论曰∶《内经》言，肾者，牝脏也。肾主水，故人勇而劳甚，则肾汗出。肾汗既出，复
感于风，内不得入于脏腑，外不得越于皮肤，客于玄府，行于皮里，传为 肿，本之于肾，
名曰风水。其脉自浮，其外证骨节疼痛而恶风，且身肿如裹水之状，颈脉动、时咳者是也。
《金匮》方云，脉浮而洪，浮则为风，洪则为气，风气相搏，身体洪肿，汗出乃愈。恶风者，
为风水；不恶风者，小便通利，上焦有寒，其口多涎，此为黄汗。二者之证，不可不察。
治风水遍身肿，骨节疼痛，恶风脚弱，汗出不仁。麻黄石膏汤方。
麻黄（去根节六两） 石膏（八两） 甘草（炙二两） 白术（三两） 附子（炮裂，
去皮
脐一枚）
上五味， 咀如麻豆。每服五钱匕，水二盏，入生姜一枣大拍碎，大枣二枚劈破，
同煎至一盏，去滓温服，日三，服讫复令汗出愈。
治风水，头重面肿。苍术饮方。
苍术（米泔浸、切、曝干） 杏仁（去皮尖、双仁，炒） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 桑根白
皮（各
一两半） 商陆根（二两半） 连皮大腹（四枚） 嫩楮枝（切三合）
上七味， 咀如麻豆。每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎至一盏，去滓，食前温服，日三。
治风水，身体面目尽浮肿，腰背连引髀股满，不能食。麻黄汤方。
麻黄（去根节三两） 桂（去粗皮二两） 甘草（炙一两） 附子（炮裂，去皮脐二枚）
上四味， 咀如麻豆。每服三钱匕，水一盏半，生姜一枣大拍碎，同煎至一盏，去滓
温服，日三。
治风水举身肿满，短气欲绝。大豆汤方。
杏仁（汤浸去皮尖、双仁，炒三两） 黄 （锉一两） 防风（去叉） 白术（锉各一
两半）
防己 麻黄（去根节） 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 甘草（炙各二两）
上八味，粗捣筛。每服五钱匕，先用水三盏，煮大豆一合取熟，去豆，入酒一合，与药
同煎至一盏，去滓温服，日三。当下小便愈。
治风水面肿骨痛，恶风咳喘。防己饮方。
防己 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 桑根白皮 羌活（去芦头各一两） 苍术（米泔浸一宿，切，
焙）
上六味， 咀如麻豆。每服五钱匕，水一盏半，煎取一盏，去滓温服，不拘时候，日三
治风水脉浮，浮为在表，其人或头面汗出，表无他病，但腰以下肿。防己汤方。
防己 白术（锉各二两） 甘草（炙一两） 黄 （锉二两半）
上四味，粗捣筛。每服三钱匕，水一盏半，生姜一枣大拍碎，枣二枚劈，同煎至七分。
去滓温服。如喘，加麻黄二两去根节；身重，胃中不和，加桂二两去粗皮；心下久寒，
加细辛二两去苗叶。服讫浓衣复取汗则愈。
治风水恶风，举身悉肿，脉浮不渴，自汗而无大热。越婢汤方。
麻黄（去根节三两） 甘草（炙一两） 石膏（碎二两） 白术（四两）
上四味，粗捣筛。每服三钱匕，水一盏半，生姜一枣大拍碎，枣二枚（劈），同煎至一
盏，去滓温服，日再。如恶风，加附子一枚；咳嗽肺胀，加半夏一两。
治风水遍身肿。橘皮汤方。
陈橘皮（汤浸去白，焙）一两 楮白皮（炙，锉）一两半 桑根白皮（锉）二两半 紫
苏子（
炒）二两
上四味，粗捣筛。每服三钱匕，水一盏半，生姜一枣大（拍破），同煎至一盏，去滓温
服，日三。
论述说：《内经》中提到，肾属于阴脏（牝脏）。肾主管水液代谢，因此当人勇敢用力或过度劳累时，就会导致肾汗排出。肾汗已经排出后，如果再次感受风邪，风邪既不能进入脏腑内部，也不能发散于皮肤表面，而是停留在玄府（汗孔），运行于皮下组织之间，从而传变为水肿，其根本在于肾脏，这种病称为风水。其脉象表现为浮脉，外部症状包括骨节疼痛、怕风，身体肿胀如同包裹着水一样，颈部脉搏跳动、时常咳嗽就是这种情况。
《金匮要略》中的方论指出，脉象浮而洪大，浮脉代表风邪，洪脉代表气盛，风邪与气相搏结，导致身体高度肿胀，通过出汗才能痊愈。如果怕风，这是风水证；如果不怕风，小便通畅，上焦有寒邪，口中多唾液，这称为黄汗。这两种证候，不可不仔细辨别。
治疗风水引起的全身肿胀、骨节疼痛、怕风、脚部软弱无力、出汗且感觉迟钝（麻木）的方剂：麻黄石膏汤方。
药材：麻黄（去除根和节，六两）、石膏（八两）、甘草（炙制，二两）、白术（三两）、附子（炮制裂开，去皮和脐，一枚）。
以上五味药，捣碎如麻豆大小。每次服用五钱匕，加水两盏，放入一块生姜（拍碎）、大枣两枚（劈开），一同煎煮至一盏，去渣，温服，每日三次。服药后应使其出汗，即可痊愈。
治疗风水引起的头部沉重、面部肿胀的方剂：苍术饮方。
药材：苍术（米泔水浸泡、切片、晒干）、杏仁（去皮尖、双仁，炒制）、赤茯苓（去掉黑皮）、桑根白皮（各一两半）、商陆根（二两半）、连皮的大腹（四枚）、嫩楮枝（切三合）。
以上七味药，捣碎如麻豆大小。每次服用五钱匕，加水一盏半，煎煮至一盏，去渣，饭前温服，每日三次。
治疗风水引起的全身及面目完全浮肿、腰背牵连大腿根部胀满、不能进食的方剂：麻黄汤方。
药材：麻黄（去除根和节，三两）、桂枝（去除粗皮，二两）、甘草（炙制，一两）、附子（炮制裂开，去皮和脐，二枚）。
以上四味药，捣碎如麻豆大小。每次服用三钱匕，加水一盏半，放入一块生姜（拍碎），一同煎煮至一盏，去渣，温服，每日三次。
治疗风水引起全身肿胀胀满、呼吸短促几乎断绝的方剂：大豆汤方。
