论曰∶肿从内起，坚块四肢游肿，名为石水，其根在膀胱。盖肾主水，与膀胱合。膀胱
者，州都之宫，津液藏焉，气化则能出矣。今肾虚则膀胱气弱，膀胱气弱，则不能化气，而
隐滞不通，水液停结于脐腹间，故其证胸腹鼓满，按之如石，胁下胀痛，其脉沉迟，身体发
热，四肢头面皆肿也。
治膀胱石水，四肢瘦。桑白皮汤方。
桑根白皮（切三两） 射干 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 黄芩（去黑心） 白术（各二两） 泽
漆
（炙，锉） 防己 泽泻（各一两）
上八味，粗捣筛。每服以水三盏，煮大豆一撮，至一盏半，去豆下药末三钱匕，煎至七
分，去滓温服，日二夜一。
治石水，四肢细瘦，腹独肿大，状如怀娠，心中妨满，食即气急。楮皮汤方。
楮白皮（炙，锉） 桑根白皮（锉） 防己（锉各一两半） 泽漆茎叶（炙，锉半两） 射
干
白术 赤茯苓（去黑皮各一两） 大豆（炒半两）
上八味，粗捣筛。每服五钱匕，水二盏，酒一盏，煎至一盏，去滓温服，日三夜一。
治石水四肢细瘦，腹独肿大。海蛤丸方。
海蛤（研三分） 葶苈（隔纸炒） 桑根白皮（切各一两） 赤茯苓（去黑皮一两） 郁
李仁（
汤浸去皮，炒） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白，炒各半两） 防己（锉三分）
上七味，捣罗为末，炼蜜丸如小豆大。每服二十丸，渐加至三十丸，米饮下，早晚各一
服。
治石水，四肢细瘦，腹肿，心中妨满，食即喘急。桑根白皮汤方。
桑根白皮（锉） 泽漆（炙，锉各二两） 防己（锉） 射干 白术 楮白皮（炙，锉）
大豆
（各一两）
上七味，粗捣筛。每服五钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓温服，日三夜一。
治石水。鳖甲丸方。
鳖甲（去裙 ，醋炙） 吴茱萸（汤浸去涎，焙干，炒） 诃黎勒皮（锉，炒） 青橘
皮（汤
浸去白，焙） 京三棱（炮各二两） 牵牛子（炒一两）
上六味，捣罗为末，醋煮面糊和丸如梧桐子大。每服二十丸，生姜橘皮汤下，微利为度
治石水，四肢瘦，腹肿。杏仁丸方。
杏仁（汤浸去皮尖、双仁，炒） 苦瓠（取膜，微炒各一两）
上二味，捣罗为末，煮面糊和丸如小豆大。每服十丸，米饮下，日三服，水出为度。
治石水。葶苈丸方。
葶苈（隔纸炒） 桃仁（汤浸去皮尖、双仁，炒各二两）
上二味，捣罗为末，面糊和丸如小豆大。每服十丸，米饮下，日三夜一，小便利为度。
论述说：水肿从体内发起，四肢出现坚硬的肿块并伴有游走性肿胀，这种病症称为石水，其病根在于膀胱。因为肾主司水液代谢，与膀胱相表里配合。膀胱是州都之官（指膀胱为津液汇聚之处），津液在此贮藏，经过气化作用才能排出体外。如今肾虚导致膀胱之气虚弱，膀胱气弱则无法进行正常的气化功能，致使水液隐伏停滞、运行不畅，停聚结块在脐腹之间，所以症状表现为胸腹部鼓胀饱满，按压时感觉坚硬如石头，胁肋下方胀痛，脉象沉迟，身体发热，四肢、头部和面部都出现浮肿。
治疗膀胱石水，四肢消瘦的桑白皮汤方。
桑根白皮（切细，三两） 射干 赤茯苓（去除黑皮） 黄芩（去除黑心） 白术（各二两） 泽漆（炙烤后切碎） 防己 泽泻（各一两）
以上八味药，捣碎并筛粗末。每次服用三钱匕的药末，用水三盏，加入一撮大豆一起煮，煮至一盏半时，去掉大豆，放入药末，煎煮至七分满，去渣后温服，每天两次，夜间一次。
治疗石水，四肢细瘦，唯独腹部肿大，形状像怀孕一样，心中憋闷胀满，进食后即气喘急促的楮皮汤方。
楮白皮（炙烤后切碎） 桑根白皮（切碎） 防己（切碎，各一两半） 泽漆茎叶（炙烤后切碎，半两） 射干 白术 赤茯苓（去除黑皮，各一两） 大豆（炒制，半两）
以上八味药，捣碎并筛粗末。每次服用五钱匕的药末，用水二盏，酒一盏，煎煮至一盏满，去渣后温服，每天三次，夜间一次。
治疗石水四肢细瘦，唯独腹部肿大的海蛤丸方。
海蛤（研碎，三分） 葶苈子（隔纸炒） 桑根白皮（切细，各一两） 赤茯苓（去除黑皮，一两） 郁李仁（用热水浸泡去皮，炒制） 陈橘皮（用热水浸泡去白瓤，炒制，各半两） 防己（切碎，三分）
以上七味药，捣碎过罗成细末，用炼蜜制成如小豆大小的丸剂。每次服用二十丸，逐渐增加至三十丸，用米汤送服，早晚各一次。
治疗石水，四肢细瘦，腹部肿胀，心中憋闷胀满，进食即气喘急促的桑根白皮汤方。
桑根白皮（切碎） 泽漆（炙烤后切碎，各二两） 防己（切碎） 射干 白术 楮白皮（炙烤后切碎） 大豆（各一两）
以上七味药，捣碎并筛粗末。每次服用五钱匕的药末，用水二盏，煎煮至一盏满，去渣后温服，每天三次，夜间一次。
治疗石水的鳖甲丸方。
鳖甲（去除裙边，醋炙） 吴茱萸（用热水浸泡去涎沫，焙干，炒制） 诃黎勒皮（切碎，炒制） 青橘皮（用热水浸泡去白瓤，焙干） 京三棱（炮制，各二两） 牵牛子（炒制，一两）
以上六味药，捣碎过罗成细末，用醋煮面糊调和，制成如梧桐子大小的丸剂。每次服用二十丸，用生姜橘皮汤送服，以轻微腹泻为度。
