论曰五谷五菜五畜五果以至药石，皆能养性益寿延年却老疗疾蠲邪，然有损有益，有利
有害，不可不察，饮食之间，可不慎哉。本草论物性味，有相须相得相畏相恶，相得则良，
相须则用，相畏则制其毒，相恶则置而不用。然则饮食有毒，宜有解散除治之法也。
辨饮食毒。法
上凡饮食倾浇于地，地土涌起者，不可食，食之皆杀人。
治新中杂食，瘀实不消，心腹坚者。方
白盐（二两）
上一味，以水二大盏，同煎至一盏半，分三服，连并服取吐为效。
治因食中毒。黄龙汤方
上取灶底当釜直下，掘取赤土，捣罗为细末，以冷水调，随多少服之，或犀角水摩取汁
饮，大效。
又方
上取赤马溺，不计多少，每服饮一两盏。
又方
上取苦参一两半，以醇酒二升，同煎一升，去滓，令温饮之，得吐即愈，或取甘草汁蓝
汁饮之。
又方
上取桑上蕈，破作段，着釜中，以水五升，煮取二升，漉出澄清，以慢火再煎沸，经宿
不食，来晨空腹服三合则吐食瘕，每日服三合瘥，羸者减服之。
治食诸饼 百物中毒方
贝齿（一枚生）
上一味含之，须臾吐出所食之物，即瘥。
方又
甘草（生） 荠 （各二两）
上二味细锉，以水五盏，同煎取二盏，停冷去滓，分三服。
外台秘要论曰，岭南俚人毒药，皆因食得之，即觉渐不能食，或五更心中满胀，并背急
闷似瘴，微觉即急取一片银方寸余许含之，一宿其银变色，即是着毒药也。银色青是蓝药，
若黄是菌药，俚人有解疗者，畏人得法，在外预合药防之，或名三百头牛药，或言三百两银
药，并是常用。俚人不识本草，乃妄言之，其方如后未得此药，先以余药治之且令定。解毒
饮方
生姜 甘草（炙各一两）
上二味各拍碎，以水三盏，煎取一盏半，平旦空腹，分二服，服讫然后以别方治。
又方
常山（四两） 白盐（二钱）
上二味，以水一斗浸之一宿，以月尽日浸之，月一日五更，用土釜中煎之，勿令奴婢鸡
犬见。煎取二升，于平旦分为三服，服少时即吐，以铜盆盛之，看色青，以杖举得五尺不断
者，即是药未尽，候一日二日后，更进一剂乃良。
又方
都 藤（十二两此药岭南有之土人皆识呼为三百两银药甚细长其藤有高三尺者生切碎）
上一味，以水一升，酒二升，同煎取二升，分三服。如人行十里进一服，服进三服讫，
其药毒逐从大小便出，十日慎吃壅毒诸食，不瘥更服，以差为度。
治解腹内诸毒。二藤酒方
都 藤 黄藤（各握取二虎口长三寸并细锉）
上二味，以酒三大升，都入小罂罐中密封，用慢火围四边，烧之令沸，伺温出之，温服
常有酒色，无禁忌，若不获已，欲食俚人食者，先取甘草一寸，炙令熟，嚼咽汁，若食着毒
药即吐，根据前法治之，若经含甘草而不吐者非也，宜常取甘草十数截，随身带之以自防，岭
南人将生熟食物，并于火上炮炙食之，永无虑，若席上撒药，卧着因汗入肉，最难治，可常
自将净席随身，及匙着甘草解毒药行为妙。
论述说：五谷、五菜、五畜、五果，乃至药物和矿物，都能滋养性情、益寿延年、抵御衰老、治疗疾病、祛除邪气。然而，它们既有有益的一面，也有有害的一面；既有有利之处，也有危害所在，不可不仔细考察。在饮食方面，怎能不谨慎呢？《本草》论述药物的性味，有相须（相互促进）、相得（相互协调）、相畏（相互抑制毒性）、相恶（相互抵消功效）的关系。相得则药效良好，相须则发挥效用，相畏则能制约其毒性，相恶则应弃置不用。既然这样，那么饮食中若有毒素，应当有解散清除的治疗方法。
辨别饮食中毒的方法：
凡是倾倒饮食在地上，地面泥土涌起的地方，不可食用，吃了都会致死。
治疗新近误食杂毒之物，导致瘀滞结实、消化不良，心腹部坚硬胀满的方剂：
白盐（二两）
以上一味药，用水两大盏，共同煎煮至一盏半，分三次服用，连续服用直到呕吐出来为见效标准。
治疗因进食中毒的黄龙汤方：
以上取灶台底部正对锅下方的红土，挖掘取出，捣碎过筛成细末，用冷水调匀，根据病情轻重适量服用，或者用犀角磨汁加水饮用，效果极佳。
又一方：
以上取赤马尿，不限多少，每次饮用一两盏。
又一方：
以上取苦参一两半，用优质白酒二升，共同煎煮至一升，滤去药渣，待温热时饮下，能吐出食物即可痊愈，或者取甘草汁、蓝靛汁饮用。
又一方：
以上取桑树上生长的蘑菇，掰成段，放入锅中，加水五升，煮取二升，滤出澄清，再用慢火重新煎沸，隔夜不吃东西，第二天早晨空腹服用三合，就会吐出食物积块，每天服用三合可治愈，身体虚弱者减少剂量服用。
治疗食用各种饼饵及万物中毒的方剂：
贝齿（一枚，生用）
以上一味药含在口中，片刻后吐出所吃的食物，即可痊愈。
又一方：
甘草（生用） 荠苨（各二两）
以上两味药切碎，用水五盏，共同煎煮取二盏，冷却后滤去药渣，分三次服用。
《外台秘要》论述说：岭南地区的俚人毒药，都是通过饮食摄入的，随即感觉逐渐无法进食，或者在五更天心中胀满，背部急迫闷痛似患瘴气，轻微感觉不适时立即取一片约方寸大小的银器含在口中，过一夜银子变色，就是中了毒药。银色变青是蓝靛类毒药，若变黄则是菌类毒药。俚人有懂得解毒疗法的人，害怕别人得到方法，所以在外出前预先配制药物以防备，有的称为“三百头牛药”，有的称为“三百两银药”，都是常用的。俚人不识《本草》，于是妄加言论，其方如下：在未得到此解毒药之前，先用其他药物处理，使病情稳定。解毒饮方：
生姜 甘草（炙，各一两）
以上两味药各自拍碎，用水三盏，煎取一盏半，清晨空腹时分两次服用，服完后然后用其他方剂治疗。
又一方：
常山（四两） 白盐（二钱）
以上两味药，用水一斗浸泡一夜，选择在农历月末那天浸泡，农历月初五更天时，用土锅煎煮，不要让奴婢、鸡犬看见。煎取二升，在清晨分为三次服用，服药不久即会呕吐，用铜盆承接，观察颜色若呈青色，用木棍挑起能达五尺不断裂的，说明药毒未尽，等到一天或两天后，再进服一剂才良善。
又一方：
都藤（十二两，此药岭南地区有生长，土人都认识，称为“三百两银药”，非常细长，藤蔓有三尺高的，生用时切碎）
