detailed care. One should strive for perfect efficacy, not delay for ten years. Life and death involve great relationships, known only to Heaven. I earnestly exhort my colleagues: to save the world, you must act thus.
Loss of Qi and its imbalance is called "Ji" (disease); therefore, those with biased Qi disorders are also called "Ji". Nowadays, people dislike having faults, and when others advise them, they avoid treating their illnesses; many are averse to seeing doctors. However, the essentials of being a person are nothing more than Filial Piety, Fraternal Duty, Loyalty, Trustworthiness, Propriety, Righteousness, Integrity, and Sense of Shame. In my leisure time, I selected twenty-four fine medicinal materials and established a prescription named "Qianjin Buyi Dan" (Thousand-Gold Unchanging Pill). Let people take one dose daily. Each dose should be decocted together with roof drip water and fresh Galangal Rhizome (Xin Liangjiang). The taste is profound and long-lasting, worthy of careful contemplation.
Furthermore, using these eight virtues, I composed eight quatrain poems orally. While taking the medicine, sing them to swallow them down. Chew diligently and take slowly, and those illnesses will surely heal.
Respectfully presented to the virtuous scholars of the four directions. Do not discard the bitter medicine because of its taste and refuse to take it, thereby willingly remaining in chronic illness.
Qianjin Buyi Dan (Thousand-Gold Unchanging Pill)
For fathers, use Gardenia Fruit (Zhizi);
For sons, use Cyperus Rhizome (Xiangfu);
For mothers, use Lotus Seed (Lianzi);
For filial sons, use Motherwort Herb (Zhimu);
For elder brothers, use Sanguisorba Root (Diyu);
For younger brothers, use Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (Fuxiong);
For ministers, use Oolite (Zhongru);
For officials, use Schizonepeta Spike (Jingjie);
For husband and wife, use Albizia Bark (Hehuanpi);
For daughters-in-law, use Colocasia Corm (Cigu);
For friends, do not use Donkey-hide Gelatin (Ejiao); [Note: Metaphorical usage]
For sisters-in-law, do not use Magnolia Flower (Xinyi); [Note: Metaphorical usage]
In conduct, be like the Gentleman Bamboo (Junzi);
In dealing with others, be like Bitter Orange Peel (Zhishi - implying sincerity/substance);
In heart/mind, be simple and honest like Chinese Mahonia Stem (Nongpu);
In planning for the future, have Far-reaching Ambition (Yuanzhi);
For neighbors, use Apricot Kernel (Liren);
In poverty, be willing to be led like Sweet Vetch Root (Gansui); [Note: Metaphorical usage]
In wealth, do not be venomous like Wolfbane Root (Yelangdu); [Note: Metaphorical usage]
When facing wealth, do not be opportunistic like Goji Berry (Gouqi); [Note: Metaphorical usage]
Regarding principles/righteousness, have Clear Vision (Jueming);
For reading/studying, follow the Official Cassia (Guangui);
Regarding past events, be calm and unhurried like Cistanche Stem (Congrong);
When encountering matters, be upright like Hollyhock Flower (Shukui).