治疗石水，四肢消瘦，腹部肿胀的杏仁丸方。
杏仁（用热水浸泡去皮尖及双仁者，炒制） 苦瓠（取膜，微炒，各一两）
以上两味药，捣碎过罗成细末，用煮面的糊状物调和，制成如小豆大小的丸剂。每次服用十丸，用米汤送服，每天三次，以小便通利排出水湿为度。
治疗石水的葶苈丸方。
葶苈子（隔纸炒） 桃仁（用热水浸泡去皮尖及双仁者，炒制，各二两）
以上两味药，捣碎过罗成细末，用面糊调和，制成如小豆大小的丸剂。每次服用十丸，用米汤送服，每天三次，夜间一次，以小便利下为度。
Commentary states: Edema originates internally, characterized by hard masses and wandering swelling in the four limbs; this condition is named Shi Shui (Stone Water), with its root in the Bladder. The Kidney governs water metabolism and pairs with the Bladder. The Bladder is the palace of the Zhou Du (a term referring to the reservoir for body fluids), where body fluids are stored and can be excreted through Qi transformation. Currently, Kidney deficiency leads to weakness of Bladder Qi; when Bladder Qi is weak, it cannot perform Qi transformation, causing fluids to stagnate invisibly and obstruct flow. Fluids accumulate and knot in the umbilical and abdominal regions. Therefore, the symptoms include distension and fullness of the chest and abdomen, hardness like stone upon palpation, distending pain under the hypochondrium, a deep and slow pulse, feverish sensation in the body, and edema of the four limbs, head, and face.
Sang Bai Pi Tang (Mulberry Root Bark Decoction) for treating Bladder Shi Shui with emaciated limbs.
Morus Albae Cortex (Radix Mori Cortex, cut, 3 liang); Belamcandae Rhizoma (Shegan); Polyporus Umbellatus (Chi Fuling, remove black skin); Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, remove black heart); Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) (each 2 liang); Phytolaccae Radix (Zeqi, roasted and chopped); Podocarpi Caulis et Folium (Fangji); Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie) (each 1 liang).
The above eight ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. For each dose, use three cups of water, boil one handful of Glycine Max (Da Dou/Soybean), until reduced to one and a half cups. Remove the beans, add three qianbi of the coarse powder, and decoct until seven-tenths remain. Strain and take warm. Administer twice daily and once at night.