以上一味药，用水一升，酒二升，共同煎煮取二升，分三次服用。如人行走十里路进服一次，服完三次后，药毒随着大小便排出，十天内注意避免吃容易壅滞毒性的食物，若不愈继续服用，以痊愈为度。
治疗解除腹内各种毒素的二藤酒方：
都藤 黄藤（各抓取相当于两只虎口宽、长三寸的量，并切碎）
以上两味药，用酒三大升，全部装入小坛罐中密封，用慢火在四周环绕加热，烧至沸腾，待温热时取出，温服，常有酒色，没有禁忌。如果不得已想吃俚人的食物，先取一寸甘草，炙熟后咀嚼咽下汁液，如果吃了有毒食物就会呕吐，按照前面的方法治疗。如果含了甘草而不呕吐的，就不是中毒，应该经常取十几截甘草，随身携带以防身。岭南人生熟食物，都在火上烤炙后食用，永远不用担心。如果在席面上撒药，躺着因出汗渗入肌肉，最难治疗，最好经常自带干净的席子，以及涂有甘草解毒药的勺子行动。
Commentary states: The five grains, five vegetables, five meats, and five fruits, as well as medicinal herbs and minerals, can all nourish the nature, benefit longevity, resist aging, treat diseases, and dispel evil pathogens. However, they possess both beneficial and harmful aspects; there are advantages and disadvantages. One must not fail to examine them carefully. Regarding diet, how can one not be cautious? The *Bencao* (Materia Medica) discusses the properties and flavors of substances, noting relationships such as Xiangxu (mutual enhancement), Xiangde (mutual coordination), Xiangwei (mutual inhibition of toxicity), and Xiang'e (mutual antagonism). When substances coordinate (Xiangde), their efficacy is good; when they enhance each other (Xiangxu), their utility is realized; when they inhibit toxicity (Xiangwei), their poison is controlled; when they antagonize each other (Xiang'e), they should be discarded and not used. Given this, if food contains toxins, there should be methods for dissolving and eliminating them.
Methods for distinguishing dietary poisoning:
Wherever food or drink is poured onto the ground and the soil rises up, it should not be eaten; consuming it will cause death.
Formula for treating recent ingestion of mixed poisons resulting in stagnation, solid accumulation, indigestion, and hardness/fullness in the heart and abdomen:
Baiyan (Halitum, 白盐) (2 liang)
Take the above single herb, add two large cups of water, and decoct together until one and a half cups remain. Divide into three doses and take continuously until vomiting occurs, which indicates efficacy.
Huanglong Tang (Yellow Dragon Decoction) for treating poisoning due to food intake:
Obtain the red earth directly beneath the stove where the pot sits, dig it up, pound and sieve it into a fine powder. Mix with cold water and take an appropriate amount according to severity. Alternatively, rub rhinoceros horn (Xijiao, 犀角) in water to extract juice and drink it; this is highly effective.
