治肾气不足，消渴小便多，腰痛方。
羊肾（一具） 远志 人参 泽泻 桂心 当归 茯苓 龙骨 干地黄 黄芩 甘草 川
芎（各二两） 麦门冬（一升） 五味子（半升） 生姜（六两） 大枣（二十枚）
上十六味以水一斗五升，先煮羊肾，取一斗二升，次下诸药，取三升，分三服。
治下焦虚热，上注脾胃，从脾胃上注于肺，好渴利方∶
竹叶（切三升） 甘草（三两） 栝蒌根 生姜（各五两） 麦门冬 茯苓（各四两） 大
枣
（三十
上九味 咀，先以水三斗，煮小麦，取一斗去滓澄清，取八升，去上沫，取七升煮药
，取三升，为三服。
治渴利虚热，引饮不止，消热止渴方∶
竹叶（切，二升） 地骨皮（切，一升） 生地黄（切，一升） 生麦冬（一升半） 栝
蒌根 石
膏
上十一味 咀，以水一斗二升，煮取四升，分四服。
治面黄，手足黄，咽中干燥，短气，脉如连珠，除热止渴利，补养方。
生地黄汁 生栝蒌根汁（各二升） 生羊脂（三升） 白蜜（四升） 黄连（一升为末）
上五味合煎，令可丸如梧子大，饮服五丸，日二。加至二十丸。若苦冷而渴，渴瘥，宜
别服温药。
治渴小便数方∶
贝母（六分，一作知母） 茯苓 栝蒌根（各四分） 铅丹（一分） 鸡 中黄皮（十
四枚）
上五味治下筛，饮服方寸匕，日三，瘥后常服佳。长服不绝，则去铅丹，以蜜丸之，用麦饮
下。
治渴利方∶
用生栝蒌根三十斤切，以水一石，煮取一斗半，去滓，以牛脂五合，煎取水尽，以温酒
治渴小便利，复非淋者方∶
用榆白皮二斤切，以水一斗，煮取五升，每服三合，日三。
又方 小豆藿一把捣汁，顿服三升。
又方 取蔷薇根，水煎服之，佳。（《肘后》以治睡中遗尿）。
又方 三年重鹊巢烧末，以饮服之。（《肘后》以治睡中遗尿）。
又方 桃胶如弹丸大，含之咽津。
又方 蜡如鸡子大，以醋一升，煮二沸，适寒温顿服之。
论曰∶凡人生放恣者众，盛壮之时，不自慎惜，快情纵欲，极意房中，渐至年长，肾气
虚竭，百病滋生。又年少惧不能房，多服石散，真气既尽。石气孤立，惟有虚耗，唇口干焦
，精液自泄，或小便赤黄，大便干实，或渴而且利，日夜一石，或渴而不利，或不渴而利，
所食之物，悉化小便，皆由房室不节所致也，凡平人夏月喜渴者，由心旺也。心旺便汗，
则肾中虚燥，故渴而小便少也。冬月不汗，故小便多而数也，此为平人之证也。名为消
但小便利而不饮水者，肾实也。经云，肾实则消，消者不渴而利是也。所以服石之人小便利
者，石性归肾，得石则实，实则能消水浆故利，利多则不能润养五脏，脏衰则生诸病。张仲
景云∶热结下焦则为溺血，亦令人淋闭不通。内有热者则喜渴，除热则止渴。兼虚者，须
热补虚则瘥矣。
治不渴而小便大利，遂至于死者方∶
用牡蛎五两，以患人尿三升，煮取二升，分再服，神验。
治小便不禁，日便一二斗，或如血色方∶
麦冬 干地黄（各八两） 干姜（四两） 续断 蒺藜子 桂心（各三两） 甘草（一
两）上
七味 咀，以水一斗，煮取二升五合，分三服。（《古今录验》亦治消肾，脚瘦细，
治疗肾气不足，消渴且小便频多，伴有腰痛的方剂。
羊肾（一副） 远志 人参 泽泻 桂心 当归 茯苓 龙骨 干地黄 黄芩 甘草 川芎（各二两） 麦门冬（一升） 五味子（半升） 生姜（六两） 大枣（二十枚）
以上十六味药，用水一斗五升，先煮羊肾，取汁一斗二升，然后加入其余药物，煎取三升药液，分三次服用。
治疗下焦虚热，热气上注于脾胃，再从脾胃上注于肺，导致严重口渴、小便频利的方剂：
竹叶（切碎，三升） 甘草（三两） 栝蒌根 生姜（各五两） 麦门冬 茯苓（各四两） 大枣（三十枚）
以上九味药，捣碎，先用水三斗，煮小麦，取汁一斗，去渣澄清，取八升，去掉上面的浮沫，取七升用来煮药，煎取三升药液，分三次服用。
