（凡四类）
（论六首 方五十三首 灸法七首）
论曰∶凡积久饮酒，未有不成消渴，然则大寒凝海而酒不冻，明其酒性酷热物无以加，
脯炙盐咸，酒客耽嗜，不离其口，三 之后。制不由己，饮啖无度，咀嚼 酱不择酸咸，积
年长夜，酣兴不解，遂使三焦猛热，五脏干燥，木石犹且焦枯，在人何能不渴。治之愈否，
属在病者。若能如方节慎，旬月可瘳。不自爱惜，死不旋踵。方书医药实多有效，其如不慎
者何？其所慎有三∶一饮酒，二房室，三咸食及面。能慎此者，虽不服药而自可无他。不知
此者，纵有金丹亦不可救，深思慎之。又曰∶消渴之人，愈与未愈，常须思虑，有大痈，何
者？消渴之人，必于大骨节间发痈疽而卒，所以戒之在大痈也，当预备痈药以防之。有人病
渴利，始发于春，经一夏，服栝蒌、豉汁，得其力，渴渐瘥。然小便犹数甚，昼夜二十余
行，常至三四升，极瘥不减二升也，转久便止，渐食肥腻，日就羸瘦，喉咽唇口焦燥，吸吸
少气，不得多语，心烦热，两脚酸，食乃兼倍于常而不为气力者，当知此病皆由虚热所致。
治法可常服栝蒌汁以除热，牛乳、杏酪善于补，此法最有益。
治消渴除肠胃热实方∶
麦门冬 茯苓 黄连 石膏 葳蕤（各八分） 人参 龙胆 黄芩（各六分） 升麻（四
分）
枳
上十三味为末，蜜丸如梧子大，以茅根一升，粟米三合煮汁，服十丸，日二。若渴则与
此饮至足大麻亦得。
又方 栝蒌根 生姜（各五两） 生麦冬汁 芦根（切，各二升） 茅根（切，三升）
上五味 咀，以水一斗，煮取三升，分为三服。
（凡四类）
（论述六篇 方剂五十三首 灸法七种）
论述说：凡是长期饮酒的人，没有不发展成消渴病的。然而，大寒凝结海面而酒却不结冰，这明确说明了酒的性质极其酷热，没有其他东西能超过它。肉干、烤炙食品和盐都偏咸，嗜酒之人沉迷其中，离不开嘴边，经过三年之后。由于自制力不强，饮食没有节制，咀嚼酱料时不选择酸咸适度，长年累月，通宵达旦地畅饮而不醒酒，于是导致三焦猛热，五脏干燥，即使是木头和石头尚且会焦枯，在人身上怎么能不感到口渴呢？治疗能否痊愈，取决于病人自己。如果能按照方子节制谨慎，一个月左右就可以痊愈。如果不自我爱惜，死亡就会接踵而至。医书上的医药确实有很多有效的，但对于那些不慎戒除病因的人又能怎么办呢？需要谨慎的有三点：一是饮酒，二是房事，三是咸食及面食。能做到谨慎这三点的人，即使不服药也可以自然没有其它病患。不知道这些禁忌的人，纵然有金丹也无法挽救，要深思并谨慎对待。又说：消渴病患者，无论痊愈与否，都必须考虑到会发生大痈疽。为什么呢？因为消渴病患者，必然在大骨节之间发生痈疽而突然死亡，所以告诫人们要警惕大痈疽，应当预备痈疽药物以防备它。有人患消渴病，起初在春季发作，经过整个夏天，服用栝蒌和豆豉汁，得到了疗效，口渴逐渐缓解。然而小便仍然非常频数，白天黑夜二十多次，每次多达三四升，极好转的时候也不少于二升。时间久了就会停止，逐渐食用肥腻食物，日渐消瘦，咽喉唇口焦燥，呼吸短促少气，不能多说话，心烦发热，两脚酸痛，进食量加倍于常人但体力却没有增加，应当知道此病都是由虚热所致。治疗方法可以常服栝蒌汁以清除热邪，牛乳、杏酪善于补益，这种方法最有益处。
治疗消渴症以清除肠胃热实的方剂：
麦门冬 茯苓 黄连 石膏 葳蕤（各八分） 人参 龙胆 黄芩（各六分） 升麻（四分）
枳实
以上十三味药研成末，用蜂蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸药，用茅根一升，粟米三合煮取汁液，每次服用十丸，每日两次。如果口渴就给予这种饮液直到满足为止也可以。
又一方：栝蒌根 生姜（各五两） 生麦冬汁 芦根（切碎，各二升） 茅根（切碎，三升）
以上五味药切碎，用水一斗，煮取三升，分为三次服用。
(Four categories in total)
(Six treatises, fifty-three prescriptions, seven moxibustion methods)
The treatise states: Anyone who has been drinking alcohol for a long time will inevitably develop Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome). However, although the sea surface freezes during severe cold, wine does not freeze, which clearly demonstrates that the nature of wine is extremely hot and no other substance can surpass it. Dried meats, roasted foods, and salt are salty. Wine drinkers indulge in their habit, keeping it constantly at hand. After three years, lacking self-control, they eat and drink without limit, chewing sauces without regard to whether they are sour or salty. For years and nights, they drink heartily without sobering up, thereby causing fierce heat in the San Jiao (Triple Burner) and dryness in the five Zang organs (Heart, Liver, Spleen, Lung, Kidney). Even wood and stone would become scorched and withered; how much more so for humans, who cannot help but feel thirsty? Whether the treatment succeeds depends on the patient. If one can exercise restraint according to the prescription, recovery can be expected within a month. If one fails to cherish oneself, death will follow swiftly. Although medical texts contain many effective remedies, what can be done for those who do not exercise caution? There are three things to be cautious about: first, drinking alcohol; second, sexual activity; third, consuming salty foods and wheat products. Those who can observe these precautions will remain healthy even without