药材：杏仁（热水浸泡去皮尖、双仁，炒制，三两）、黄芪（锉碎，一两）、防风（去除叉状分枝）、白术（锉碎，各一两半）、防己、麻黄（去除根和节）、赤茯苓（去除黑皮）、甘草（炙制，各二两）。
以上八味药，粗捣筛过。每次服用五钱匕，先用水三盏，煮大豆一合至熟，去掉豆子，加入酒一合，与药物一同煎煮至一盏，去渣，温服，每日三次。服药后应当通利小便而痊愈。
治疗风水引起的面部肿胀、骨痛、怕风、咳嗽气喘的方剂：防己饮方。
药材：防己、赤茯苓（去除黑皮）、桑根白皮、羌活（去除芦头，各一两）、苍术（米泔水浸泡一夜，切片，焙干）。
以上六味药，捣碎如麻豆大小。每次服用五钱匕，加水一盏半，煎取一盏，去渣，温服，不限时候，每日三次。
治疗风水脉象浮，浮脉表示病在表，患者或者头面出汗，体表没有其他疾病，只是腰部以下肿胀的方剂：防己汤方。
药材：防己、白术（锉碎，各二两）、甘草（炙制，一两）、黄芪（锉碎，二两半）。
以上四味药，粗捣筛过。每次服用三钱匕，加水一盏半，放入一块生姜（拍碎）、大枣两枚（劈开），一同煎煮至七分。去渣，温服。如果出现喘息，加麻黄二两（去除根和节）；如果身体沉重，胃中不和，加桂枝二两（去除粗皮）；如果心下长期有寒邪，加细辛二两（去除苗叶）。服药后用厚衣服覆盖以取得汗出，即可痊愈。
治疗风水怕风，全身全部肿胀，脉象浮但不口渴，自汗出而没有大热的方剂：越婢汤方。
药材：麻黄（去除根和节，三两）、甘草（炙制，一两）、石膏（打碎，二两）、白术（四两）。
以上四味药，粗捣筛过。每次服用三钱匕，加水一盏半，放入一块生姜（拍破）、大枣两枚（劈开），一同煎煮至一盏，去渣，温服，每日两次。如果怕风，加附子一枚；如果咳嗽肺胀，加半夏一两。
治疗风水引起全身肿胀的方剂：橘皮汤方。
药材：陈橘皮（热水浸泡去白瓤，焙干）一两、楮白皮（炙制，锉碎）一两半、桑根白皮（锉碎）二两半、紫苏子（炒制）二两。
以上四味药，粗捣筛过。每次服用三钱匕，加水一盏半，放入一块生姜（拍破），一同煎煮至一盏，去渣，温服，每日三次。
Commentary states: The *Neijing* (Inner Canon) mentions that the Kidney is a Yin organ. The Kidney governs water metabolism; therefore, when a person exerts themselves bravely or works excessively, Kidney sweat is produced. Once this Kidney sweat has been discharged, if the body is subsequently exposed to Wind pathogen, the pathogen cannot enter the Zang-Fu organs internally nor diffuse out through the skin. Instead, it lodges in the Xuanfu (pores), circulates within the subcutaneous tissue, and transforms into edema. Rooted in the Kidney, this condition is named Fengshui (Wind Edema). The pulse is floating. External signs include pain in the bone joints, aversion to wind, a swollen body resembling one wrapped in water, pulsation of the neck vessels, and occasional coughing.
The formula commentary in the *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) states: A pulse that is floating and surging indicates that floating represents Wind and surging represents Qi. When Wind and Qi contend with each other, severe swelling of the body occurs, which resolves only after sweating. If there is aversion to wind, it is classified as Fengshui (Wind Edema); if there is no aversion to wind, urination is free, there is cold in the Upper Jiao, and excessive salivation, it is classified as Huanghan (Yellow Sweat). These two syndromes must be carefully distinguished.