治疗因虚热引起的口渴多饮、饮水不止的方剂：
竹叶（切碎，二升） 地骨皮（切碎，一升） 生地黄（切碎，一升） 生麦冬（一升半） 栝蒌根 石膏
以上十一味药，捣碎，用水一斗二升，煎取四升药液，分四次服用。
治疗面色发黄，手足发黄，咽喉干燥，气短，脉象如连珠般滑数，具有清热止渴利、补养作用的方剂。
生地黄汁 生栝蒌根汁（各二升） 生羊脂（三升） 白蜜（四升） 黄连（一升，研为末）
以上五味药合在一起煎煮，制成梧桐子大小的丸药，每次用温水送服五丸，每日两次。可逐渐增加至二十丸。如果患者苦于寒冷而口渴，待口渴缓解后，适宜另外服用温性药物。
治疗口渴且小便频数的方剂：
贝母（六分，一作知母） 茯苓 栝蒌根（各四分） 铅丹（一分） 鸡内金（十四枚）
以上五味药，研磨过筛，每次用方寸匕的药量，温水送服，每日三次。病愈后常服效果更佳。长期服用不间断，则去掉铅丹，用蜂蜜制成丸药，用麦粥汤送服。
治疗消渴的方剂：
取生栝蒌根三十斤切碎，用水一石，煎取一斗半药液，去渣，加入牛脂五合，煎至油尽，用温酒送服。（原文此处似有脱漏，结合语境应为送服或调服）
治疗口渴且小便通利，但并非淋证的方剂：
取榆白皮二斤切碎，用水一斗，煎取五升药液，每次服用三合，每日三次。
又一方：取小豆苗一把，捣取汁液，一次性服用三升。
又一方：取蔷薇根，用水煎服，效果佳。（《肘后备急方》用它来治疗睡中遗尿）。
又一方：取三年陈喜鹊巢，烧成灰末，用水送服。（《肘后备急方》用它来治疗睡中遗尿）。
又一方：含服桃胶，大小如弹丸，慢慢咽下津液。
又一方：取蜡如鸡蛋大小，用醋一升，煮沸两次，待温度适宜时一次性服用。
论述说：大凡人生放荡不羁的人很多，在身体强壮的时候，不能自我谨慎爱惜，尽情享乐纵欲，极度沉迷于房事，渐渐到了年长，肾气虚竭，百病滋生。又有人年少时害怕不能行房，多服用石散（矿物药），导致真气耗尽。石气孤立无援，只有虚耗，出现嘴唇口干焦裂，精液自泄，或者小便赤黄，大便干结，或者既口渴又小便频多，一天喝一石水，或者口渴但不小便多，或者不口渴但小便多，所吃的食物，都化为小便排出，这都是由房事不节制导致的。凡是普通人夏天喜欢口渴的，是因为心火旺盛。心火旺盛就会出汗，导致肾中虚燥，所以口渴且小便少。冬天不出汗，所以小便多且频数，这是正常人的生理证候。名为消渴病（Xiao Ke Disease, Diabetes Mellitus-like syndrome），但如果是小便通利却不喝水的，是肾实证。医经说，肾实则消，消渴病中不口渴而小便多的情况就是这类。所以服用石散的人小便通利的，是因为石性归于肾，得到石气则肾实，肾实能够消化水浆，所以小便多，小便多了就不能滋润滋养五脏，脏腑衰弱就会产生各种疾病。张仲景说：热邪结聚在下焦就会导致尿血，也会让人淋证闭塞不通。体内有热邪就会喜欢口渴，清除热邪就能止渴。兼有虚证的，需要用热性药物补虚，虚证好了病也就痊愈了。
治疗不口渴但小便极度频多，甚至导致死亡的方剂：
用牡蛎五两，用病人的尿液三升，煎取二升药液，分两次服用，神效。
治疗小便失禁，每天小便一二斗，或者尿液像血色一样的方剂：
麦冬 干地黄（各八两） 干姜（四两） 续断 蒺藜子 桂心（各三两） 甘草（一两）
以上七味药，捣碎，用水一斗，煎取二升五合药液，分三次服用。（《古今录验》也治疗消肾，脚部瘦细，...）
Treats the formula for insufficient Kidney Qi, Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome) with polyuria, and lower back pain.