Chu Pi Tang (Broussonetia Bark Decoction) for treating Shi Shui with thin limbs, isolated abdominal enlargement resembling pregnancy, central chest oppression and fullness, and shortness of breath immediately after eating.
Broussonetiae Cortex (Chu Baidi, roasted and chopped); Morus Albae Cortex (Sang Gen Baidi, chopped); Podocarpi Caulis et Folium (Fangji, chopped, each 1.5 liang); Phytolaccae Caulis et Folium (Zeqi Jingye, roasted and chopped, 0.5 liang); Belamcandae Rhizoma (Shegan); Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu); Polyporus Umbellatus (Chi Fuling, remove black skin, each 1 liang); Glycine Max (Da Dou, roasted, 0.5 liang).
The above eight ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. For each dose, use five qianbi of powder, two cups of water, and one cup of wine. Decoct until one cup remains. Strain and take warm. Administer three times daily and once at night.
Hai Ge Wan (Clam Pill) for treating Shi Shui with thin limbs and isolated abdominal enlargement.
Concha Meretricis (Hai Ge, ground, 3 fen); Lepidii Semen (Tingli, stir-fried between papers); Morus Albae Cortex (Sang Gen Baidi, cut, each 1 liang); Polyporus Umbellatus (Chi Fuling, remove black skin, 1 liang); Pruni Semen (Yuliren, soaked in hot water, peel removed, roasted); Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chen Jupi, soaked in hot water, white pith removed, roasted, each 0.5 liang); Podocarpi Caulis et Folium (Fangji, chopped, 3 fen).
The above seven ingredients are crushed, sieved into fine powder, and mixed with refined honey to form pills the size of small beans. Take twenty pills per dose, gradually increasing to thirty pills, taken with rice drink, morning and evening.
Sang Gen Baidi Tang (Mulberry Root Bark Decoction) for treating Shi Shui with thin limbs, abdominal swelling, central chest oppression, and panting after eating.
Morus Albae Cortex (Sang Gen Baidi, chopped); Phytolaccae Radix (Zeqi, roasted and chopped, each 2 liang); Podocarpi Caulis et Folium (Fangji, chopped); Belamcandae Rhizoma (Shegan); Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu); Broussonetiae Cortex (Chu Baidi, roasted and chopped); Glycine Max (Da Dou) (each 1 liang).
The above seven ingredients are coarsely crushed and sifted. For each dose, use five qianbi of powder and two cups of water. Decoct until one cup remains. Strain and take warm. Administer three times daily and once at night.
Bie Jia Wan (Turtle Shell Pill) for treating Shi Shui.
Testudinis Carapax et Plastrum (Bie Jia, remove skirt edge, vinegar-roasted); Evodiae Fructus (Wuzhuyu, soak in hot water to remove saliva, bake dry, roast); Terminalia Chebulae Fructus (Helilepi, chopped, roast); Aurantii Fructus Viridis (Qing Jupi, soak in hot water, remove white pith, bake); Sparganii Rhizoma (Jingsanleng, processed, each 2 liang); Pharbitidis Semen (Qianniuzi, roasted, 1 liang).
The above six ingredients are crushed, sieved into fine powder, and mixed with vinegar-boiled wheat paste to form pills the size of Sophora japonica seeds. Take twenty pills per dose, washed down with Ginger and Tangerine Peel Decoction. Stop when mild diarrhea occurs.
Xing Ren Wan (Apricot Kernel Pill) for treating Shi Shui with emaciated limbs and abdominal swelling.
Pruni Armeniaci Semen Amarum (Xingren, soak in hot water, remove skin and tip, remove double-kernel ones, roast); Cucurbita Citrullina (Ku Hu, take the membrane, lightly roast, each 1 liang).
The above two ingredients are crushed, sieved into fine powder, and mixed with boiled wheat paste to form pills the size of small beans. Take ten pills per dose, washed down with rice drink, three times daily. Stop when urine flows freely.
Tingli Wan (Lepidium Pill) for treating Shi Shui.
Lepidii Semen (Tingli, stir-fried between papers); Persicae Semen (Taoren, soak in hot water, remove skin and tip, remove double-kernel ones, roast, each 2 liang).
The above two ingredients are crushed, sieved into fine powder, and mixed with wheat paste to form pills the size of small beans. Take ten pills per dose, washed down with rice drink, three times daily and once at night. Stop when urination becomes smooth.