论曰脉经谓热在上焦，因咳为肺痿，其病之所得，或因汗出，或因呕吐，或因消渴，小
便利数，或因便难，数被快药下利，重亡津液，故得之。诊其寸口脉数而虚，其人胸烦多唾
，唇燥小便难，或欲咳不得咳，咳则出干沫，胸中隐隐痛者是也。
治肺痿经年咳嗽不止，唾成五色，喘息促急，食少羸瘦，天门冬丸方
天门冬（去心焙半两） 大麻仁 紫苏子（炒别研入） 大黄（锉炒） 浓朴（去细皮
生姜汁炙） 款冬花（去梗） 贝母（煨去心各半两） 升麻（锉） 麻黄（去根节） 甘
草（炙锉） 桔梗（锉炒） 五味子（炒） 陈橘皮（汤浸去白焙各一分） 杏仁（四十九
枚去皮尖双仁炒研） 紫菀（洗去苗土三分）
上一十五味，捣研为末，炼蜜为丸，如梧桐子大，食后蜜汤下二十五丸，日再，如利即
减丸数。
治肺痿四肢烦热，涕唾稠粘，杏子汤方
杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒） 升麻（各一分） 桔梗（锉炒） 紫苏茎叶（三分） 马兜铃
（一钱半） 五味子（炒）
上八味，细锉，每服五钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓温服，日再。
治虚寒肺痿喘气，干地黄汤方
熟干地黄（焙） 芎 （各五两） 桂（去粗皮） 人参（各三两） 大麻仁（一升炒
研为脂） 桑根白皮（锉
上六味，除麻仁外，并细锉，每服五钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓入麻仁少许，更煎
数沸，温服日三。
治肺痿咳嗽，唾如稠涎，羸瘦喘急盗汗，旋复花汤方
旋复花 甘草（炙） 牡蛎（末各一分） 葳蕤 紫菀（洗去土） 桔梗（锉炒半两） 生
地黄汁 生姜
上八味，除地黄生姜汁外，并细锉，每服五钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓，次下地黄
生姜汁少许，再煎取八分，食后温服。
治肺痿嗽，唾如牛涎，日夜不已，坐卧不安，肋痛，款冬花汤方
款冬花 赤茯苓（去黑皮） 紫菀（去苗土） 獭肝（炙碾末） 甘草（炙） 桔梗（锉
炒） 贝母（煨去心各
上一十味，除獭肝蛤蚧外，细锉，每服五钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓下蛤蚧獭肝末
，各少许，食后温服。
治肺痿咳嗽，涕唾稠粘，小便不利，紫菀汤方
紫菀（去苗土） 桔梗（锉炒） 木通（锉） 白蒺藜（炒去角） 桑根白皮（锉） 赤
茯苓（去黑皮各三分）
上九味，粗捣筛，每服四钱匕，水一盏，煎至七分，去滓，不计时候温服。
治肺痿唾脓血多咳嗽，日渐羸劣，紫菀汤方
紫菀（去苗土） 天门冬（去心焙） 桔梗（炒各半两） 白茯苓（去黑皮） 知母（焙
各一分） 生百合（三枚） 生地黄汁（不拘多少）
上七味，除地黄外，并细锉，每服五钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓入地黄汁少许，
食后温服，要利加朴硝少许，汤成下，此疾利多，为肺与大肠合，故秘涩者少。
治肺痿咳嗽气喘，喉中有血，犀角饮方
犀角（镑） 竹茹（各一两） 桔梗（炒） 紫胡（去苗） 黄芩（去黑心一两半） 朴
硝生天门冬（去心各二两）
上七味， 咀，每服五钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓下朴硝少许，温服。
治肺痿咳嗽日久，喘急，仰卧不安，白前汤方
白前 木通（锉各二两） 防己 麻黄（去根节各一两半） 白茯苓（去黑皮） 浓朴
（去粗皮生姜汁
上八味，细锉，每服五钱匕，水二盏，煎至一盏，去滓食后良久温服，日三，胸中有脓
者，当得吐出。
治肺痿久嗽，杏仁煎方
杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒黄研） 阿胶（炙燥各半两） 栝蒌（二两锉） 人参（一两） 贝
母（去心焙） 丹砂（
上六味，捣研为末，入瓷器中，同白饧三两熬成煎，每服皂子大，食后夜卧时含化。
治伤中脉绝筋急，肺痿咳嗽，鹿髓煎方
鹿髓（半升） 蜜酥（各一两） 生地黄（取汁五合） 杏仁 桃仁（各三两汤浸去
皮尖双仁炒捣碎
上六味，先煎桃仁杏仁地黄汁减半，次下鹿髓酥蜜，煎如稀饧，每服一匙头许，徐徐咽
服，空心食前，日三。
治肺痿劳伤吐血，补肺散方
黄明胶（炙燥二两） 花桑叶（阴干二两）
上二味，捣罗为细散，每服三钱匕，用生地黄汁调下，糯米饮亦得。
论述说：《脉经》指出，热邪位于上焦，因咳嗽而发展为肺痿。这种病的成因，可能是因为发汗过多，或者呕吐，或者消渴病导致小便频数，或者大便困难时多次使用峻下药物导致腹泻，从而严重耗伤津液，因此患病。诊察其寸口脉象，表现为数而虚，患者胸部烦闷、多唾沫，嘴唇干燥、小便困难，或者有咳嗽的感觉却咳不出来，咳嗽时吐出干稠的痰沫，胸部隐隐作痛，这就是肺痿的症状。
治疗病程经年、咳嗽不止、吐出五色痰涎、呼吸急促、饮食减少且身体消瘦的肺痿，天门冬丸方：
天门冬（去除心部，焙干半两） 大麻仁 紫苏子（炒后单独研碎加入） 大黄（锉碎炒制） 浓朴（去除细皮，用生姜汁炙烤） 款冬花（去除梗） 贝母（煨制去心，各半两） 升麻（锉碎） 麻黄（去除根和节） 甘草（炙烤锉碎） 桔梗（锉碎炒制） 五味子（炒制） 陈橘皮（汤浸后去除白瓤焙干，各一分） 杏仁（四十九枚，去皮尖双仁，炒后研碎） 紫菀（清洗去除苗土三分）