taking medicine. Those who ignore these warnings cannot be saved even by golden elixirs; one must ponder this deeply and act with caution. It is also said: Patients with Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome), whether recovering or not, must always consider the risk of developing a large carbuncle (Da Yong). Why? Because patients with Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome) invariably develop carbuncles and ulcers between the major bone joints and die suddenly; therefore, the warning lies in guarding against large carbuncles. One should prepare medicines for carbuncles in advance to prevent them. A certain person suffered from Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome), which began in spring and lasted through summer. After taking Trichosanthis Radix (Gualou) and fermented soybean juice (Chi), he experienced relief, and his thirst gradually subsided. However, his urination remained very frequent, occurring more than twenty times day and night, with each volume reaching three to four sheng (ancient unit of volume), and even when significantly improved, it did not drop below two sheng. Over time, this stopped. Gradually eating fatty and greasy foods, he became increasingly emaciated. His throat, pharynx, lips, and mouth became scorched and dry; he breathed shallowly with shortness of breath, could not speak much, felt irritable and hot, and his legs were sore. Although his food intake doubled that of ordinary people, his physical strength did not increase. One should understand that this disease is caused by deficiency-heat. The treatment method involves frequently consuming Trichosanthis Radix (Gualou) juice to clear heat; cow's milk and apricot cheese are good for tonification. This method is most beneficial.
Prescription for treating Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome) by clearing heat and excess in the stomach and intestines:
Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong), Poria (Fuling), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao), Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma (Weirui) (each 8 fen); Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen), Gentianae Radix (Longdan), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) (each 6 fen); Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma) (4 fen); Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi).
Grind the above thirteen ingredients into powder, mix with honey to make pills the size of wu zi (sterculia seeds). Boil one sheng of Imperatae Rhizoma (Maogen) and three he of Setaria Italica (Sumi) in water to extract the decoction. Take ten pills twice daily. If thirsty, drink this decoction until satisfied.
Another prescription: Trichosanthis Radix (Gualougen), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) (each 5 liang); fresh Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong) juice, Phragmitis Rhizoma (Lugen) (cut, each 2 sheng); Imperatae Rhizoma (Maogen) (cut, 3 sheng).
Chop the above five ingredients, boil in ten dou of water, reduce to three sheng, and divide into three doses.