Sheep Kidney (one piece), Yuanzhi (Polygalae Radix), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Guixin (Cinnamomi Cortex), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Fuling (Poria), Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi), Sheng Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (each two liang), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix) (one sheng), Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) (half sheng), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (six liang), Dazao (Jujubae Fructus) (twenty pieces).
The above sixteen ingredients are boiled in one dou five sheng of water. First, boil the sheep kidney until one dou two sheng remains. Then add the remaining herbs and boil until three sheng remains. Divide into three doses.
Treats deficiency heat in the Lower Jiao (Lower Burner), which ascends to the Spleen and Stomach, then from there to the Lungs, causing severe thirst and polyuria.
Zhuye (Bambusae Folium) (cut, three sheng), Gancao (Licorice Root) (three liang), Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix), Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) (each five liang), Maimendong (Ophiopogon Root) (four liang), Fuling (Poria) (four liang), Dazao (Jujube Fruit) (thirty pieces).
The above nine ingredients are crushed. First, boil wheat in three dou of water until one dou remains. Strain and clarify, take eight sheng, remove the foam on top, take seven sheng, and use this liquid to decoct the herbs until three sheng remains. Divide into three doses.
Treats thirst and polyuria caused by deficiency heat, with incessant drinking. Clears heat and relieves thirst.
Zhuye (Bamboo Leaf) (cut, two sheng), Digupi (Lycii Cortex), Sheng Dihuang (Raw Rehmannia Root) (cut, one sheng), Sheng Maimendong (Raw Ophiopogon Root) (one and a half sheng), Gualougen (Trichosanthes Root), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum).
The above eleven ingredients are crushed. Boil in one dou two sheng of water until four sheng remains. Divide into four doses.
Treats yellow complexion, yellow hands and feet, dry throat, shortness of breath, pulse resembling linked pearls. Clears heat, relieves thirst and polyuria, and nourishes.
Sheng Dihuang Zhi (Juice of Raw Rehmannia Root), Sheng Gualougen Zhi (Juice of Raw Trichosanthes Root) (each two sheng), Sheng Yangzhi (Raw Sheep Fat) (three sheng), Baimi (White Honey) (four sheng), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (one sheng, powdered).
Combine the above five ingredients and decoct together. Form pills the size of wu zi (Chinese quince seeds). Take five pills with warm water, twice daily. Increase gradually to twenty pills. If suffering from cold and thirst, after the thirst subsides, it is appropriate to separately administer warming medicines.
Treats thirst and frequent urination.
Beimu (Fritillariae Bulbus) (six fen, alternatively Zhimu Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Gualougen (Trichosanthes Root) (each four fen), Qiandan (Lead Tetroxide), Jin Zhong Huangpi (Endothelium Corneum Gigeriae Galli) (fourteen pieces).