以上十五味药，捣碎研成细末，用炼蜜制成丸药，大小如梧桐子，饭后用蜂蜜水送服二十五丸，每日两次，如果出现腹泻就减少丸数。
治疗肺痿四肢烦热、鼻涕和唾液粘稠的杏子汤方：
杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒制） 升麻（各一分） 桔梗（锉碎炒制） 紫苏茎叶（三分） 马兜铃（一钱半） 五味子（炒制）
以上八味药，切碎，每次服用五钱匕，加水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服，每日两次。
治疗虚寒性肺痿气喘的干地黄汤方：
熟干地黄（焙干） 川芎（各五两） 桂枝（去除粗皮） 人参（各三两） 大麻仁（一升，炒后研成脂状） 桑根白皮（锉碎）
以上六味药，除麻仁外，其余切碎，每次服用五钱匕，加水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣后加入少许麻仁，再煮几沸，温服，每日三次。
治疗肺痿咳嗽、吐如稠涎、身体消瘦气喘且有盗汗的旋复花汤方：
旋复花 甘草（炙制） 牡蛎（研末，各一分） 葳蕤 紫菀（清洗去土） 桔梗（锉碎炒制半两） 生地黄汁 生姜
以上八味药，除生地黄和生姜汁外，其余切碎，每次服用五钱匕，加水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣，然后加入少许生地黄和生姜汁，再煎取八分，饭后温服。
治疗肺痿咳嗽，吐如牛涎，日夜不停，坐卧不安，胁肋疼痛的款冬花汤方：
款冬花 赤茯苓（去除黑皮） 紫菀（去除苗土） 獭肝（炙烤碾末） 甘草（炙制） 桔梗（锉碎炒制） 贝母（煨制去心，各...[原文此处似有缺字，依上下文推测为剂量]） ...蛤蚧 [注：原文“上一十味”但列举中未完全清晰列出所有十味，且最后提到蛤蚧，故提取时包含]
以上十味药，除獭肝和蛤蚧外，切碎，每次服用五钱匕，加水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣后加入少许蛤蚧和獭肝粉末，饭后温服。
治疗肺痿咳嗽、鼻涕唾液粘稠、小便不利的紫菀汤方：
紫菀（去除苗土） 桔梗（锉碎炒制） 木通（锉碎） 白蒺藜（炒制去角刺） 桑根白皮（锉碎） 赤茯苓（去除黑皮，各三分）
以上九味药，粗捣筛过，每次服用四钱匕，加水一盏，煎至七分，去渣，不限时候温服。
治疗肺痿吐脓血多、咳嗽、日渐消瘦衰弱的紫菀汤方：
紫菀（去除苗土） 天门冬（去心焙干） 桔梗（炒制，各半两） 白茯苓（去除黑皮） 知母（焙干，各一分） 生百合（三枚） 生地黄汁（不拘多少）
以上七味药，除地黄外，其余切碎，每次服用五钱匕，加水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣后加入少许生地黄汁，饭后温服。如果需要通便，加少许朴硝，药汤成后加入，此病利多，是因为肺与大肠相表里，所以便秘的情况较少。
治疗肺痿咳嗽气喘、喉中有血的犀角饮方：
犀角（镑片） 竹茹（各一两） 桔梗（炒制） 柴胡（去苗，原文“紫胡”应为“柴胡”之误或通假，按中医常规及语境修正为柴胡，但在实体提取中保留原文或标准名，此处翻译依常理译为柴胡，若严格对应原文则为紫胡/柴胡） 黄芩（去除黑心一两半） 朴硝 生天门冬（去心，各二两）
以上七味药，切碎，每次服用五钱匕，加水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣后加入少许朴硝，温服。
治疗肺痿咳嗽日久、气喘、仰卧不安的白前汤方：
白前 木通（锉碎，各二两） 防己 麻黄（去根节，各一两半） 白茯苓（去黑皮） 浓朴（去粗皮，生姜汁...[原文截断，依常理推断为炙]）
以上八味药，切碎，每次服用五钱匕，加水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣，饭后较长时间温服，每日三次，胸中有脓者，应当能吐出。
治疗肺痿久咳的杏仁煎方：
杏仁（去皮尖双仁炒黄研碎） 阿胶（炙燥，各半两） 栝蒌（二两锉碎） 人参（一两） 贝母（去心焙干） 丹砂 [原文此处似有缺字，依上下文推测为剂量]
以上六味药，捣碎研末，放入瓷器中，同白饧三两熬成膏煎，每次服用皂荚子大小，饭后和睡前含化。
治疗损伤中气、脉绝筋急、肺痿咳嗽的鹿髓煎方：
鹿髓（半升） 蜜酥（各一两） 生地黄（取汁五合） 杏仁 桃仁（各三两，汤浸去皮尖双仁炒捣碎）
以上六味药，先煎桃仁、杏仁和生地黄汁至减半，次加入鹿髓、酥、蜜，煎至如稀饧状，每次服用约一匙头，慢慢咽服，空腹饭前，每日三次。
治疗肺痿劳伤吐血的补肺散方：
黄明胶（炙燥二两） 花桑叶（阴干二两）
以上两味药，捣罗成细散，每次服用三钱匕，用生地黄汁调服，糯米饮也可以。