For treating Fengshui characterized by generalized edema, bone joint pain, aversion to wind, weakness in the legs, sweating with numbness/insensitivity: Mahuang Shigao Tang (Ephedra and Gypsum Decoction).
Ingredients: Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) [6 liang, roots and nodes removed], Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) [8 liang], Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [2 liang, honey-fried], Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) [3 liang], Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) [1 piece, processed until cracked, peel and navel removed].
Crush the above five herbs to the size of hemp seeds. Take 5 qianbi per dose, add 2 zhan of water, 1 jujube-sized piece of fresh ginger (crushed), and 2 dates (split). Decoct together until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take warm. Administer three times daily. After administration, induce sweating for recovery.
For treating Fengshui characterized by heavy head and facial swelling: Cangzhu Yin (Atractylodes Decoction).
Ingredients: Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Cangzhu, 苍术) [soaked in rice wash water, sliced, dried], Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) [peeled, tips removed, double-kernel, stir-fried], Poria (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [black skin removed], Morus Radicis Cortex (Sangbaipí, 桑根白皮) [each 1.5 liang], Phytolaccae Radix (Shanglugen, 商陆根) [2.5 liang], Betel Nut with Peel (Dafu, 大腹) [4 pieces], Young Broussonetiae Ramulus (Chuzhi, 楮枝) [sliced, 3 he].
Crush the above seven herbs to the size of hemp seeds. Take 5 qianbi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take warm before meals. Administer three times daily.
For treating Fengshui characterized by complete edema of the body and face, fullness extending from the lower back to the thighs, and inability to eat: Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction).
Ingredients: Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) [3 liang, roots and nodes removed], Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) [2 liang, outer bark removed], Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [1 liang, honey-fried], Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) [2 pieces, processed until cracked, peel and navel removed].