Process the above five ingredients and sift finely. Take one fang cun bi (square inch spoonful) with water, three times daily. It is beneficial to continue taking it after recovery. For long-term continuous use, remove Qiandan and form honey pills, taken down with Mai Yin (wheat broth).
Treats Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome).
Take thirty jin of raw Gualougen (Trichosanthes Root), cut into pieces. Boil in one shi of water until one and a half dou remains. Remove dregs. Add five he of Niu Zhi (Cow Fat) and decoct until the fat is consumed. Take with warm wine. (Note: The original text appears truncated here regarding the method of administration).
Treats thirst with free urination, but not Lin Syndrome (Dysuria).
Take two jin of Yu Bai Pi (Ulmus Cortex), cut into pieces. Boil in one dou of water until five sheng remains. Take three he per dose, three times daily.
Another prescription: Take one bundle of Xiaoduo Huo (Mung Bean Sprouts), crush and extract juice. Take three sheng in one dose.
Another prescription: Take Qiangwei Gen (Rosa Root), decoct in water and take. Effective. (Zhou Hou treats nocturnal enuresis with this).
Another prescription: Take a three-year-old magpie nest, burn to ash, and take with water. (Zhou Hou treats nocturnal enuresis with this).
Another prescription: Contain Tao Jiao (Peach Gum) the size of a pellet, swallow saliva slowly.
Another prescription: Take wax the size of an egg. Boil in one sheng of vinegar for two boils. Take when temperature is suitable in one dose.
Discussion: Generally, many people live unrestrained. In their prime, they do not exercise caution or cherish their health, indulging in desires and excessive sexual activity. As they age, Kidney Qi becomes depleted, leading to various diseases. Furthermore, some young people fear impotence and frequently consume Shi San (Mineral Powders), exhausting their True Qi. The mineral qi stands alone, causing only depletion, resulting in dry and cracked lips, spontaneous seminal emission, red and yellow urine, dry and hard stools, or both thirst and polyuria where one drinks one shi of water daily; or thirst without polyuria; or no thirst but polyuria. All ingested food transforms into urine. This is all caused by lack of moderation in sexual intercourse. Normally, people feel thirsty in summer because Heart Qi is flourishing. Flourishing Heart Qi causes sweating, leading to deficiency and dryness in the Kidneys, hence thirst and reduced urination. In winter, there is no sweating, so urination is frequent and abundant. This is a normal physiological state. Regarding Xiao Ke (Wasting and Thirsting Syndrome), if one urinates freely but does not drink, it indicates Kidney Excess. The Classics state: "When the Kidney is excess, there is Xiao (consumption)." Xiao characterized by no thirst but polyuria belongs to this category. Therefore, those who consume mineral powders have free urination because the nature of minerals enters the Kidney, making it excess. When excess, it can digest fluids, leading to polyuria. Excessive urination fails to nourish the Five Viscera. Visceral decline leads to various diseases. Zhang Zhongjing said: "Heat binding in the Lower Jiao causes hematuria and also causes Lin Syndrome with obstruction." Internal heat causes thirst; clearing heat stops thirst. If accompanied by deficiency, warming tonification is required to cure the deficiency.
Treats non-thirsty but extreme polyuria leading to death.
Use five liang of Mumli (Ostreae Concha). Boil in three sheng of the patient's urine until two sheng remains. Divide into two doses. Highly effective.
Treats urinary incontinence, urinating one or two dou daily, or urine resembling blood color.
Maidong (Ophiopogon Root), Sheng Dihuang (Rehmannia Root) (each eight liang), Gan Jiang (Dried Ginger) (four liang), Xuduan (Dipsaci Radix), Jili Zi (Tribuli Fructus), Guixin (Cinnamon Bark) (each three liang), Gancao (Licorice Root) (one liang).
The above seven ingredients are crushed. Boil in one dou of water until two sheng five he remains. Divide into three doses. (Gu Jin Lu Yan also treats Xiao Shen [Kidney Wasting], with thin legs...)