Commentary states: The *Mai Jing* (Pulse Classic) points out that heat in the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), due to coughing, develops into Fei Wei (Lung Flaccidity). The etiology of this disease may be due to excessive sweating, vomiting, Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome) causing frequent urination, or constipation treated repeatedly with harsh purgatives leading to diarrhea, thereby severely depleting body fluids. Upon examination, the Cun Kou (Radial Pulse at the wrist) pulse is rapid and deficient; the patient experiences chest irritability, excessive salivation, dry lips, difficult urination, a sensation of wanting to cough but being unable to do so, coughing up dry and sticky sputum, and dull pain in the chest. These are the manifestations of Lung Flaccidity.
For treating Lung Flaccidity characterized by chronic cough persisting for years, expectoration of five-colored phlegm, rapid breathing, reduced appetite, emaciation, the Tianmendong Wan (Asparagus Root Pill) formula is prescribed:
Tianmendong (Asparagi Radix, remove heart, dried, half liang) Dama Ren (Cannabis Seed) Zisu Zi (Perilla Fruit, stir-fried and ground separately) Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, cut and stir-fried) Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, remove fine bark, processed with ginger juice) Kuandonghua (Flos Farfarae, remove stems) Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus, baked, remove heart, each half liang) Shengma (Bunge's Bleedingheart Rhizome, cut) Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, remove roots and joints) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, processed and cut) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, cut and stir-fried) Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus, stir-fried) Chenjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, soaked in water, remove white pith, dried, each one fen) Xingren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen, 49 kernels, remove skin and pointed end, double-kernel, stir-fried and ground) Ziwan (Asternis Radix, wash and remove soil, three fen)
The above fifteen ingredients are crushed, ground into powder, and made into pills with refined honey, sized like wutong seeds. Take twenty-five pills after meals with honey water, twice daily. If diarrhea occurs, reduce the number of pills.
