味甘，寒。主调中，明耳目。一名羊麻，一名羊粟。生下湿地，茎有节，节生根，五
采。
味甘，温，无毒。主治头眩痛，益气，长肌肉。一名地黄。三月采，立夏后母死。
味咸。主益气，明目。一名去母，一名更生。生蓝中，叶细黄，茎赤有刺。四月实，
黄中黑；五月采，阴干。
味甘，平，无毒。主明目，目中寒风，诸不足，水腹，邪气，补中，止泄利，女子白
一名阴洛。生鸡山，采无时。
味苦。主治阴痿。一名乌葵，如兰香，赤茎。生山阳，五月十五日采，阴干。
可使独守，叱咄人，寇盗不敢入门。生常山北共，八月采。
味甘，温，无毒。主益气，阴痿。生山泽中，状如兰，实如大豆，赤色。
味甘，无毒，主治痿痹，寒热，去黑子。生蓠木上，叶如葵，茎傍有角，汁白。
味甘，无毒。主治瘀血，止精，溢盛气。一名黑草。生山谷，如栝蒌。
味辛，平，无毒。主治痹气，强阴，治面劳疽，解烦，坚筋骨，治风头。可作沐药
蔓木上。一名鹿英。九月采，阴干。
味咸，无毒。主理心气不足。
〔附〕
（马唐）味甘，性寒。主要功效为调和脾胃，使耳目清明。又名羊麻，又名羊粟。生长在潮湿低洼之地，茎有节，节上生根，颜色五彩斑斓。
（地黄）味甘，性温，无毒。主治头晕头痛，能补益元气，促进肌肉生长。又名地黄。三月采收，立夏后植株枯萎死亡。
（星洛/泥洛）味甘，无毒。主治小便不通（癃闭）。又名星洛，又名泥洛。
（去母/更生）味咸。主要功效为补益元气，明目。又名去母，又名更生。生长在蓝草丛中，叶片细长呈黄色，茎部红色且有刺。四月结果，果实黄中透黑；五月采收，阴干备用。
（阴洛）味甘，性平，无毒。主要功效为明目，治疗眼中受风寒，调理各种虚损不足，消除腹水邪气，补益中气，止住泄泻痢疾，治疗女子白带异常。又名阴洛。生长在鸡山，采收时间不拘。
（乌葵）味苦。主治阳痿。又名乌葵，气味如兰香，茎部红色。生长在山的南面，五月十五日采收，阴干备用。
（独守）可使单独坚守，呵斥驱赶他人，连盗贼都不敢入门。生长在常山北面，八月采收。
（陇西产者）无毒。主治痹证，补益元气，使人食欲增加。生长在陇西。
（山泽产者）味甘，性温，无毒。主要功效为补益元气，治疗阳痿。生长在山水之间，形状像兰花，果实像大豆，呈赤色。
（山阴产者）味辛，性温，无毒。主治肺气上逆及肺脏损伤。生长在山的北面，根部像细辛。
（蓠木上生者）味甘，无毒。主治痿痹、寒热往来，去除黑痣。生长在篱笆树木上，叶子像葵菜，茎旁有棱角，汁液白色。
（黑草）味甘，无毒。主治瘀血，固摄精关，平息过盛之气。又名黑草。生长在山谷中，形状像栝蒌。
（鹿英）味辛，性平，无毒。主治痹气，强壮肾阴，治疗面部劳损疽疮，解除烦闷，坚固筋骨，治疗头风病。可用作洗头药物，攀附在蔓木上生长。又名鹿英。九月采收，阴干备用。
〔附〕
（芹华）味苦，无毒。主治气脉溢乱。另一种说法认为是芹菜的花。
（坚筋骨者）味甘，无毒。主治气逆上冲，解除烦闷，坚固筋骨。
Ma Tang (Setaria viridis): Sweet in flavor, cold in nature. Primarily regulates the middle jiao (digestive system) and clarifies the eyes and ears. Also known as Yang Ma, also known as Yang Su. Grows in damp, low-lying areas; the stem has nodes, from which roots emerge, displaying five colors.
Di Huang (Rehmannia glutinosa): Sweet in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Mainly treats dizziness and headache, tonifies qi, and promotes muscle growth. Also known as Di Huang. Harvested in March; the plant dies after Start of Summer.
Xing Luo / Ni Luo: Sweet in flavor, non-toxic. Mainly treats strangury (difficulty in urination). Also known as Xing Luo, also known as Ni Luo.
Qu Mu / Geng Sheng: Salty in flavor. Primarily tonifies qi and brightens the eyes. Also known as Qu Mu, also known as Geng Sheng. Grows among indigo plants; leaves are slender and yellow, stems are red with thorns. Bears fruit in April, yellow with black centers; harvested in May, dried in shade.
Yin Luo: Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Primarily brightens the eyes, treats wind-cold affecting the eyes, addresses various deficiencies, resolves abdominal fluid retention and pathogenic factors, tonifies the middle jiao, stops diarrhea and dysentery, and treats leukorrhea in women. Also known as Yin Luo. Grows on Ji Mountain; harvest time is unrestricted.
Wu Kui: Bitter in flavor. Mainly treats impotence. Also known as Wu Kui, smells like orchid, stems are red. Grows on the sunny side of mountains; harvested on the 15th day of the fifth lunar month, dried in shade.
Du Shou: Can stand guard alone; by shouting and cursing, it prevents thieves from entering. Grows north of Changshan; harvested in August.
Longxi Variety: Non-toxic. Mainly treats bi syndrome (painful obstruction), tonifies qi, and increases appetite. Grows in Longxi.
Shan Ze Variety: Sweet in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily tonifies qi and treats impotence. Grows in mountainous and marshy areas; resembles an orchid in shape, fruits resemble soybeans, reddish in color.
Shan Yin Variety: Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Mainly treats cough with rebellious qi and lung injury. Grows on the shady side of mountains; roots resemble Xin Xin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma).
Li Mu Variety: Sweet in flavor, non-toxic. Mainly treats flaccidity and bi syndrome, alternating chills and fever, and removes black spots. Grows on fence trees; leaves resemble Kai Cai (Chinese Cabbage), stems have angular edges, juice is white.
Hei Cao: Sweet in flavor, non-toxic. Mainly treats blood stasis, secures essence, and dissipates excessive qi. Also known as Hei Cao. Grows in valleys; resembles Gua Lou (Trichosanthes Fruit).
Lu Ying: Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature, non-toxic. Mainly treats bi qi (pathogenic qi causing obstruction), strengthens yin, treats facial sores due to overwork, relieves vexation, strengthens bones and tendons, and treats head wind. Can be used as a hair-washing medicine, growing on climbing vines. Also known as Lu Ying. Harvested in September, dried in shade.
Heart Qi Deficiency Variety: Salty in flavor, non-toxic. Primarily regulates insufficient heart qi.
[Appendix]
Qin Hua: Bitter in flavor, non-toxic. Mainly treats overflowing qi and vessels. Some say it refers to Celery flowers.
Jian Gu Jin Variety: Sweet in flavor, non-toxic. Mainly treats rebellious qi, relieves vexation, and strengthens bones and tendons.