Another formula:
Take urine from a red horse (Chima ni, 赤马溺), no specific quantity required. Drink one or two cups per dose.
Another formula:
Take Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, 苦参) 1.5 liang. Decoct with two sheng of strong wine until one sheng remains. Filter out the dregs and drink while warm. Recovery occurs upon vomiting, or one may drink Gancao juice (Licorice Juice, 甘草汁) or Lanlan juice (Indigo Juice, 蓝汁).
Another formula:
Take mushrooms growing on mulberry trees (Sangshang xun, 桑上蕈), break them into segments, place in a pot, add five sheng of water, and boil down to two sheng. Strain and clarify. Re-boil over low heat. Do not eat overnight. Take three he of this decoction on an empty stomach the next morning to vomit out food masses (Shi jia, 食瘕). Taking three he daily leads to recovery. Reduce the dose for emaciated individuals.
Formula for poisoning from eating various cakes and other substances:
Beichi (Shell Tooth, 贝齿) (one piece, raw)
Hold the above single herb in the mouth. After a short while, spit out the ingested food, and recovery follows.
Another formula:
Gancao (Raw Licorice Root, 甘草) and Qini (Nephelii Fructus, 荠苨) (each 2 liang)
Finely chop the above two herbs. Add five cups of water and decoct together to obtain two cups. Allow to cool, filter out dregs, and divide into three doses.
The *Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions Worthy for Emergency [of Every] Value) states: In the Lingnan region, the Li people's poisons are ingested through food. Soon after, one feels gradually unable to eat, or experiences fullness in the heart at the third watch (Wugeng, 五更), along with tightness and stifling sensation in the back resembling miasma (Zhangqi, 瘴气). Upon slight discomfort, immediately take a piece of silver about one cun square and hold it in the mouth. Overnight, if the silver changes color, it indicates poisoning. If the silver turns blue-green, it is a plant-based poison (Lan yao, 蓝药); if yellow, it is a fungal poison (Jun yao, 菌药). The Li people who know antidotes fear others learning the method, so they prepare medicines in advance when traveling. These are sometimes called "Three Hundred Ox Poison" (Sanbai tou niu yao, 三百头牛药) or "Three Hundred Tael Silver Poison" (Sanbai liang yin yao, 三百两银药), both commonly used. Since the Li people do not understand the *Bencao*, they speak recklessly. Their formulas are as follows: Before obtaining this specific antidote, use other medicines first to stabilize the condition. Jiedu Yin (Antidote Drink, 解毒饮) Formula:
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger, 生姜) and Gancao (Roasted Licorice Root, 甘草) (each 1 liang, roasted)
Crush the above two herbs separately. Add three cups of water and decoct to obtain one and a half cups. Take on an empty stomach in the morning, divided into two doses. After finishing, treat with another formula.
Another formula:
Changshan (Dichroae Radix, 常山) (4 liang) and Baiyan (Halitum, 白盐) (2 qian)
Soak the above two herbs in one dou of water overnight. Soak on the last day of the lunar month. On the first day of the new moon at the third watch, decoct in an earthen pot. Do not let servants, chickens, dogs, or other animals see it. Decoct to obtain two sheng. Divide into three doses in the early morning. Vomiting occurs shortly after taking. Catch the vomitus in a copper basin. If the color is green and it can be lifted five chi high with a stick without breaking, the poison is not yet exhausted. Wait one or two days, then administer another dose for best results.
Another formula:
Du Teng (Calamus Vine, 都藤) (12 liang; this herb grows in Lingnan, recognized by locals as "Three Hundred Tael Silver Poison," very slender, vines up to three chi tall, chopped when raw)
Decoct the above single herb with one sheng of water and two sheng of wine to obtain two sheng. Divide into three doses. Administer one dose after walking ten li. After completing three doses, the poison exits via urination and defecation. For ten days, avoid foods that cause stagnation and trap poison. If not recovered, continue taking until cured.
Er Teng Jiu (Two Vines Wine, 二藤酒) for resolving various internal poisons:
Du Teng (Calamus Vine, 都藤) and Huangteng (Tinosporae Caulis, 黄藤) (each a handful equivalent to the width of two tiger mouths, three chi long, finely chopped)
Place the above two herbs in a small jar with three da sheng of wine. Seal tightly. Heat gently around the sides until boiling. Remove when warm and take warm. It retains a wine-like color. There are no contraindications. If one must eat Li people's food, first take one cun of Gancao (Licorice Root, 甘草), roast until cooked, chew and swallow the juice. If poisoned food was eaten, vomiting will occur. Treat according to previous methods. If holding Gancao does not induce vomiting, it is not poisoning. It is advisable to carry several pieces of Gancao personally for prevention. People in Lingnan roast raw and cooked foods over fire before eating, never worrying. If poison is sprinkled on mats and enters the flesh through sweat while lying down, it is hardest to treat. It is best to always carry a clean mat and spoons coated with Gancao antidote.