For treating Lung Flaccidity with vexatious heat in the four limbs and thick, sticky nasal discharge and saliva, the Xingzi Tang (Apricot Kernel Decoction) formula is prescribed:
Xingren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen, remove skin and pointed end, double-kernel, stir-fried) Shengma (Bunge's Bleedingheart Rhizome, each one fen) Jiegeng (Platocodonis Radix, cut and stir-fried) Zisu Jingye (Perillae Caulis et Folium, three fen) Madouling (Aristolochiae Fructus, one qian half) Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus, stir-fried)
The above eight ingredients are finely cut. Each dose consists of five qianbi, boiled in two zhan of water until one zhan remains. Strain and take warm, twice daily.
For treating deficiency-cold Lung Flaccidity with wheezing and shortness of breath, the Gadihuang Tang (Prepared Rehmannia Decoction) formula is prescribed:
Shu Dihuang (Prepared Rehmanniae Radix, dried) Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizome, each five liang) Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex, remove coarse bark) Renshen (Ginseng Radix, each three liang) Dama Ren (Cannabis Seed, one sheng, stir-fried and ground to fat) Sanggen Baipi (Mori Cortex, cut)
The above six ingredients, except for the hemp seed, are finely cut. Each dose consists of five qianbi, boiled in two zhan of water until one zhan remains. Strain, add a small amount of hemp seed, boil for a few more boils, and take warm, three times daily.
For treating Lung Flaccidity with cough, expectoration resembling thick saliva, emaciation, rapid breathing, and night sweats, the Xuanfuhua Tang (Inula Flower Decoction) formula is prescribed:
Xuanfuhua (Inulae Flos) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, processed) Muli (Ostreae Concha, powdered, each one fen) Weirui (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma) Ziwan (Asternis Radix, wash and remove soil) Jiegeng (Platocodonis Radix, cut and stir-fried, half liang) Shengdihuangzhi (Fresh Rehmanniae Radix Juice) Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens)
The above eight ingredients, except for fresh rehmannia juice and ginger juice, are finely cut. Each dose consists of five qianbi, boiled in two zhan of water until one zhan remains. Strain, then add a small amount of fresh rehmannia juice and ginger juice, boil again to obtain eight parts, and take warm after meals.
For treating Lung Flaccidity with cough, expectoration resembling ox saliva, ceaseless day and night, restlessness in sitting and lying, and hypochondriac pain, the Kuandonghua Tang (Flos Farfarae Decoction) formula is prescribed:
Kuandonghua (Flos Farfarae) Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Hosta Root, remove black skin) Ziwan (Asternis Radix, remove soil and sprouts) Taogan (Hydratis Liver, roasted and ground to powder) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, processed) Jiegeng (Platocodonis Radix, cut and stir-fried) Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus, baked, remove heart, each...) Gejie (Gekko, mentioned in preparation instructions)
The above ten ingredients, except for gejie and taogan, are finely cut. Each dose consists of five qianbi, boiled in two zhan of water until one zhan remains. Strain, add a small amount of gejie and taogan powder, and take warm after meals.
For treating Lung Flaccidity with cough, thick and sticky nasal discharge and saliva, and difficult urination, the Ziwan Tang (Asternis Radix Decoction) formula is prescribed:
Ziwan (Asternis Radix, remove soil and sprouts) Jiegeng (Platocodonis Radix, cut and stir-fried) Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, cut) Bai Jili (Tribuli Fructus, stir-fried and remove spines) Sanggen Baipi (Mori Cortex, cut) Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Hosta Root, remove black skin, each three fen)
The above nine ingredients are coarsely pounded and sieved. Each dose consists of four qianbi, boiled in one zhan of water until seven parts remain. Strain and take warm at any time.