Crush the above four herbs to the size of hemp seeds. Take 3 qianbi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water and 1 jujube-sized piece of fresh ginger (crushed). Decoct together until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take warm. Administer three times daily.
For treating Fengshui characterized by generalized swelling and distension, shortness of breath nearly to the point of suffocation: Dadou Tang (Soybean Decoction).
Ingredients: Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) [soaked in hot water, peeled, tips removed, double-kernel, stir-fried, 3 liang], Astragali Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪) [coarsely cut, 1 liang], Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风) [forked parts removed], Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) [coarsely cut, each 1.5 liang], Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji, 防己), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) [roots and nodes removed], Poria (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [black skin removed], Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [honey-fried, each 2 liang].
Coarsely crush and sieve the above eight herbs. Take 5 qianbi per dose. First, boil 1 he of soybeans in 3 zhan of water until cooked, remove the beans, add 1 he of wine, and decoct with the herbs until 1 zhan remains. Strain and take warm. Administer three times daily. Recovery is expected with increased urination.
For treating Fengshui characterized by facial swelling, bone pain, aversion to wind, cough, and wheezing: Fangji Yin (Stephania Decoction).
Ingredients: Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji, 防己), Poria (Chifuling, 赤茯苓) [black skin removed], Morus Radicis Cortex (Sangbaipí, 桑根白皮), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活) [rhizome removed, each 1 liang], Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu, 苍术) [soaked in rice wash water overnight, sliced, dried].
Crush the above six herbs to the size of hemp seeds. Take 5 qianbi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, decoct until 1 zhan remains, strain, and take warm at any time. Administer three times daily.
For treating Fengshui with a floating pulse (indicating exterior syndrome), where the patient may have sweating on the head and face, no other exterior symptoms, but edema below the waist: Fangji Tang (Stephania Decoction).
Ingredients: Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji, 防己), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) [coarsely cut, each 2 liang], Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [1 liang, honey-fried], Astragali Radix (Huangqi, 黄芪) [coarsely cut, 2.5 liang].
Coarsely crush and sieve the above four herbs. Take 3 qianbi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, 1 jujube-sized piece of fresh ginger (crushed), and 2 dates (split). Decoct until 70% remains. Strain and take warm. If wheezing occurs, add Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) [2 liang, roots and nodes removed]; if the body feels heavy and the stomach is uncomfortable, add Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) [2 liang, outer bark removed]; if there is long-standing cold in the epigastrium, add Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛) [2 liang, seedlings and leaves removed]. After administration, cover with thick clothing to induce sweating for recovery.
For treating Fengshui with aversion to wind, generalized swelling, floating pulse without thirst, spontaneous sweating, and absence of high fever: Yebiban Tang (Yi Ma Bi Decoction).
Ingredients: Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) [3 liang, roots and nodes removed], Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [1 liang, honey-fried], Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) [crushed, 2 liang], Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) [4 liang].
Coarsely crush and sieve the above four herbs. Take 3 qianbi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water, 1 jujube-sized piece of fresh ginger (crushed), and 2 dates (split). Decoct until 1 zhan remains. Strain and take warm. Administer twice daily. If aversion to wind persists, add Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 附子) [1 piece]; if cough and lung distension occur, add Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) [1 liang].
For treating Fengshui characterized by generalized edema: Jupi Tang (Tangerine Peel Decoction).
Ingredients: Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮) [soaked in hot water, white pith removed, dried, 1 liang], Broussonetiae Cortex (Chubaipi, 楮白皮) [processed, coarsely cut, 1.5 liang], Morus Radicis Cortex (Sangbaipí, 桑根白皮) [coarsely cut, 2.5 liang], Perillae Fructus (Zisuzi, 紫苏子) [stir-fried, 2 liang].
Coarsely crush and sieve the above four herbs. Take 3 qianbi per dose, add 1.5 zhan of water and 1 jujube-sized piece of fresh ginger (crushed). Decoct until 1 zhan remains. Strain and take warm. Administer three times daily.