For treating Lung Flaccidity with copious expectoration of pus and blood, cough, and progressive emaciation, the Ziwan Tang (Asternis Radix Decoction) formula is prescribed:
Ziwan (Asternis Radix, remove soil and sprouts) Tianmendong (Asparagi Radix, remove heart and dry) Jiegeng (Platocodonis Radix, stir-fried, each half liang) Bai Fuling (Poria, remove black skin) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, dried, each one fen) Sheng Baihe (Fresh Lilii Bulbus, three pieces) Shengdihuangzhi (Fresh Rehmanniae Radix Juice, as needed)
The above seven ingredients, except for rehmannia, are finely cut. Each dose consists of five qianbi, boiled in two zhan of water until one zhan remains. Strain, add a small amount of fresh rehmannia juice, and take warm after meals. If laxation is desired, add a small amount of Poxiao (Natrii Sulfas); add it when the decoction is ready. This disease tends towards frequent stools because the Lung and Large Intestine are interior-exterior related, so constipation is less common.
For treating Lung Flaccidity with cough, wheezing, and blood in the throat, the Xijiao Yin (Rhinoceros Horn Drink) formula is prescribed:
Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu, shaved) Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia, each one liang) Jiegeng (Platocodonis Radix, stir-fried) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, remove sprouts - note: text says "Zihu", likely variant/error for Chaihu) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, remove black heart, one and a half liang) Poxiao (Natrii Sulfas) Sheng Tianmendong (Fresh Asparagi Radix, remove heart, each two liang)
The above seven ingredients are chopped. Each dose consists of five qianbi, boiled in two zhan of water until one zhan remains. Strain, add a small amount of Poxiao, and take warm.
For treating Lung Flaccidity with long-standing cough, rapid breathing, and inability to lie flat, the Baiqian Tang (Cynanchi Stauntonii Caulis et Folium Decoction) formula is prescribed:
Baiqian (Cynanchi Stauntonii Caulis et Folium) Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, cut, each two liang) Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix) Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, remove roots and joints, each one and a half liang) Bai Fuling (Poria, remove black skin) Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, remove coarse bark, ginger juice...)
The above eight ingredients are finely cut. Each dose consists of five qianbi, boiled in two zhan of water until one zhan remains. Strain and take warm after a long interval post-meal, three times daily. If there is pus in the chest, it should be expectorated.
For treating long-standing cough due to Lung Flaccidity, the Xingren Jian (Apricot Kernel Electuary) formula is prescribed:
Xingren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen, remove skin and pointed end, double-kernel, stir-fried yellow and ground) Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla, processed and dried, each half liang) Gualou (Trichosanthis Fructus, two liang, cut) Renshen (Ginseng Radix, one liang) Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus, remove heart and dry) Dansha (Cinnabar, dosage omitted in text)
The above six ingredients are crushed and ground into powder, placed in a porcelain vessel, and boiled together with three liang of white maltose syrup until it becomes an electuary. Take a size similar to a soap pod, and dissolve slowly in the mouth after meals and before sleep.
For treating damage to the middle jiao, absent pulse, tendon tension, and Lung Flaccidity with cough, the Lusui Jian (Deer Marrow Electuary) formula is prescribed:
Lusui (Cervi Marrow, half sheng) Misu (Honey and Butter, each one liang) Sheng Dihuang (Fresh Rehmanniae Radix, extract five he of juice) Xingren (Pruni Armeniaci Semen) Taoren (Persicae Semen, each three liang, soaked in water, remove skin and pointed end, double-kernel, stir-fried and crushed)
The above six ingredients: first boil peach kernel, apricot kernel, and fresh rehmannia juice until reduced by half. Then add deer marrow, butter, and honey, boil until resembling thin maltose syrup. Take about one spoonful, swallow slowly, on an empty stomach before meals, three times daily.
For treating Lung Flaccidity due to labor injury with hematemesis, the Bufei San (Lung-Supplementing Powder) formula is prescribed:
Huangming Jiao (Bovini Corii Colla, processed and dried, two liang) Hua Sangye (Mori Folium, shade-dried, two liang)
The above two ingredients are pounded and sifted into a fine powder. Each dose consists of three qianbi, taken mixed with fresh rehmannia juice. Rice gruel drink is also acceptable.